969

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Millennium: 1st millennium
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
969 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar 969
CMLXIX
Ab urbe condita 1722
Armenian calendar 418
ԹՎ ՆԺԸ
Assyrian calendar 5719
Balinese saka calendar 890–891
Bengali calendar 376
Berber calendar 1919
Buddhist calendar 1513
Burmese calendar 331
Byzantine calendar 6477–6478
Chinese calendar 戊辰年 (Earth  Dragon)
3666 or 3459
     to 
己巳年 (Earth  Snake)
3667 or 3460
Coptic calendar 685–686
Discordian calendar 2135
Ethiopian calendar 961–962
Hebrew calendar 4729–4730
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat 1025–1026
 - Shaka Samvat 890–891
 - Kali Yuga 4069–4070
Holocene calendar 10969
Iranian calendar 347–348
Islamic calendar 358–359
Japanese calendar Anna 2
(安和2年)
Javanese calendar 870–871
Julian calendar 969
CMLXIX
Korean calendar 3302
Minguo calendar 943 before ROC
民前943年
Nanakshahi calendar −499
Seleucid era 1280/1281 AG
Thai solar calendar 1511–1512
Tibetan calendar 阳土龙年
(male Earth-Dragon)
1095 or 714 or −58
     to 
阴土蛇年
(female Earth-Snake)
1096 or 715 or −57
The coronation of John I Tzimiskes (969). Coronation of John Tzimiskes.jpg
The coronation of John I Tzimiskes (969).

Year 969 ( CMLXIX ) was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar, the 969th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 969th year of the 1st millennium, the 69th year of the 10th century, and the 10th and last year of the 960s decade.

Contents

Events

By place

Byzantine Empire

Europe

  • Peter I, emperor ( tsar ) of the Bulgarian Empire, suffers a stroke and abdicates the throne in favour of his eldest son Boris II. He arrives (after being an honorary hostage at Constantinople) in Preslav and is proclaimed as the new ruler. Boris regains lost territory from the Kievan Rus' and recaptures Pereyaslavets, an important trade city at the mouth of the Danube. [2]
  • Summer Grand Prince Sviatoslav I invades Bulgaria at the head of a Kievan army, which includes Pecheneg and Hungarian auxiliary forces. He defeats the Bulgarians in a major battle and retakes Pereyaslavets. Boris II capitulates and impales 300 Bulgarian boyars for disloyalty. Sviatoslav assigns garrisons to the conquered fortresses in Northern Bulgaria. [3]
  • Pandulf Ironhead, duke of Benevento and Capua, leads the siege of Bovino. He is captured by the Byzantines and taken in chains to Bari, and jailed in Constantinople. Neapolitan forces under Marinus II, duke of Naples, invade Benevento-Capua, capture the city of Avellino and then lay siege to Capua. [4]
  • Otto I 'the Great', Holy Roman Emperor, assembles a large expeditionary force at Pavia, joined by Spoletan troops. He counter-attacks, relieves the siege of Capua and devastates the area around Naples. Otto enters Benevento, where he is received as 'liberator' by Landulf IV and in the cities of Apulia (Southern Italy).

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Related Research Articles

The 1070s was a decade of the Julian Calendar which began on January 1, 1070, and ended on December 31, 1079.

The 920s decade ran from January 1, 920, to December 31, 929.

The 960s decade ran from January 1, 960, to December 31, 969.

The 970s decade ran from January 1, 970, to December 31, 979.

The 990s decade ran from January 1, 990, to December 31, 999.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">967</span> Calendar year

Year 967 (CMLXVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1078</span> Calendar year

Year 1078 (MLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">921</span> Calendar year

Year 921 (CMXXI) was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">963</span> Calendar year

Year 963 (CMLXIII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">968</span> Calendar year

Year 968 (CMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">998</span> Calendar year

Year 998 (CMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">958</span> Calendar year

Year 958 (CMLVIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">971</span> Calendar year

Year 971 (CMLXXI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">945</span> Calendar year

Year 945 (CMXLV) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nikephoros II Phokas</span> Byzantine emperor from 963 to 969

Nikephoros II Phokas, Latinized Nicephorus II Phocas, was Byzantine emperor from 963 to 969. His career, not uniformly successful in matters of statecraft or of war, nonetheless greatly contributed to the resurgence of the Byzantine Empire during the 10th century. In the east, Nikephoros completed the conquest of Cilicia and retook the islands of Crete and Cyprus, opening the path for subsequent Byzantine incursions reaching as far as Upper Mesopotamia and the Levant; these campaigns earned him the sobriquet "pale death of the Saracens".

This is an alphabetical index of people, places, things, and concepts related to or originating from the Byzantine Empire. Feel free to add more, and create missing pages. You can track changes to the articles included in this list from here.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Boris II of Bulgaria</span> Tsar of the First Bulgarian Empire from 969 to 977

Boris II was emperor (tsar) of Bulgaria from 969 to 977.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Byzantine–Bulgarian wars</span> Series of conflicts fought between the Byzantines and Bulgarians from 680 to 1355

The Byzantine–Bulgarian wars were a series of conflicts fought between the Byzantine Empire and Bulgaria which began after the Bulgars conquered parts of the Balkan peninsula after 680 AD. The Byzantine and First Bulgarian Empire continued to clash over the next century with variable success, until the Bulgarians, led by Krum, inflicted a series of crushing defeats on the Byzantines. After Krum died in 814, his son Omurtag negotiated a thirty-year peace treaty. Simeon I had multiple successful campaigns against the Byzantines during his rule from 893 to 927. His son Peter I negotiated another long-lasting peace treaty. His rule was followed by a period of decline of the Bulgarian state.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Byzantine conquest of Bulgaria</span> Invasion of the First Bulgarian Empire (968–1018)

From c. 970 until 1018, a series of conflicts between the Bulgarian Empire and the Byzantine Empire led to the gradual reconquest of Bulgaria by the Byzantines, who thus re-established their control over the entire Balkan peninsula for the first time since the 7th-century Slavic invasions. The struggle began with the incorporation of eastern Bulgaria after the Russo-Byzantine War (970–971). Bulgarian resistance was led by the Cometopuli brothers, who – based in the unconquered western regions of the Bulgarian Empire – led it until its fall under Byzantine rule in 1018.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sviatoslav's invasion of Bulgaria</span> Conflict between the Kievan Rus and the First Bulgarian Empire from 967/968 to 971

Sviatoslav's invasion of Bulgaria refers to a conflict beginning in 967/968 and ending in 971, carried out in the eastern Balkans, and involving the Kievan Rus', Bulgaria, and the Byzantine Empire. The Byzantines encouraged the Rus' ruler Sviatoslav to attack Bulgaria, leading to the defeat of the Bulgarian forces and the occupation of the northern and north-eastern part of the country by the Rus' for the following two years. The allies then turned against each other, and the ensuing military confrontation ended with a Byzantine victory. The Rus' withdrew and eastern Bulgaria was incorporated into the Byzantine Empire.

References

  1. Reuter, Timothy (1999). The New Cambridge Medieval History, Volume III, p. 594. ISBN   978-0-521-36447-8.
  2. Fine, John V. A. Jr. (1991) [1983]. The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelfth Century. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. p. 184. ISBN   0-472-08149-7..
  3. Reuter, Timothy (1999). The New Cambridge Medieval History, Volume III, p. 584. ISBN   978-0-521-36447-8.
  4. Gay, Jules (1904). L'Italie méridionale et l'empire Byzantin: Livre II. New York: Burt Franklin.
  5. Brett, Michael (2002). "The Fatimid Revolution (861-973) and its aftermath in North Africa". The Cambridge History of Africa, Vol. 2 ed. J. D. Fage; Roland Anthony Oliver. Cambridge University Press. p. 622.