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A microorganism, or microbe, is an organism of microscopic size, which may exist in its single-celled form or as a colony of cells.
Pseudomonadota is a major phylum of Gram-negative bacteria. Currently, they are considered the predominant phylum within the realm of bacteria. They are naturally found as pathogenic and free-living (non-parasitic) genera. The phylum comprises six classes Acidithiobacillia, Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Hydrogenophilia, and Zetaproteobacteria. The Pseudomonadota are widely diverse, with differences in morphology, metabolic processes, relevance to humans, and ecological influence.
Bacteriology is the branch and specialty of biology that studies the morphology, ecology, genetics and biochemistry of bacteria as well as many other aspects related to them. This subdivision of microbiology involves the identification, classification, and characterization of bacterial species. Because of the similarity of thinking and working with microorganisms other than bacteria, such as protozoa, fungi, and viruses, there has been a tendency for the field of bacteriology to extend as microbiology. The terms were formerly often used interchangeably. However, bacteriology can be classified as a distinct science.
Bacilli is a taxonomic class of bacteria that includes two orders, Bacillales and Lactobacillales, which contain several well-known pathogens such as Bacillus anthracis. Bacilli are almost exclusively gram-positive bacteria.
The Eubacteriales are an order of bacteria placed within the class Clostridia.
The Oceanospirillales are an order of Pseudomonadota with ten families.
The Deferribacteraceae are a family of gram-negative bacteria which make energy by anaerobic respiration.
The International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes (ICNP) or Prokaryotic Code, formerly the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria (ICNB) or Bacteriological Code (BC), governs the scientific names for Bacteria and Archaea. It denotes the rules for naming taxa of bacteria, according to their relative rank. As such it is one of the nomenclature codes of biology.
Campylobacterota are a phylum of Gram-negative bacteria. Until the 2021 revision of bacterial taxonomy by the ICSP, the entire phylum was classified within the Proteobacteria as the Epsilonproteobacteria and the Desulfurellales. The separation of this phylum from "Proteobacteria" was originally proposed in 2017, using GTDB-based methods.
Bacteria are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one biological cell. They constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria were among the first life forms to appear on Earth, and are present in most of its habitats. Bacteria inhabit the air, soil, water, acidic hot springs, radioactive waste, and the deep biosphere of Earth's crust. Bacteria play a vital role in many stages of the nutrient cycle by recycling nutrients and the fixation of nitrogen from the atmosphere. The nutrient cycle includes the decomposition of dead bodies; bacteria are responsible for the putrefaction stage in this process. In the biological communities surrounding hydrothermal vents and cold seeps, extremophile bacteria provide the nutrients needed to sustain life by converting dissolved compounds, such as hydrogen sulphide and methane, to energy. Bacteria also live in mutualistic, commensal and parasitic relationships with plants and animals. Most bacteria have not been characterised and there are many species that cannot be grown in the laboratory. The study of bacteria is known as bacteriology, a branch of microbiology.
Pathogenic bacteria are bacteria that can cause disease. This article focuses on the bacteria that are pathogenic to humans. Most species of bacteria are harmless and many are beneficial but others can cause infectious diseases. The number of these pathogenic species in humans is estimated to be fewer than a hundred. By contrast, several thousand species are part of the gut flora present in the digestive tract.
Nitrospirota is a phylum of bacteria. It includes multiple genera, such as Nitrospira, the largest. The first member of this phylum, Nitrospira marina, was discovered in 1985. The second member, Nitrospira moscoviensis, was discovered in 1995.
Anaerolinea is a bacterial genus from the family of Anaerolineaceae.
Flexilinea is a bacterial genus from the family of Anaerolineaceae with one known species. Flexilinea flocculi has been isolated from methanogenic granular sludge.
Leptolinea is a bacteria genus from the family of Anaerolineaceae with one known species.
Levilinea is a bacteria genus from the family of Anaerolineaceae with one known species.
Longilinea is a bacteria genus from the family of Anaerolineaceae with one known species.
Pelolinea is a bacteria genus from the family of Anaerolineaceae with one known species. Pelolinea submarina has been isolated from marine sediments from the Shimokita Peninsula.
Thermanaerothrix is a bacteria genus from the family of Anaerolineaceae with one known species. Thermanaerothrix daxensis has been isolated from water from the Saint-Christophe spring in France.
Thermomarinilinea is a bacteria genus from the family of Anaerolineaceae with one known species.
References
- 1 2 "Brevefilum". www.uniprot.org.
- ↑ McIlroy, SJ; Kirkegaard, RH; Dueholm, MS; Fernando, E; Karst, SM; Albertsen, M; Nielsen, PH (2017). "Culture-Independent Analyses Reveal Novel Anaerolineaceae as Abundant Primary Fermenters in Anaerobic Digesters Treating Waste Activated Sludge". Frontiers in Microbiology. 8: 1134. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01134 . PMC 5481317 . PMID 28690595.
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