2022 Canadian federal electoral redistribution

Last updated

A redistribution of federal electoral districts ("ridings") began in Canada following the results of the 2021 Canadian census. The Constitution of Canada requires that federal electoral districts that compose the House of Commons undergo a redistribution of boundaries following each decennial Canadian census. [1] The redistribution process began in October 2021; it was completed in October 2023. [2] It is based on data obtained during the 2021 Canadian census. [3] It is also based on the practice of giving each district only one member, which has been in effect since the 1968 election. [4]

Contents

The changes to the federal electoral district boundaries take effect for the 2025 Canadian federal election, which will be the first general election called after April 22, 2024. [5] [6] If the election had been called before the new electoral boundaries were established, that election would have occurred using the existing electoral district boundaries, which had been in effect since the 2015 federal election was called on August 4, 2015. [7] [8]

The redistribution formula for federal electoral districts is set out in Section 51 of the Constitution Act, 1867 . [9] The formula in Section 51 was amended to its current form in 2022 by the Preserving Provincial Representation in the House of Commons Act . Section 52 permits additional seats to be added to the House of Commons provided proportionate representation between the provinces is maintained. [9]

Under the Electoral Boundaries Readjustment Act , to redistribute the electoral boundaries within each province, ten independent electoral boundary commissions will be established, one for each province. The commissions are composed of three members, one appointed by the chief justice of each province, and two members appointed by the speaker of the House of Commons. [10] [11] Nunavut, the Northwest Territories and Yukon do not require commissions as each territory is allotted only a single member in the House of Commons, resulting in the entirety of each territory being a single electoral district. [1] [12]

Allocation of seats

Initial proposal

The initial allocation of seats to the provinces and territories was based on rules in the Constitution of Canada established in 2012 by the Fair Representation Act , as well as estimates of the Canadian population on July 1, 2021, made by Statistics Canada. [3] The chief electoral officer announced the allocation of seats on October 15, 2021. [5]

Allocation of seats in the House of Commons under the Fair Representation Act
Province or territory2012 redistributionInitial 2022 seat allocation [5] Change
Ontario 1211221 Increase2.svg
Quebec 78771 Decrease2.svg
British Columbia 42431 Increase2.svg
Alberta 34373 Increase2.svg
Manitoba 1414Steady2.svg
Saskatchewan 1414Steady2.svg
Nova Scotia 1111Steady2.svg
New Brunswick 1010Steady2.svg
Newfoundland and Labrador 77Steady2.svg
Prince Edward Island 44Steady2.svg
Northwest Territories 11Steady2.svg
Nunavut 11Steady2.svg
Yukon 11Steady2.svg
Canada3383424Increase2.svg

Final apportionment

Notwithstanding the chief electoral officer's announcement, Parliament retained certain powers to amend the Constitution Act, 1867 and thus the redistricting process. [13] Such a change occurred during the 2012 redistribution. [12] Amendments affecting proportionate representation between the provinces, however, required support of seven provinces representing at least 50 percent of the population of Canada. [13]

Several days after the chief electoral officer's announcement of the allocation, Quebec provincial minister of justice Sonia LeBel said that Quebec's "special status" as Canada's "only francophone province" meant that the province must not lose any seats. [14] [15] LeBel said the province represents one of the "founding peoples of Canada", saying that represents much more than "a simple calculation of population". [15] In November 2021, both the Premier of Quebec François Legault and the opposition Bloc Québécois (BQ) also called for Quebec to maintain its current number of seats of 78. [16] [17]

The same month, The Toronto Star editorial board called for further seats to be added in Ontario, British Columbia and Alberta, to provide fair representation for voters in those provinces. [18] It also said calls to institute a minimum threshold of seats for Quebec should be rejected. [18] The Globe and Mail's editorial board also called on Parliament to add additional seats to ensure the principle of "one person, one vote" would be realized. [19]

On February 8, 2022, BQ shadow minister Martin Champoux introduced a private member's bill entitled An Act to amend the Constitution Act, 1867 (representation in the House of Commons). [20] The bill proposed that Quebec would be guaranteed never to be allotted less than 25% of the seats in the House. This had previously been a provision in the failed 1992 Charlottetown Accord. The bill was defeated at second reading on June 8, 2022, by a vote of 51 to 264, with the BQ and New Democratic Party (NDP) voting for the bill, and the Liberals and Conservatives voting against it. [21]

On March 2, 2022, the House of Commons called for the rules for apportioning seats to be amended in a non-binding motion. [22] [23] [24] The motion was introduced by the Bloc to avoid Quebec losing a seat in the House of Commons. [25] Following the vote, the government announced it would reject any scenario where Quebec loses a seat and would be working on a way to ensure the existing number of Quebec seats would be maintained. [23] Following the announcement, Conservative MP Michelle Rempel Garner said that the decision could contribute to western alienation and raised new questions about Canada's electoral system. [26] She said Conservatives should consider advocating for the adoption of proportional representation. [25] [26]

On March 24, 2022, the government tabled legislation to prevent Quebec (or any other province) from losing any seats relative to the number of seats it was apportioned in 2012 Canadian federal electoral redistribution. [27] [28] Bill C-14 amended Rule 2 of subsection 51(1) of the Constitution Act, 1867 , commonly known as the "grandfather clause". [29] [30] The Bill passed the House of Commons on June 15, 2022, [31] passed the Senate on June 21, 2022, [32] and received royal assent on June 23, 2022. [33]

The chief electoral officer announced the new allocation of seats under the Preserving Provincial Representation in the House of Commons Act on July 8, 2022. [34]

Allocation of seats in the House of Commons under the Preserving Provincial Representation in the House of Commons Act
Province or territory2012 redistribution2022 seat allocationAverage population
per electoral district		Change
Ontario 121122116,5901 Increase2.svg
Quebec 7878108,998Steady2.svg
British Columbia 4243116,3001 Increase2.svg
Alberta 3437115,2063 Increase2.svg
Manitoba 141495,868Steady2.svg
Saskatchewan 141480,893Steady2.svg
Nova Scotia 111188,126Steady2.svg
New Brunswick 101077,561Steady2.svg
Newfoundland and Labrador 7772,935Steady2.svg
Prince Edward Island 4438,583Steady2.svg
Northwest Territories 1141,070Steady2.svg
Nunavut 1136,858Steady2.svg
Yukon 1140,232Steady2.svg
Canada338343107,8485Increase2.svg

Initial proposals

Alberta

On June 10, 2022, the Federal Electoral Boundaries Commission for Alberta released their initial proposal, proposing the following ridings: [35]

British Columbia

On May 2, 2022, the Federal Electoral Boundaries Commission for British Columbia released their initial proposal, proposing the following ridings: [36]

Manitoba

On June 16, 2022, the Federal Electoral Boundaries Commission for Manitoba released their initial proposal, proposing the following ridings: [38]

New Brunswick

On June 16, 2022, the Federal Electoral Boundaries Commission for New Brunswick released their initial proposal, proposing the following ridings: [39]

Newfoundland and Labrador

On June 28, 2022, the Federal Electoral Boundaries Commission for Newfoundland and Labrador released their initial proposal, proposing the following ridings: [40]

Nova Scotia

On April 27, 2022, the Federal Electoral Boundaries Commission for Nova Scotia released their initial proposal, proposing the following ridings: [41]

Ontario

On August 19, 2022, the Federal Electoral Boundaries Commission for Ontario released their initial proposal, proposing the following ridings: [42]

Prince Edward Island

On May 2, 2022, the Federal Electoral Boundaries Commission for Prince Edward Island released their initial proposal, proposing the following ridings: [43]

Quebec

On July 29, 2022, the Federal Electoral Boundaries Commission for Quebec released their initial proposal, proposing the following ridings: [44]

Saskatchewan

On May 9, 2022, the Federal Electoral Boundaries Commission for Saskatchewan released their initial proposal, proposing the following ridings: [45]

Public hearings

The publication of the initial proposals by each of the Boundary Commissions was followed by 150 virtual and in person public hearings.

ProvincePublication of initial proposalPublic hearingsNo. of public hearingsPublication of final report [a]
Newfoundland and LabradorJune 28, 2022August 15, 2022 – September 16, 2022 [46] 15 [46] December 7, 2022
Prince Edward IslandMay 2, 2022June 7, 2022 – June 9, 2022 [47] 3 [47] November 29, 2022
Nova ScotiaApril 27, 2022May 30, 2022 – June 27, 2022 [48] 9 [48] November 17, 2022
New BrunswickJune 16, 2022September 7, 2022 – September 29, 2022 [49] 9 [b] [49] November 30, 2022
QuebecJuly 29, 2022September 6, 2022 – October 13, 2022 [50] 20 [b] [50] February 1, 2023
OntarioAugust 19, 2022September 26, 2022 – November 8, 2022 [51] 23 [51] February 10, 2023
ManitobaJune 16, 2022September 7, 2022 – September 22, 2022 [52] 4 [c] [52] December 6, 2022
SaskatchewanMay 9, 2022June 20, 2022 – July 14, 2022 [53] 15 [53] December 6, 2022
AlbertaJune 10, 2022September 6, 2022 – October 14, 2022 [54] 25 [54] February 2, 2023
British ColumbiaMay 2, 2022June 6, 2022 – September 29, 2022 [55] 27 [55] February 8, 2023

Final report

Alberta

On February 2, 2023, the Federal Electoral Boundaries Commission for Alberta released their final report, submitting to the House of Commons the following ridings: [56]

British Columbia

On February 8, 2023, the Federal Electoral Boundaries Commission for British Columbia released their final report, submitting to the House of Commons the following ridings: [57]

Manitoba

On December 6, 2022, the Federal Electoral Boundaries Commission for Manitoba released their final report, submitting to the House of Commons the following ridings: [58]

New Brunswick

On November 30, 2022, the Federal Electoral Boundaries Commission for New Brunswick released their final report, submitting to the House of Commons the following ridings: [59]

Newfoundland and Labrador

On December 7, 2022, the Federal Electoral Boundaries Commission for Newfoundland and Labrador released their final report, submitting to the House of Commons the following ridings: [60]

Nova Scotia

On November 17, 2022, the Federal Electoral Boundaries Commission for Nova Scotia released their final report, submitting to the House of Commons the following ridings: [61]

Ontario

On February 10, 2023, the Federal Electoral Boundaries Commission for Ontario released their final report, submitting to the House of Commons the following ridings: [62]

Prince Edward Island

On November 29, 2022, the Federal Electoral Boundaries Commission for Prince Edward Island released their final report, submitting to the House of Commons the following ridings: [63] The map is nearly identical to the commission's initial proposal, save for a small part of what had been the North Shore Fire District located west of Highway 25 and north of Highway 2 being transferred to Charlottetown. This area was annexed into the City of Charlottetown in June 2022. [64]

Quebec

On February 1, 2023, the Federal Electoral Boundaries Commission for Quebec released their final report, submitting to the House of Commons the following ridings: [65]

Saskatchewan

On December 6, 2022, the Federal Electoral Boundaries Commission for Saskatchewan released their final report, submitting to the House of Commons the following ridings: [66]

Objections from MPs

After the publication of each commissions final report, the reports were referred to the House of Commons Standing Committee on Procedure and House Affairs. MPs could file written objections to a report with the standing committee within 30 days of the tabling of the final report. Members had to specify the provisions objected to in the reports and the reasons for their objection, and objections had to be signed by at least 10 MPs. [3] [67]

After the filling deadline, the standing committee had 30 days to consider the objections, with a 30-day extension available, after which the reports along with a copy of all the objections, including those the committee did not support, were returned to the commissions through the speaker of the House of Commons. [3] [67]

The commissions had to consider the objections within the following 30 days, but they were not compelled to make any changes as a result of the objections. [67]

New Brunswick

The standing committee completed its consideration of the New Brunswick Final Report on February 16, 2023, and reported the objection back to the House of Commons on March 20, 2023. [71] [69]

Newfoundland and Labrador

There were no MP objections to the Newfoundland and Labrador Final Report. [72]

The standing committee completed its consideration of the Newfoundland and Labrador Final Report on January 31, 2023, and reported the lack of objections back to the House of Commons on February 8, 2023. [73] [72]

Nova Scotia

The Federal Electoral Boundaries Commission for Nova Scotia dismissed all four objections. [75]

The standing committee completed its consideration of the Nova Scotia Final Report on February 14, 2023, and reported the objections back to the House of Commons on March 20, 2023. [71] [74]

Prince Edward Island

There were no MP objections to the Prince Edward Island Final Report. [76]

The standing committee completed its consideration of the Prince Edward Island Final Report on January 31, 2023, and reported the lack of objections back to the House of Commons on February 8, 2023. [73] [76]

Manitoba

The standing committee completed its consideration of the Manitoba Final Report on February 16, 2023, and reported the objections back to the House of Commons on March 20, 2023. [80] [78]

Saskatchewan

The standing committee completed its consideration of the Saskatchewan Final Report on February 16, 2023, and reported the objections back to the House of Commons on March 20, 2023. [80] [81]

Submissions to the House of Commons

Alberta

On July 20, 2023, the Federal Electoral Boundaries Commission for Alberta completed its work, with the final report as submitted to the House of Commons being considered final. [83]

British Columbia

On July 20, 2023, the Federal Electoral Boundaries Commission for British Columbia completed its work, with the final report as submitted to the House of Commons being considered final. [84]

Manitoba

On April 26, 2023, the Federal Electoral Boundaries Commission for Manitoba completed its work, with the final report as submitted to the House of Commons being considered final. [85] Only one minor change was approved after the final report.

New Brunswick

On April 18, 2023, the Federal Electoral Boundaries Commission for New Brunswick completed its work, with the final report as submitted to the House of Commons being considered final. [86]

Newfoundland and Labrador

On March 23, 2023, the Federal Electoral Boundaries Commission for Newfoundland and Labrador completed its work, with the final report as submitted to the House of Commons being considered final. [60] [87]

Nova Scotia

On April 26, 2023, the Federal Electoral Boundaries Commission for Nova Scotia completed its work, with the final report as submitted to the House of Commons being considered final. [88]

Ontario

On July 20, 2023, the Federal Electoral Boundaries Commission for Ontario completed its work, with the final report as submitted to the House of Commons being considered final. [89]

Prince Edward Island

On March 23, 2023, the Federal Electoral Boundaries Commission for Prince Edward Island completed its work, with the final report as submitted to the House of Commons being considered final. [63] [90]

Quebec

On June 22, 2023, the Federal Electoral Boundaries Commission for Quebec completed its work, with the final report as submitted to the House of Commons being considered final. [91]

Saskatchewan

On April 26, 2023, the Federal Electoral Boundaries Commission for Saskatchewan completed its work, with the final report as submitted to the House of Commons being considered final. [92] There were two modifications from the final report.

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ The 10 month deadline to publish the final report for all commissions except Quebec was December 9, 2022, with a 2 month extension to February 9, 2023, available to commissions that requested it.
  2. 1 2 Two public hearings were cancelled
  3. ↑ One public hearing was cancelled

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References

Citations

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  2. ↑ @FedBoundaries (October 6, 2023). "The redistribution process is complete! We are saying goodbye to this account, and it will no longer be active. Want to keep receiving information about the electoral process? Give @ElectionsCan_E a follow" (Tweet). Archived from the original on October 9, 2023 – via Twitter.
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  5. 1 2 3 "New House of Commons Seat Allocation" (Press release). Gatineau: Elections Canada. October 15, 2021. Archived from the original on October 15, 2021. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
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  9. 1 2 The Constitution Act, 1867, 30 & 31 Victoria (U.K.), c. 3, https://canlii.ca/t/ldsw retrieved on March 14, 2019.
  10. ↑ Canada, Elections (August 13, 2021). "The role of the electoral boundaries commissions in the federal redistribution process". www.elections.ca. Archived from the original on August 18, 2021. Retrieved August 16, 2021.
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  12. 1 2 Qualter, Terence; Wilson, John (September 18, 2015). "Redistribution of Federal Electoral Districts". The Canadian Encyclopedia . Archived from the original on November 5, 2021. Retrieved November 5, 2021.
  13. 1 2 Bryden, Joan (November 5, 2021). "Ottawa needs support from majority of provinces to guarantee Quebec's share of Commons seats". CBC News . Archived from the original on November 5, 2021. Retrieved November 5, 2021.
  14. ↑ Yakabuski, Konrad (October 20, 2021). "House of Commons redistribution proposal is a time bomb for Justin Trudeau". The Globe and Mail . Archived from the original on December 9, 2021. Retrieved December 8, 2021.
  15. 1 2 Lévesque, Catherine (October 20, 2021). "Quebec will push not to lose seat in House of Commons". The Montreal Gazette . Archived from the original on December 9, 2021. Retrieved December 8, 2021.
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  18. 1 2 Star Editorial Board (November 26, 2021). "Voters in Ontario, B.C. and Alberta don't get fair representation in Parliament. That must change". The Toronto Star . Archived from the original on December 8, 2021. Retrieved December 7, 2021.
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  28. ↑ Levitz, Stephanie (March 24, 2022). "Liberal-NDP deal might change which riding you are in". Toronto Star . Archived from the original on March 24, 2022. Retrieved March 25, 2022.
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  55. 1 2 "Public participation – British Columbia". Federal Electoral Districts Redistribution 2022. Archived from the original on December 18, 2022. Retrieved December 16, 2022.
  56. ↑ "New Federal Electoral Map for Alberta Tabled in the House of Commons". Federal Electoral Districts Redistribution 2022. February 2, 2023. Archived from the original on February 11, 2023. Retrieved February 11, 2023.
  57. ↑ "New Federal Electoral Map for British Columbia Tabled in the House of Commons". Federal Electoral Districts Redistribution 2022. February 8, 2023. Archived from the original on February 11, 2023. Retrieved February 11, 2023.
  58. ↑ "New Federal Electoral Map for Saskatchewan Tabled in the House of Commons". Federal Electoral Districts Redistribution 2022. December 6, 2022. Archived from the original on December 19, 2022. Retrieved December 19, 2022.
  59. ↑ "New Federal Electoral Map for New Brunswick Tabled in the House of Commons". Federal Electoral Districts Redistribution 2022. November 30, 2022. Archived from the original on December 1, 2022. Retrieved December 1, 2022.
  60. 1 2 "New Federal Electoral Map for Newfoundland and Labrador Tabled in the House of Commons". Federal Electoral Districts Redistribution 2022. December 7, 2022. Archived from the original on December 11, 2022. Retrieved December 21, 2022.
  61. ↑ "New Federal Electoral Map for Nova Scotia Tabled in the House of Commons". Federal Electoral Districts Redistribution 2022. November 17, 2022. Archived from the original on November 17, 2022. Retrieved November 17, 2022.
  62. ↑ "New Federal Electoral Map for Ontario Tabled in the House of Commons". Federal Electoral Districts Redistribution 2022. February 10, 2023. Archived from the original on February 11, 2023. Retrieved February 11, 2023.
  63. 1 2 "New Federal Electoral Map for Prince Edward Island Tabled in the House of Commons". Federal Electoral Districts Redistribution 2022. November 29, 2022. Archived from the original on November 29, 2022. Retrieved November 29, 2022.
  64. ↑ "City of Charlottetown to annex seven Marshfield properties". Saltwire. June 3, 2022. Archived from the original on November 29, 2022. Retrieved November 29, 2022.
  65. ↑ "Report – Quebec". Federal Electoral Districts Redistribution 2022. February 1, 2023. Archived from the original on February 1, 2023. Retrieved February 2, 2023.
  66. ↑ "New Federal Electoral Map for Saskatchewan Tabled in the House of Commons". Federal Electoral Districts Redistribution 2022. December 6, 2022. Archived from the original on December 6, 2022. Retrieved December 7, 2022.
  67. 1 2 3 Bosc, Marc; Gagnon, André (2017). "Consideration by the House". ourcommons.ca. House of Commons of Canada. Archived from the original on February 18, 2023. Retrieved February 18, 2023.
  68. 1 2 3 4 5 "EVIDENCE". ourcommons.ca. House of Commons of Canada. January 31, 2023. Archived from the original on February 18, 2023. Retrieved February 18, 2023.
  69. 1 2 Chagger, Bardish (March 20, 2023). "REPORT ON THE REPORT OF THE FEDERAL ELECTORAL BOUNDARIES COMMISSION FOR THE PROVINCE OF NEW BRUNSWICK, 2022" (PDF). ourcommons.ca. House of Commons of Canada. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 20, 2023. Retrieved March 20, 2023.
  70. ↑ "Addendum – Disposition of Objection". Federal Electoral Districts Redistribution 2022. April 14, 2023. Archived from the original on July 27, 2023. Retrieved April 18, 2023.
  71. 1 2 "MINUTES OF PROCEEDINGS". ourcommons.ca. House of Commons of Canada. February 14, 2023. Archived from the original on February 18, 2023. Retrieved February 18, 2023.
  72. 1 2 Chagger, Bardish (2023). "Twenty-third Report". ourcommons.ca. House of Commons of Canada. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved February 18, 2023.
  73. 1 2 "MINUTES OF PROCEEDINGS". ourcommons.ca. House of Commons of Canada. January 31, 2023. Archived from the original on February 18, 2023. Retrieved February 18, 2023.
  74. 1 2 3 4 5 Chagger, Bardish (March 20, 2023). "REPORT ON THE REPORT OF THE FEDERAL ELECTORAL BOUNDARIES COMMISSION FOR THE PROVINCE OF NOVA SCOTIA, 2022" (PDF). ourcommons.ca. House of Commons of Canada. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 20, 2023. Retrieved March 20, 2023.
  75. ↑ "Addendum – Disposition of Objection". Federal Electoral Districts Redistribution 2022. April 21, 2023. Archived from the original on August 10, 2023. Retrieved August 10, 2023.
  76. 1 2 Chagger, Bardish (2023). "Twenty-second Report". ourcommons.ca. House of Commons of Canada. Archived from the original on February 13, 2023. Retrieved February 18, 2023.
  77. 1 2 3 4 5 "EVIDENCE". ourcommons.ca. House of Commons of Canada. February 2, 2023. Archived from the original on February 18, 2023. Retrieved February 18, 2023.
  78. 1 2 3 Chagger, Bardish (March 20, 2023). "REPORT ON THE REPORT OF THE FEDERAL ELECTORAL BOUNDARIES COMMISSION FOR THE PROVINCE OF MANITOBA, 2022" (PDF). ourcommons.ca. House of Commons of Canada. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 20, 2023. Retrieved March 20, 2023.
  79. 1 2 "Addendum – Disposition of Objection". Federal Electoral Districts Redistribution 2022. April 21, 2023. Archived from the original on August 10, 2023. Retrieved August 10, 2023.
  80. 1 2 "MINUTES OF PROCEEDINGS". ourcommons.ca. House of Commons of Canada. February 16, 2023. Archived from the original on February 18, 2023. Retrieved February 18, 2023.
  81. 1 2 3 4 Chagger, Bardish (March 20, 2023). "REPORT ON THE REPORT OF THE FEDERAL ELECTORAL BOUNDARIES COMMISSION FOR THE PROVINCE OF SASKATCHEWAN, 2022" (PDF). ourcommons.ca. House of Commons of Canada. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 20, 2023. Retrieved March 20, 2023.
  82. 1 2 3 "Addendum – Disposition of Objection". Federal Electoral Districts Redistribution 2022. April 20, 2023. Archived from the original on August 10, 2023. Retrieved August 10, 2023.
  83. ↑ "New Federal Electoral Map for Alberta". Federal Electoral Districts Redistribution 2022. July 20, 2023. Archived from the original on July 27, 2023. Retrieved April 27, 2023.
  84. ↑ "New Federal Electoral Map for British Columbia". Federal Electoral Districts Redistribution 2022. July 20, 2023. Archived from the original on July 27, 2023. Retrieved July 26, 2023.
  85. ↑ "New Federal Electoral Map for Manitoba". Federal Electoral Districts Redistribution 2022. April 26, 2023. Archived from the original on May 12, 2023. Retrieved April 27, 2023.
  86. ↑ "New Federal Electoral Map for New Brunswick". Federal Electoral Districts Redistribution 2022. April 18, 2023. Archived from the original on April 18, 2023. Retrieved April 18, 2023.
  87. ↑ "New Federal Electoral Map for Newfoundland and Labrador". Federal Electoral Districts Redistribution 2022. March 23, 2023. Archived from the original on July 27, 2023. Retrieved March 27, 2023.
  88. ↑ "New Federal Electoral Map for Nova Scotia". Federal Electoral Districts Redistribution 2022. April 26, 2023. Archived from the original on May 13, 2023. Retrieved April 27, 2023.
  89. ↑ "New Federal Electoral Map for Ontario". Federal Electoral Districts Redistribution 2022. July 20, 2023. Archived from the original on July 21, 2023. Retrieved July 22, 2023.
  90. ↑ "New Federal Electoral Map for Prince Edward Island". Federal Electoral Districts Redistribution 2022. March 23, 2023. Archived from the original on March 27, 2023. Retrieved March 27, 2023.
  91. ↑ "Quebec's New Federal Electoral Map". Federal Electoral Districts Redistribution 2022. June 22, 2023. Archived from the original on June 22, 2023. Retrieved June 22, 2023.
  92. ↑ "New Federal Electoral Map for Saskatchewan". Federal Electoral Districts Redistribution 2022. April 26, 2023. Archived from the original on May 5, 2023. Retrieved April 27, 2023.

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