1898 Canadian prohibition plebiscite

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1898 Canadian prohibition plebiscite
Canadian Red Ensign (1868-1921).svg
29 September 1898 (1898-09-29)

Are you in favour of the passing of an Act prohibiting the importation, manufacture or sale of spirits, wine, ale, beer, cider and all other alcoholic liquors for use as beverages? [1]
Results
Choice
Votes %
Check-71-128-204-brightblue.svgYes278,38051.26%
Light brown x.svgNo264,69348.74%
Valid votes543,07398.43%
Invalid or blank votes8,6421.57%
Total votes551,715100.00%
Registered voters/turnout1,236,41944.62%

Canada 1898 Referendum.svg
Results by Results by jurisdiction.

A plebiscite on prohibition was held in Canada on 29 September 1898, the first national referendum in the country's history. [2] The Liberal government had made an election promise in 1896 to provide an opportunity for Canadians to register their opinions about the sale of alcohol. [3] The non-binding plebiscite saw 51.3% in favour of introducing prohibition, although turnout was only 44%. [4] A majority voted for its introduction in all provinces except Quebec, where 81.2% opposed it.

Contents

Despite the majority in favour, Prime Minister Wilfrid Laurier's government chose not to introduce a federal bill on prohibition, but not to prevent provinces from passing their own bills. Prohibition laws were passed by provincial governments during the first twenty years of the 20th century. The federal government also moved to ban inter-provincial (mail-order) sale of liquor in some cases.

A 2012 study found that religion was by far the most important factor in determining how Canadians voted, with Evangelicals favoring prohibition, whereas Catholics and Anglicans opposed it. [5] More urbanized districts were less likely to favor prohibition. [5]

Results

ChoiceVotes%
For278,38051.26
Against264,69348.74
Total543,073100.00
Valid votes543,07398.43
Invalid/blank votes8,6421.57
Total votes551,715100.00
Registered voters/turnout1,236,41944.62
Source: Direct Democracy [6]

By province and territory

Jurisdiction Check-71-128-204-brightblue.svg YesNo
Votes %Votes %
British Columbia 5,73154.644,75645.36
Manitoba 12,41980.662,97819.34
New Brunswick 26,91973.769,57526.24
Northwest Territories 6,23868.842,82431.16
Nova Scotia 34,36886.495,37013.51
Ontario 154,49857.27115,28442.73
Prince Edward Island 9,46189.201,14610.80
Quebec 28,43618.81122,76081.19
278,38051.26264,69348.74

See also

References

  1. "An Act Respecting the Prohibition of the Importation, Manufacture and Sale of Intoxicating Liquors". Senate and House of Commons Bills, 8th Parliament, 3rd Session, p. 599. Library of Parliament.
  2. "Referendum". The Canadian Encyclopedia
  3. Harry Thurston Peck (1899). The International Year Book. Dodd, Mead. p. 153.
  4. Alfred Emanuel Smith; Francis Walton (1898). New Outlook. Outlook publishing Company, Incorporated. p. 362.
  5. 1 2 Dostie, Benoit; Dupré, Ruth (2012-10-01). ""The people's will": Canadians and the 1898 referendum on alcohol prohibition". Explorations in Economic History. 49 (4): 498–515. doi:10.1016/j.eeh.2012.06.005.
  6. Direct Democracy

Further reading