Carleton (Ontario federal electoral district)

This article is about the federal electoral district in Ontario. For the provincial electoral district, see Carleton (Ontario provincial electoral district). For the pre-Confederal electoral district, see Carleton (Province of Canada electoral district).

Not to be confused with Carlton (UK Parliament constituency), Electoral district of Carlton, or Carleton (New Brunswick federal electoral district).

Carleton

Ontario electoral district
Carleton in relation to other electoral districts in Ottawa
Federal electoral district
Legislature	House of Commons
MP	Pierre Poilievre Conservative
District created	1867
First contested	1867
Last contested	2021
District webpage	profile, map
Demographics
Population (2016) [1]	102,918
Electors (2015)	71,947
Area (km²) [1]	1,229
Pop. density (per km²)	83.7
Census division(s)	Ottawa
Census subdivision(s)	Ottawa

Carleton is a federal electoral district in Ontario, Canada, represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1867 to 1968 and since 2015. It was represented in the Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada from 1821 to 1840 and in the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada from 1841 until 1866. It has been represented by Pierre Poilievre, the current Leader of the Opposition, since its creation in 2015.

The original riding was created by the British North America Act of 1867. However, the riding had existed since 1821 in the Parliament of Upper Canada and the Parliament of the Province of Canada. It originally consisted of Carleton County. In 1966, it was redistributed into the new electoral districts of Grenville—Carleton, Lanark and Renfrew, Ottawa Centre, Ottawa West and Ottawa—Carleton.

This riding was re-created by the 2012 electoral redistribution from parts of Nepean—Carleton (59%), Carleton—Mississippi Mills (41%) and a small portion of Ottawa South. It was contested in the 2015 federal election.

Demographics

According to the 2021 Canadian census ^[2]

Languages: 68.6% English, 7.0% French, 3.8% Arabic, 2.1% Mandarin, 1.0% Spanish
Religions: 57.2% Christian (31.3% Catholic, 5.5% Anglican, 5.1% United Church, 2.0% Christian Orthodox, 1.3% Presbyterian, 1.0% Pentecostal, 11.0% Other), 8.1% Muslim, 2.0% Hindu, 1.0% Buddhist, 29.9% None
Median income: $58,400 (2020)
Average income: $72,300 (2020)

Panethnic groups in Carleton (2011−2021)

Panethnic group	2021 [3]		2016 [4]		2011 [5]
	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%
European [lower-alpha 1]	95,190	72.85%	84,600	83%	77,900	87.75%
Middle Eastern [lower-alpha 2]	7,965	6.1%	3,720	3.65%	1,785	2.01%
South Asian	7,750	5.93%	2,735	2.68%	1,745	1.97%
East Asian [lower-alpha 3]	6,105	4.67%	3,220	3.16%	2,090	2.35%
African	4,980	3.81%	2,615	2.57%	1,395	1.57%
Indigenous	3,315	2.54%	2,320	2.28%	1,570	1.77%
Southeast Asian [lower-alpha 4]	2,685	2.05%	1,425	1.4%	1,210	1.36%
Latin American	1,295	0.99%	655	0.64%	675	0.76%
Other/multiracial [lower-alpha 5]	1,390	1.06%	640	0.63%	420	0.47%
Total responses	130,660	99.46%	101,930	99.04%	88,775	99.17%
Total population	131,375	100%	102,918	100%	89,522	100%
Notes: Totals greater than 100% due to multiple origin responses. Demographics based on 2012 Canadian federal electoral redistribution riding boundaries.

Riding history

The federal riding consisted initially of Carleton County. In 1882, it was redefined to consist of the townships of Nepean, North Gower, Marlboro, March, Torbolton and Goulbourn, and the village of Richmond. In 1903, it was redefined to consist of the county of Carleton, excluding the city of Ottawa and the townships of Gloucester and Osgoode.

In 1914, it was redefined to include parts of the city of Ottawa not included in either the electoral district of Ottawa or Rideau Ward of Ottawa.

In 1924, it was redefined as consisting of the county of Carleton, excluding the townships of Gloucester and Osgoode and that part of the city of Ottawa lying east of a line drawn from south to north along the Canadian Pacific Railway line, Somerset Street, Bayswater Avenue, Bayview Road, and Mason Street to the Ottawa River.

In 1933, it was redefined as consisting of the county of Carleton, excluding the township of Gloucester, the town of Eastview, the village of Rockcliffe Park and the part of the city of Ottawa lying east of Parkdale Avenue.

In 1947, it was redefined as consisting of the county of Carleton, excluding the township of Gloucester, the town of Eastview and the village of Rockcliffe Park, and including the parts of Victoria and Elmdale wards in the city of Ottawa west of Parkdale Avenue, the part of Dalhousie ward south of Carling Avenue, the part of Capital ward south of Carling Avenue and Linden Terrace, and the part of Riverdale ward south of Riverdale Avenue and west of Main Street.

In 1952, it was redefined as consisting of the county of Carleton (excluding the township of Gloucester, the town of Eastview and the village of Rockcliffe Park), and the part of the city of Ottawa west of a line drawn from north to south along Parkdale Avenue, east along Carling Avenue, north along O'Connor Street, east along Linden Terrace to the Rideau Canal, south along the canal, east along Echo Drive, northeast along Riverdale Avenue, south along Main Street, southwest along the Rideau River.

The electoral district was abolished in 1966 when it was redistributed between Grenville—Carleton, Lanark and Renfrew, Ottawa Centre, Ottawa West and Ottawa—Carleton ridings.

Riding Revival

The riding was recreated in 2015 by the 2012 federal electoral boundaries redistribution and was legally defined in the 2013 representation order. Initially, the riding was known as Rideau—Carleton. 40.58% of the riding came from the riding of Carleton—Mississippi Mills, 59.37% from Nepean—Carleton and 0.04% from Ottawa South. It came into effect upon the call of the next federal election in October 2015.

2022 Federal Redistribution

The 2022 Canadian federal electoral redistribution resulted in much of the riding's few urban polls being swapped for other rural areas within the City of Ottawa. ^[6]

The area north of Hazeldean Road has been reassigned to the new Kanata riding.

The largely rural portions west of the 417 and north of Craig's Side Road / Murphy Side Road / Constance Lake Road / Berry Side Road has been reassigned from the old Kanata—Carleton riding to Carleton. This includes several rural commmunities: Fitzroy Harbour, Dunrobin, Kinburn and Constance Bay.

Another rural area (south of Bells Corners, west of the 416 and south of Barnsdale Road) was allocated to the riding from the Nepean riding.

In the east, parts of Orléans and Glengarry—Prescott—Russell south of Highway 417 and within the city of Ottawa, and that part of Ottawa South south of the 417 and Hunt Club Road and east of Hawthorne Road, were moved into the riding.

The Findlay Creek area was reallocated to Ottawa South.

Members of Parliament of Upper Canada

(returned two members from 1831 to 1840)

1. William Morris (1821–1825)
2. George Thew Burke (1825–1829)
3. Thomas Mabon Radenhurst (1829–1831)
4. Hamnett Kirkes Pinhey (1831) and John Bower Lewis (1831–1840)
5. George Lyon (1831–1835)
6. Edward Malloch (1835–1840)

Members of Parliament of the Province of Canada

1. James Johnston, Reformer (1841–1846)
2. George Lyon, Conservative (1846–1848)
3. Edward Malloch (1848–1854)
4. William F. Powell, Conservative (1854–1866)

Members of Parliament

This riding has elected the following members of Parliament:

Carleton
Parliament	Years	Member		Party
1st	1867–1872		John Holmes	Liberal–Conservative
2nd	1872–1874		John Rochester	Conservative
3rd	1874–1878
4th	1878–1882
5th	1882–1887		John A. Macdonald	Liberal–Conservative
6th	1887–1888
	1888–1891		George Lemuel Dickinson	Conservative
7th	1891–1896		William Thomas Hodgins
8th	1896–1900
9th	1900–1904		Edward Kidd
10th	1904–1905
	1905–1908		Robert Borden
11th	1908–1909
	1909–1911		Edward Kidd
12th	1911–1912
	1912–1917		William Foster Garland
13th	1917–1921		George Boyce	Government (Unionist)
14th	1921–1925		William Foster Garland	Conservative
15th	1925–1926
16th	1926–1930
17th	1930–1935
18th	1935–1940		Alonzo Hyndman
19th	1940–1940			National Government
	1940–1945		George Russell Boucher	Conservative
20th	1945–1948			Progressive Conservative
	1948–1949		George A. Drew
21st	1949–1953
22nd	1953–1957
23rd	1957–1958		Dick Bell
24th	1958–1962
25th	1962–1963
26th	1963–1965		Lloyd Francis	Liberal
27th	1965–1968		Dick Bell	Progressive Conservative
Riding dissolved into Grenville—Carleton, Lanark and Renfrew, Ottawa Centre, Ottawa West, and Ottawa—Carleton
Riding re-created from Carleton—Mississippi Mills, Nepean—Carleton, and Ottawa South
42nd	2015–2019		Pierre Poilievre	Conservative
43rd	2019–2021
44th	2021–present

Election results

Carleton, 2015–present

Graph of election results in Carleton since 2011

v t e 2021 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Expenditures
	Conservative	Pierre Poilievre	35,356	49.9	+3.55	$108,590.73
	Liberal	Gustave Roy	24,298	34.3	−3.93	$91,061.91
	New Democratic	Kevin Hua	8,164	11.5	+2.16	$3,138.40
	People's	Peter Crawley	1,728	2.4	+1.26	$1,053.55
	Green	Nira Dookeran	1,327	1.9	−3.04	$2,403.07
Total valid votes/expense limit			70,873	99.37	—	$122,996.20
Total rejected ballots			447	0.63	+0.03
Turnout			71,320	74.57	−2.61
Eligible voters			95,639
	Conservative hold		Swing		+3.74
Source: Elections Canada [7] [8] [9]

2021 federal election redistributed results [10]
Party		Vote	%
	Conservative	36,534	51.86
	Liberal	22,448	31.86
	New Democratic	8,012	11.37
	People's	1,939	2.75
	Green	1,512	2.15
	Others	7	0.01

v t e 2019 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Expenditures
	Conservative	Pierre Poilievre	32,147	46.35	−0.51	$95,365.47
	Liberal	Chris Rodgers	26,518	38.23	−5.51	$106,000.32
	New Democratic	Kevin Hua	6,479	9.34	+3.21	$2,169.60
	Green	Gordon Kubanek	3,423	4.94	+1.68	$5,330.23
	People's	Alain Musende	792	1.14	–	none listed
Total valid votes/expense limit			69,359	100
Total rejected ballots			408	0.60	+0.27
Turnout			67,767	77.18	−3.77
Eligible voters			87,807
	Conservative hold		Swing		+2.50
Source: Elections Canada [11] [12]

v t e 2015 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Expenditures
	Conservative	Pierre Poilievre	27,762	46.86	−14.81	$166,805.35
	Liberal	Chris Rodgers	25,913	43.74	+22.88	$101,336.54
	New Democratic	KC Larocque	3,632	6.13	−7.22	$17,692.44
	Green	Deborah Coyne	1,932	3.26	−0.86	$15,632.31
Total valid votes/expense limit			59,239	100.00		$206,141.87
Total rejected ballots			196	0.33	–
Turnout			59,435	80.95	–
Eligible voters			73,418
	Conservative hold		Swing		−18.84
Source(s) Elections Canada – Confirmed candidates for Carleton, 30 September 2015 Elections Canada – Preliminary Election Expenses Limits for Candidates

2011 federal election redistributed results [13]
Party		Vote	%
	Conservative	28,928	61.67
	Liberal	9,786	20.86
	New Democratic	6,262	13.35
	Green	1,932	4.11

Carleton, 1867–1968

Graph of election results in Carleton (1896-1968, minor parties that never got 2% of the vote or didn't run consistently are omitted)

v t e 1965 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Progressive Conservative	Dick Bell	32,456	43.90	–2.39
	Liberal	Lloyd Francis	31,523	42.64	–5.37
	New Democratic	Donald V. Stirling	9,953	13.46	+8.79
Total valid votes			73,932	100.0
	Progressive Conservative gain from Liberal		Swing		+1.49

v t e 1963 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Lloyd Francis	32,325	48.01	+6.02
	Progressive Conservative	Dick Bell	31,168	46.29	–5.40
	New Democratic	Lewis Hanley	3,144	4.67	–0.19
	Social Credit	Harold Herbert Splett	699	1.04	–0.44
Total valid votes			67,336	100.0
	Liberal gain from Progressive Conservative		Swing		+5.71

v t e 1962 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Progressive Conservative	Dick Bell	32,125	51.66	–15.81
	Liberal	Lloyd Francis	26,109	41.99	+13.86
	New Democratic	Lewis Hanley	3,024	4.86	+1.20
	Social Credit	Harold Herbert Splett	922	1.48	+0.75
Total valid votes			62,180	100.0
	Progressive Conservative hold		Swing		–14.84

v t e 1958 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Progressive Conservative	Dick Bell	32,741	67.47	+5.69
	Liberal	George Humble	13,652	28.13	–5.79
	Co-operative Commonwealth	Stewart I. Crawford	1,777	3.66	+0.70
	Social Credit	Grace Gough	355	0.73	–0.62
Total valid votes			48,525	100.0
	Progressive Conservative hold		Swing		+5.74

v t e 1957 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Progressive Conservative	Dick Bell	27,865	61.78	+6.53
	Liberal	Frank Egan Dunlap	15,298	33.92	–6.34
	Co-operative Commonwealth	Stewart I. Crawford	1,334	2.96	+0.01
	Social Credit	Eric Kingsley Fallis	607	1.35	–0.19
Total valid votes			45,104	100.0
	Progressive Conservative hold		Swing		+6.44

v t e 1953 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Progressive Conservative	George Drew	20,137	55.25	+2.26
	Liberal	John H. McDonald	14,676	40.26	–0.45
	Co-operative Commonwealth	Stewart I. Crawford	1,075	2.95	–3.35
	Social Credit	Eric Kingsley Fallis	562	1.54
Total valid votes			36,450	100.0
	Progressive Conservative hold		Swing		+1.36

v t e 1949 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Progressive Conservative	George Drew	18,141	52.99	–23.28
	Liberal	John H. McDonald	13,937	40.71
	Co-operative Commonwealth	Eugene Forsey	2,155	6.30	–14.63
Total valid votes			34,233	100.0
	Progressive Conservative hold		Swing		–32.00

Canadian federal by-election, 20 December 1948 On the resignation of G. Russell Boucher, 1 November 1948
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Progressive Conservative	George Drew	12,284	76.27	+14.01
	Co-operative Commonwealth	Eugene Forsey	3,371	20.93	+13.46
	Social Credit	J. Nelson McCracken	451	2.80
Total valid votes			16,106	100.0
	Progressive Conservative hold		Swing		+0.28

v t e 1945 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Progressive Conservative	G. Russell Boucher	10,916	62.26	–18.04
	Liberal	Leonard Anthony Davis	5,309	30.28
	Co-operative Commonwealth	Douglas D. Irwin	1,309	7.47
Total valid votes			17,534	100.0
	Progressive Conservative hold		Swing		–24.16

Canadian federal by-election, 19 August 1940 On the death of Alonzo Hyndman, 9 April 1940
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	George Russell Boucher	6,045	80.30	+26.40
	New Democracy	John Nelson McCracken	1,483	19.70
Total valid votes			7,528	100.0
	Conservative hold		Swing

v t e 1940 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	National Government	Alonzo Hyndman	7,736	53.90	+11.54
	Liberal	Herbert Samuel Arkell	6,617	46.10	+9.61
Total valid votes			14,353	100.0
	National Government hold		Swing		+0.96

v t e 1935 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Alonzo Hyndman	6,872	42.36	–1.42
	Liberal	Herbert Samuel Arkell	5,919	36.49	–5.56
	Reconstruction	Herman Ralph James	3,431	21.15
Total valid votes			16,222	100.0
	Conservative hold		Swing		+2.07

v t e 1930 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	William Foster Garland	7,317	43.78	–12.57
	Liberal	Mortimer Newton Cummings	7,027	42.05	–1.60
	Independent Conservative	Robert Ormond Morris	2,369	14.17
Total valid votes			16,713	100.0
	Conservative hold		Swing		–5.48

v t e 1926 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	William Foster Garland	7,415	56.35	–1.09
	Liberal	Mortimer Newton Cummings	5,744	43.65	+1.09
Total valid votes			13,159	100.0
	Conservative hold		Swing		–1.09

v t e 1925 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	William Foster Garland	7,757	57.44	+16.15
	Liberal	Mortimer Newton Cummings	5,748	42.56	+11.67
Total valid votes			13,505	100.0
	Conservative hold		Swing		+2.24

v t e 1921 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	William Foster Garland	5,537	41.29	–25.18
	Liberal	William Lochead Gourlay	4,142	30.89	–2.64
	Progressive	Bower Henry	3,474	25.91
	Independent	Edward Hill Good	257	1.92
Total valid votes			13,410	100.0
	Conservative hold		Swing		–11.27

v t e 1917 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Government (Unionist)	George Boyce	5,290	66.47	+0.33
	Opposition (Laurier Liberals)	Frederick Henry Honeywell	2,669	33.53	–0.33
Total valid votes			7,959	100.0
	Government (Unionist) hold		Swing		+0.33

Canadian federal by-election, 30 October 1912 On the death of Edward Kidd, 16 September 1912
Party	Candidate	Votes
	Conservative	William Foster Garland	acclaimed

v t e 1911 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Edward Kidd	2,616	66.14	–1.14
	Liberal	Donald Hector MacLean	1,339	33.86	+1.14
Total valid votes			3,955	100.0
	Conservative hold		Swing		–1.14

Canadian federal by-election, 22 February 1909 On the election of Robert Borden to Halifax and Carleton, and his choosing to sit for Halifax, 25 January 1909
Party	Candidate	Votes
	Conservative	Edward Kidd	acclaimed

v t e 1908 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Elected
	Conservative	Robert Borden	2,667	67.28	+3.72	Y
	Liberal	James Ernest Caldwell	1,297	32.72	–3.72
Total valid votes			3,964	100.0
	Conservative hold		Swing		+3.72
Source(s) "Carleton, Ontario (1867-08-06 - 1968-04-22)". History of Federal Ridings Since 1867. Library of Parliament. Retrieved March 24, 2020.

v t e Canadian federal by-election, February 4, 1905 On the resignation of Edward Kidd, January 19, 1905
Party	Candidate	Votes	Elected
	Conservative	Robert Borden	acclaimed	Y
Total valid votes			–	–
Source(s) "Carleton, Ontario (1867-08-06 - 1968-04-22)". History of Federal Ridings Since 1867. Library of Parliament. Retrieved March 24, 2020.

v t e 1904 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Edward Kidd	2,055	63.56	–1.01
	Liberal	James E. Caldwell	1,178	36.44	+1.01
Total valid votes			3,233	100.0
	Conservative hold		Swing		–1.01

v t e 1900 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Edward Kidd	1,611	64.57	+17.06
	Liberal	John McKellar	884	35.43	–4.66
Total valid votes			2,495	100.0
	Conservative hold		Swing		+10.86

v t e 1896 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	William Thomas Hodgins	1,337	47.51	–3.22
	Liberal	John McKellar	1,128	40.09
	Independent	J.S. Hendricks	299	10.63
	McCarthyite	Thomas Butler	50	1.78
Total valid votes			2,814	100.0
	Conservative hold		Swing

v t e 1891 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	William Thomas Hodgins	1,494	50.73
	Conservative	George Lemuel Dickinson	1,451	49.27	–12.30
Total valid votes			2,945	100.0
	Conservative hold		Swing

Canadian federal by-election, 1 February 1888 On the election of John A. Macdonald to sit for Kingston
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	George Lemuel Dickinson	1,524	61.57
	Unknown	W. F. Powell	951	38.42
Total valid votes			2,475	100.0
	Conservative gain from Liberal–Conservative		Swing

v t e 1887 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%
	Liberal–Conservative	John A. Macdonald (incumbent)	1,691	73.62
	Liberal	John K. Stewart	606	26.38
Total valid votes			2,297
Source(s) Library of Parliament – History of Federal Ridings since 1867: Carleton

v t e 1882 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%
	Liberal–Conservative	John A. Macdonald	1,185	48.75
	Independent Conservative	John May [14]	629	25.87
	Liberal	Erskine Henry Bronson [14]	617	25.38
Total valid votes			2,431
Source(s) Library of Parliament – History of Federal Ridings since 1867: Carleton

v t e 1878 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	John Rochester	1,282	49.73	+2.65
	Unknown	John May	1,196	46.39
	Unknown	J. A. Grant	86	3.34
	Unknown	Nicholas Sparks Jr.	14	0.54
Total valid votes			2,578	100.0
	Conservative hold		Swing

v t e 1874 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	John Rochester	870	47.08	–5.89
	Unknown	John Holmes	631	34.15	–12.46
	Unknown	J. Wallace	347	18.78
Total valid votes			1,848	100.0
	Conservative hold		Swing		+3.28

v t e 1872 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	John Rochester	1,024	52.97	+4.91
	Unknown	John Holmes	901	46.61	–5.33
	Unknown	William Montgomery	6	0.31
	Unknown	J. Mills	2	0.10
Total valid votes			1,933	100.0
	Conservative gain from Liberal–Conservative		Swing		+5.12
Source: Canadian Elections Database [15]

v t e 1867 Canadian federal election
Party	Candidate	Votes	%
	Liberal–Conservative	John Holmes	1,087	51.94
	Conservative	John Rochester	1,006	48.06
Total valid votes			2,093	100.0
Source: Canadian Elections Database [16]

See also

• List of Canadian federal electoral districts
• Historical federal electoral districts of Canada
• Canadian federal electoral redistribution, 2012

Notes

1. Statistic includes all persons that did not make up part of a visible minority or an indigenous identity.
2. Statistic includes total responses of "West Asian" and "Arab" under visible minority section on census.
3. Statistic includes total responses of "Chinese", "Korean", and "Japanese" under visible minority section on census.
4. Statistic includes total responses of "Filipino" and "Southeast Asian" under visible minority section on census.
5. Statistic includes total responses of "Visible minority, n.i.e." and "Multiple visible minorities" under visible minority section on census.

References

1. Statistics Canada: 2011
2. Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (February 9, 2022). "Profile table, Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population - Carleton [Federal electoral district (2013 Representation Order)], Ontario". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved March 8, 2023.
3. Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (October 26, 2022). "Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved January 6, 2024.
4. Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (October 27, 2021). "Census Profile, 2016 Census". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved January 6, 2024.
5. Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (November 27, 2015). "NHS Profile". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved January 6, 2024.
6. "Federal electoral districts redistribution 2022" . Retrieved March 9, 2024.
7. "List of confirmed candidates – September 20, 2021 Federal Election". Elections Canada . Retrieved September 2, 2021.
8. "Election Night Results – Electoral Districts". Elections Canada . Retrieved September 24, 2021.
9. "Candidate Campaign Returns". Elections Canada . Retrieved July 19, 2022.
10. "Transposition of Votes from the 44th General Election to the 2023 Representation Orders". Elections Canada . Retrieved April 9, 2024.
11. "List of confirmed candidates". Elections Canada. Retrieved October 3, 2019.
12. "Election Night Results". Elections Canada. Retrieved October 26, 2019.
13. Pundits' Guide to Canadian Elections
14. "The Political Campaign". Montreal Gazette. June 14, 1882. p. 5. Retrieved June 8, 2023.
15. Sayers, Anthony M. "1872 Federal Election". Canadian Elections Database. Archived from the original on February 3, 2024.
16. Sayers, Anthony M. "1867 Federal Election". Canadian Elections Database. Archived from the original on January 22, 2024.

External links

• Riding history from the Library of Parliament

45°10′08″N75°38′13″W / 45.169°N 75.637°W / 45.169; -75.637