Demographics of Alabama

Last updated December 06, 2024

The 2010 census estimated Alabama's population at 4,802,740, an increase of 332,636 or 7.5% since 2000. This includes a natural increase of 87,818 (375,808 births minus 287,990 deaths) and a net migration of 73,178 people into the state. Immigration from outside the United States resulted in a net increase of 30,537 and migration within the country produced a net increase of 42,641.

Historical population
Year	Pop.	±%
1800	1,250	—
1810	9,046	+623.7%
1820	144,317	+1495.4%
1830	309,527	+114.5%
1840	590,756	+90.9%
1850	771,623	+30.6%
1860	964,201	+25.0%
1870	996,992	+3.4%
1880	1,262,505	+26.6%
1890	1,513,401	+19.9%
1900	1,828,697	+20.8%
1910	2,138,093	+16.9%
1920	2,348,174	+9.8%
1930	2,646,248	+12.7%
1940	2,832,961	+7.1%
1950	3,061,743	+8.1%
1960	3,266,740	+6.7%
1970	3,444,165	+5.4%
1980	3,893,888	+13.1%
1990	4,040,587	+3.8%
2000	4,447,100	+10.1%
2010	4,779,736	+7.5%
2020	5,024,279	+5.1%
Sources: 1820^[2], 1910–2020^[3]

Population

The 2010 census estimated Alabama's population at 4,802,740, an increase of 332,636 or 7.5% since 2000. This includes a natural increase of 87,818 (375,808 births minus 287,990 deaths) and a net migration of 73,178 people into the state. Immigration from outside the United States resulted in a net increase of 30,537 and migration within the country produced a net increase of 42,641.

In 2006 Alabama had a larger percentage of tobacco smokers than the national average, with 23% of adults smoking.^[1]

The racial makeup of the state and comparison to the prior census:

Demographics of Alabama (csv)
By race	White	Black	AIAN*	Asian	NHPI*
2000 (total population)	72.56%	26.33%	1.00%	0.89%	0.07%
2000 (Hispanic only)	1.48%	0.18%	0.04%	0.02%	0.01%
2005 (total population)	72.14%	26.70%	0.98%	1.02%	0.07%
2005 (Hispanic only)	2.08%	0.17%	0.05%	0.03%	0.01%
Growth 2000–05 (total population)	1.90%	3.95%	-0.06%	17.43%	4.90%
Growth 2000–05 (non-Hispanic only)	1.02%	3.97%	-0.55%	17.47%	6.67%
Growth 2000–05 (Hispanic only)	43.85%	1.05%	11.46%	16.20%	-2.17%
* AIAN is American Indian or Alaskan Native; NHPI is Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander

2020 census

Autauga County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	41,582	70.71%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	11,352	19.3%
Native American	184	0.31%
Asian	873	1.48%
Pacific Islander	22	0.04%
Other/Mixed	2,675	4.55%
Hispanic or Latino	2,117	3.6%

Baldwin County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	186,495	80.47%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	18,001	7.77%
Native American	1,291	0.56%
Asian	2,029	0.88%
Pacific Islander	122	0.05%
Other/Mixed	11,143	4.81%
Hispanic or Latino	12,686	5.47%

Barbour County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	11,086	43.95%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	11,850	46.98%
Native American	58	0.23%
Asian	103	0.41%
Other/Mixed	616	2.44%
Hispanic or Latino	1,510	5.99%

Bibb County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	16,442	73.75%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	4,390	19.69%
Native American	39	0.17%
Asian	26	0.12%
Pacific Islander	9	0.04%
Other/Mixed	647	2.9%
Hispanic or Latino	740	3.32%

Blount County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	49,764	84.15%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	826	1.4%
Native American	188	0.32%
Asian	174	0.29%
Pacific Islander	11	0.02%
Other/Mixed	2,400	4.06%
Hispanic or Latino	5,771	9.76%

Bullock County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	2,281	22.02%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	7,388	71.33%
Native American	1	0.01%
Asian	9	0.09%
Pacific Islander	7	0.07%
Other/Mixed	168	1.62%
Hispanic or Latino	503	4.86%

Butler County Racial Composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	9,679	50.81%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	8,389	44.03%
Native American	23	0.12%
Asian	143	0.75%
Pacific Islander	5	0.03%
Other/Mixed	552	2.9%
Hispanic or Latino	250	1.36%

Calhoun County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	79,519	68.29%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	25,365	21.78%
Native American	386	0.33%
Asian	1,164	1.0%
Pacific Islander	112	0.1%
Other/Mixed	4,885	4.2%
Hispanic or Latino	5,010	4.3%

Chambers County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	18,616	53.54%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	13,441	38.65%
Native American	71	0.2%
Asian	385	1.11%
Pacific Islander	11	0.03%
Other/Mixed	1,011	2.91%
Hispanic or Latino	1,237	3.56%

Cherokee County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	22,563	90.36%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	987	3.95%
Native American	109	0.44%
Asian	55	0.22%
Pacific Islander	1	0.0%
Other/Mixed	856	3.43%
Hispanic or Latino	400	1.6%

Chilton County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	34,878	77.48%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	4,040	8.97%
Native American	112	0.25%
Asian	176	0.39%
Pacific Islander	5	0.01%
Other/Mixed	1,385	3.08%
Hispanic or Latino	4,418	9.81%

Choctaw County Racial Composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	7,039	55.58%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	5,217	41.19%
Native American	24	0.19
Asian	19	0.15%
Other/Mixed	253	2.0%
Hispanic or Latino	113	0.89%

Clarke County Racial Composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	11,970	51.85%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	10,223	44.28%
Native American	74	0.32%
Asian	91	0.39%
Pacific Islander	1	0.0%
Other/Mixed	522	2.26%
Hispanic or Latino	206	0.89%

Clay County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	11,261	79.1%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	1,942	13.64%
Native American	45	0.32%
Asian	46	0.32%
Pacific Islander	4	0.03%
Other/Mixed	489	3.43%
Hispanic or Latino	449	3.15%

Cleburne County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	13,740	91.26%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	457	3.04%
Native American	42	0.28%
Asian	21	0.14%
Pacific Islander	2	0.01%
Other/Mixed	510	3.39%
Hispanic or Latino	284	1.89%

Coffee County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	35,759	66.88%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	8,643	16.17%
Native American	405	0.76%
Asian	892	1.67%
Pacific Islander	57	0.11%
Other/Mixed	2,822	5.28%
Hispanic or Latino	4,887	9.14%

Colbert County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	43,241	75.56%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	9,222	16.11%
Native American	223	0.39%
Asian	432	0.75%
Pacific Islander	9	0.02%
Other/Mixed	2,368	4.14%
Hispanic or Latino	1,732	3.03%

Conecuh County Racial Composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	5,835	50.31%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	5,096	43.94%
Native American	71	0.61%
Asian	33	0.28%
Other/Mixed	306	2.64%
Hispanic or Latino	256	2.21%

Coosa County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	6,807	65.53%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	3,000	28.88%
Native American	25	0.24%
Asian	8	0.08%
Other/Mixed	346	3.33%
Hispanic or Latino	201	1.94%

Covington County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	30,657	81.6%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	4,563	12.15%
Native American	140	0.37%
Asian	240	0.64%
Other/Mixed	1,316	3.5%
Hispanic or Latino	654	1.74%

Crenshaw County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	9,333	70.74%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	3,085	23.38%
Native American	48	0.36%
Asian	83	0.63%
Pacific Islander	2	0.02%
Other/Mixed	456	3.46%
Hispanic or Latino	187	1.42%

Cullman County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	78,298	89.11%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	914	1.04%
Native American	287	0.33%
Asian	522	0.59%
Pacific Islander	64	0.07%
Other/Mixed	3,635	4.14%
Hispanic or Latino	4,146	4.72%

Dale County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	32,602	66.09%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	10,100	20.48%
Native American	217	0.44%
Asian	648	1.31%
Pacific Islander	42	0.09%
Other/Mixed	2,463	4.99%
Hispanic or Latino	3,254	6.6%

Dallas County Racial Composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	10,363	26.94%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	26,812	69.71%
Native American	56	0.15%
Asian	145	0.38%
Pacific Islander	12	0.03%
Other/Mixed	778	2.02%
Hispanic or Latino	296	0.77%

DeKalb County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	54,529	76.15%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	1,019	1.42%
Native American	715	1.0%
Asian	237	0.33%
Pacific Islander	16	0.02%
Other/Mixed	3,348	4.68%
Hispanic or Latino	11,744	16.4%

Elmore County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	62,540	71.09%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	18,126	20.6%
Native American	270	0.31%
Asian	669	0.76%
Pacific Islander	28	0.03%
Other/Mixed	3,551	4.04%
Hispanic or Latino	2,793	3.17%

Escambia County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	22,004	59.86%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	10,922	29.71%
Native American	1,488	4.05%
Asian	108	0.29%
Pacific Islander	22	0.06%
Other/Mixed	1,462	3.98%
Hispanic or Latino	751	2.04%

Etowah County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	77,731	75.15%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	14,999	14.5%
Native American	332	0.32%
Asian	921	0.89%
Pacific Islander	39	0.04%
Other/Mixed	4,519	4.37%
Hispanic or Latino	4,895	4.73%

Fayette County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	13,552	83.03%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	1,720	10.54%
Native American	43	0.26%
Asian	49	0.3%
Pacific Islander	1	0.01%
Other/Mixed	560	3.43%
Hispanic or Latino	396	2.43%

Franklin County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	23,581	73.43%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	1,139	3.55%
Native American	128	0.4%
Asian	67	0.21%
Pacific Islander	2	0.01%
Other/Mixed	937	2.92%
Hispanic or Latino	6,259	19.49%

Geneva County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	21,654	81.23%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	2,231	8.37%
Native American	166	0.62%
Asian	86	0.32%
Pacific Islander	7	0.03%
Other/Mixed	1,219	4.57%
Hispanic or Latino	1,296	4.86%

Greene County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	1,285	16.62%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	6,227	80.56%
Native American	5	0.06%
Asian	7	0.09%
Other/Mixed	145	1.88%
Hispanic or Latino	61	0.79%

Hale County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	5,972	40.39%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	8,313	56.23%
Native American	34	0.23%
Asian	18	0.12%
Pacific Islander	5	0.03%
Other/Mixed	294	1.99%
Hispanic or Latino	149	1.01%

Henry County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	11,842	69.07%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	4,232	24.68%
Native American	50	0.29%
Asian	73	0.43%
Other/Mixed	615	3.59%
Hispanic or Latino	334	1.95%

Houston County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	68,251	63.67%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	28,232	26.34%
Native American	321	0.3%
Asian	1,260	1.18%
Pacific Islander	59	0.06%
Other/Mixed	4,598	4.29%
Hispanic or Latino	4,481	4.18%

Jackson County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	45,123	85.82%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	1,624	3.09%
Native American	680	1.29%
Asian	214	0.41%
Pacific Islander	2	0.0%
Other/Mixed	3,255	6.19%
Hispanic or Latino	1,681	3.2%

Jefferson County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	324,252	48.06%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	280,112	41.52%
Native American	1,207	0.18%
Asian	13,043	1.95%
Pacific Islander	311	0.05%
Other/Mixed	20,940	3.1%
Hispanic or Latino	34,856	5.17%

Lamar County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	11,924	85.34%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	1,421	10.17%
Native American	28	0.2%
Asian	6	0.04%
Pacific Islander	2	0.03%
Other/Mixed	382	2.73%
Hispanic or Latino	208	1.49%

Lauderdale County Racial Composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	76,491	81.75%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	9,164	9.79%
Native American	295	0.32%
Asian	748	0.8%
Pacific Islander	31	0.03%
Other/Mixed	3,757	4.02%
Hispanic or Latino	3,078	3.29%

Lawrence County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	24,714	74.73%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	3,302	9.98%
Native American	1,440	4.35%
Asian	84	0.25%
Pacific Islander	7	0.02%
Other/Mixed	2,631	7.96%
Hispanic or Latino	895	2.71%

Lee County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	109,795	63.01%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	39,252	22.53%
Native American	365	0.21%
Asian	8,544	4.9%
Pacific Islander	108	0.06%
Other/Mixed	7,042	4.04%
Hispanic or Latino	9,135	5.24%

Limestone County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	75,692	73.08%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	13,177	12.72%
Native American	458	0.44%
Asian	1,857	1.79%
Pacific Islander	70	0.07%
Other/Mixed	5,068	4.89%
Hispanic or Latino	7,248	7.0%

Lowndes County Racial Composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	2,807	27.22%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	7,149	69.33%
Native American	9	0.09%
Asian	15	0.15%
Other/Mixed	191	1.85%
Hispanic or Latino	140	1.36%

Macon County Racial Composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	3,187	16.32%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	15,395	78.82%
Native American	48	0.25%
Asian	74	0.38%
Pacific Islander	4	0.02%
Other/Mixed	463	2.37%
Hispanic or Latino	361	1.85%

Madison County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	237,497	61.19%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	91,079	23.46%
Native American	2,132	0.55%
Asian	10,179	2.62%
Pacific Islander	450	0.12%
Other/Mixed	21,880	5.64%
Hispanic or Latino	24,936	6.42%

Marengo County Racial Composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	8,375	43.34%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	10,133	52.44%
Native American	6	0.03%
Asian	54	0.28%
Pacific Islander	1	0.01%
Other/Mixed	386	2.0%
Hispanic or Latino	368	1.9%

Marion County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	26,093	88.93%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	1,094	3.73%
Native American	82	0.28%
Asian	75	0.26%
Pacific Islander	14	0.05%
Other/Mixed	1,120	3.82%
Hispanic or Latino	863	2.94%

Marshall County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	74,666	76.49%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	2,293	2.35%
Native American	418	0.43%
Asian	579	0.59%
Pacific Islander	128	0.13%
Other/Mixed	3,870	3.96%
Hispanic or Latino	15,658	16.04%

Mobile County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	226,703	54.65%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	145,435	35.06%
Native American	3,743	0.9%
Asian	8,515	2.05%
Pacific Islander	216	0.05%
Other/Mixed	16,772	4.04%
Hispanic or Latino	13,425	3.24%

Monroe County Racial Composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	10,334	52.27%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	8,253	41.74%
Native American	281	1.42%
Asian	88	0.45%
Other/Mixed	609	3.08%
Hispanic or Latino	207	1.05%

Montgomery County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	73,354	32.04%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	129,801	56.69%
Native American	364	0.16%
Asian	7,952	3.47%
Pacific Islander	119	0.05%
Other/Mixed	6,680	2.92%
Hispanic or Latino	10,684	4.67%

Morgan County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	88,238	71.49%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	15,307	12.4%
Native American	631	0.51%
Asian	829	0.67%
Pacific Islander	79	0.06%
Other/Mixed	5,960	4.83%
Hispanic or Latino	12,377	10.03%

Perry County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	2,345	27.55%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	5,914	69.49%
Native American	15	0.18%
Asian	10	0.12%
Pacific Islander	1	0.01%
Other/Mixed	137	1.61%
Hispanic or Latino	89	1.05%

Pickens County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	10,066	52.64%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	7,448	38.95%
Native American	23	0.12%
Asian	78	0.41%
Other/Mixed	455	2.38%
Hispanic or Latino	1,053	5.51%

Pike County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	18,036	54.64%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	12,068	36.56%
Native American	169	0.51%
Asian	577	1.75%
Pacific Islander	9	0.03%
Other/Mixed	1,245	3.77%
Hispanic or Latino	905	2.74%

Randolph County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	16,629	75.7%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	3,814	17.36%
Native American	50	0.23%
Asian	86	0.39%
Pacific Islander	1	0.0%
Other/Mixed	782	3.56%
Hispanic or Latino	605	2.75%

Russell County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	26,679	45.08%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	25,930	43.81%
Native American	180	0.3%
Asian	408	0.69%
Pacific Islander	128	0.22%
Other/Mixed	2,663	4.5%
Hispanic or Latino	3,195	5.4%

St. Clair County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	74,962	82.28%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	8,617	9.46%
Native American	249	0.27%
Asian	655	0.72%
Pacific Islander	20	0.02%
Other/Mixed	4,025	4.42%
Hispanic or Latino	2,575	2.83%

Shelby County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	162,712	72.96%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	28,711	12.87%
Native American	478	0.21%
Asian	5,114	2.29%
Pacific Islander	91	0.04%
Other/Mixed	9,458	4.24%
Hispanic or Latino	16,460	7.38%

Sumter County Racial Composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	2,937	23.79%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	8,955	72.54%
Native American	26	0.21%
Asian	102	0.83%
Pacific Islander	3	0.02%
Other/Mixed	191	1.55%
Hispanic or Latino	131	1.06%

Talladega County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	50,732	61.76%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	26,340	32.06%
Native American	184	0.22%
Asian	395	0.48%
Pacific Islander	27	0.03%
Other/Mixed	2,692	3.28%
Hispanic or Latino	1,779	2.17%

Tallapoosa County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	28,252	68.39%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	10,366	25.09%
Native American	84	0.2%
Asian	222	0.54%
Other/Mixed	1,243	3.01%
Hispanic or Latino	1,144	2.77%

**Tuscaloosa County, Alabama - Demographic Profile**(*NH = Non-Hispanic*)
Race / Ethnicity	Pop 2010	Pop 2020	% 2010	% 2020
White alone (NH)	126,611	134,880	65.04%	59.41%
Black or African American alone (NH)	57,401	68,779	29.49%	30.29%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH)	455	420	0.23%	0.18%
Asian alone (NH)	2,293	3,241	1.18%	1.43%
Pacific Islander alone (NH)	76	94	0.04%	0.04%
Some Other Race alone (NH)	136	792	0.07%	0.35%
Mixed Race/Multi-Racial (NH)	1,735	6,532	0.89%	2.88%
Hispanic or Latino (any race)	5,949	12,298	3.06%	5.42%
Total	194,656	227,036	100.00%	100.00%

Walker County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	56,394	86.31%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	3,889	5.95%
Native American	187	0.29%
Asian	283	0.43%
Pacific Islander	2	0.0%
Other/Mixed	2,435	3.73%
Hispanic or Latino	2,152	3.29%

Washington County Racial Composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	10,267	66.72%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	3,318	21.56%
Native American	1,102	7.16%
Asian	14	0.09%
Pacific Islander	2	0.01%
Other/Mixed	547	3.55%
Hispanic or Latino	138	0.9%

Wilcox County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	2,866	27.04%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	7,425	70.05%
Native American	11	0.1%
Asian	7	0.07%
Pacific Islander	5	0.05%
Other/Mixed	174	1.64%
Hispanic or Latino	112	1.06%

Winston County racial composition
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	21,598	91.75%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	131	0.56%
Native American	83	0.35%
Asian	58	0.25%
Pacific Islander	9	0.04%
Other/Mixed	846	3.59%
Hispanic or Latino	815	3.46%

Birth data

Note: Births in table don't add up, because Hispanics are counted both by their ethnicity and by their race, giving a higher overall number.

Live Births by Single Race/Ethnicity of Mother
Race	2013^[4]	2014^[5]	2015^[6]	2016^[7]	2017^[8]	2018^[9]	2019^[10]	2020^[11]	2021^[12]	2022^[13]
White:	38,971 (67.0%)	39,578 (66.6%)	39,845 (66.8%)	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
> Non-Hispanic White	35,086 (60.3%)	35,929 (60.5%)	35,826 (60.1%)	34,899 (59.0%)	34,377 (58.3%)	33,776 (58.5%)	33,394 (57.0%)	32,672 (56.7%)	33,775 (58.2%)	33,725 (58.0%)
Black	18,014 (31.0%)	18,417 (31.0%)	18,429 (30.9%)	17,695 (29.9%)	17,963 (30.5%)	17,597 (30.5%)	18,197 (31.0%)	17,746 (30.8%)	16,511 (28.4%)	16,067 (27.6%)
Asian	973 (1.7%)	1,227 (2.1%)	1,193 (2.0%)	986 (1.7%)	950 (1.6%)	903 (1.6%)	886 (1.5%)	836 (1.5%)	852 (1.5%)	782 (1.3%)
American Indian	209 (0.3%)	200 (0.3%)	190 (0.3%)	150 (0.2%)	175 (0.3%)	148 (0.2%)	188 (0.3%)	133 (0.2%)	155 (0.3%)	187 (0.3%)
Hispanic (of any race)	4,002 (6.9%)	4,019 (6.8%)	4,295 (7.2%)	4,580 (7.7%)	4,546 (7.7%)	4,403 (7.6%)	4,910 (8.4%)	5,233 (9.1%)	5,648 (9.7%)	6,231 (10.7%)
Total Alabama	58,167 (100%)	59,422 (100%)	59,657 (100%)	59,151 (100%)	58,941 (100%)	57,761 (100%)	58,615 (100%)	57,647 (100%)	58,054 (100%)	58,149 (100%)

Since 2016, data for births of White Hispanic origin are not collected, but included in one Hispanic group; persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race.

Ancestry

^[14]^[15]

Historically, African Americans were brought to Alabama as slaves, in greatest numbers in the cotton-producing plantation region known as the Black Belt. This region remains predominantly African American, where many freedmen settled to work at agriculture after the Civil War. The northern part of the state, originally settled by small farmers with fewer slaves, is predominantly European American. The Port of Mobile, founded by the French and subsequently controlled by England, Spain, and the United States, has long had an ethnically diverse population. It has long served as an entry point for various groups settling in other parts of the state. Those citing "American" ancestry in Alabama are of overwhelmingly English extraction, however most English Americans identify simply as having American ancestry because their roots have been in North America for so long, in many cases since the early sixteen hundreds. Demographers estimate that a minimum of 20–23% of people in Alabama are of predominantly English ancestry and state that the figure is probably much higher. In the 1980 census 1,139,976 people in Alabama cited that they were of English ancestry out of a total state population of 2,824,719 making them 41% of the state at the time and the largest ethnic group.^[16]^[17]^[18]^[19]^[20] There are also many more people in Alabama of Scots-Irish origins than are self-reported.^[21] Many people in Alabama claim Irish ancestry because of the term "Scots-Irish", but most of the time in Alabama this term is used for those with Scottish roots, rather than Irish.^[22] Alabama is home to the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, and Creek Native American tribes.^[23] Alabama has a growing Hispanic population.^[24] Mexicans are the largest Latino ethnic group in Alabama. Alabama is also home to Guatemalans, Puerto Ricans, Colombians, Brazilians, Salvadorians, and Panamanians.^[25] Mexicans, Central Americans, Germans, Koreans and Vietnamese people have just recently have became part of the state’s population.^[26]

Ancestries

Ancestry^[27]	Number (As of 2022)	%
American	594,431	11.7
Arab	15,663	0.3
Czech	4,938	0.1
Danish	4,994	0.1
Dutch	21,999	0.4
English	617,119	12.2
French (except Basque)	62,779	1.2
French Canadian	8,482	0.2
German	321,307	6.3
Greek	8,287	0.2
Hungarian	4,277	0.1
Irish	387,885	7.6
Italian	91,516	1.8
Lithuanian	1,455	0.0
Norwegian	18,331	0.4
Polish	29,225	0.6
Portuguese	3,177	0.1
Russian	8,169	0.2
Scotch-Irish	64,513	1.3
Scottish	105,300	2.1
Slovak	1,716	0.0
Subsaharan African	42,856	0.8
Swedish	18,160	0.4
Swiss	4,145	0.1
Ukrainian	3,844	0.1
Welsh	21,824	0.4
West Indian (excluding Hispanic origin groups)	12,642	0.2

Rankings

Among the 50 states and the District of Columbia, Alabama ranks:

32nd in its percentage of European Americans
7th in its percentage of Blacks
43rd in its percentage of Hispanics
44th in its percentage of Asians
26th in its percentage of Native Americans
48th in its percentage of people of Mixed race
47th in its percentage of males
5th in its percentage of females

Religion

The religious affiliations of adult people in Alabama are as follows:^[28]

Christian – 86%
- Evangelical Protestant – 49%
  - Baptist – 31%
  - Pentecostal – 5%
  - Presbyterian – 2%
  - Restorationist – 3%
  - Holiness movement – 1%
- Mainline Protestant – 13%
  - Baptist – 2%
  - Methodist – 5%
  - Lutheran – 1%
  - Presbyterian – 1%
  - Episcopalian/ – 1%
  - Congregationalist – 1%
- Historically Black Protestant – 16%
  - Baptist – 11%
  - Methodist – 3%
  - Pentecostal – 1%
  - Holiness Family – 1%
- Catholic – 7%
- LDS – 1%
- Christian – non-denominational – 6%
Non-Christian Faiths – 1%
Other faiths – 1%
Unaffiliated (religious "nones") – 12%
- Atheist – 1%
- Agnostic – 1%
- Nothing in Particular – 9%
- Don't Know – 1%

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References

1 2 CDC's STATE System - State Comparison Report Cigarette Use (Adults) – BRFSS ^{[ permanent dead link ‍]} for 2006, lists the state as having 23.3% smokers. The national average is 20.8% according to Cigarette Smoking Among Adults --- United States, 2006 article in the CDC's Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.
↑ Forstall, Richard L. (1996). Population of States and Counties of the United States: 1790 to 1990 . Washington: U.S. Bureau of the Census, pp. 8–11. ISBN 0-934213-48-8. Retrieved 19 May 2021. Due to the late arrival of returns from the counties of Lawrence, Perry, and Washington, the population of the state for 1820 was incorrectly listed as 127,901 in the official state total.^{[subnote 1]}
↑ "Historical Population Change Data (1910–2020)". Census.gov. United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on April 29, 2021. Retrieved May 1, 2021.
↑ "Data" (PDF). www.cdc.gov. Retrieved 2019-07-09.
↑ "Data" (PDF). www.cdc.gov. Retrieved 2019-07-09.
↑ "Data" (PDF). www.cdc.gov. Retrieved 2019-07-09.
↑ "Data" (PDF). www.cdc.gov. Retrieved 2019-07-09.
↑ "Data" (PDF). www.cdc.gov. Retrieved 2019-07-09.
↑ "Data" (PDF). www.cdc.gov. Retrieved 2019-12-02.
↑ "Data" (PDF). www.cdc.gov. Retrieved 2019-12-02.
↑ "Data" (PDF). www.cdc.gov. Retrieved 2020-02-20.
↑ "Data" (PDF). www.cdc.gov. Retrieved 2022-02-02.
↑ "Data" (PDF). www.cdc.gov. Retrieved 2024-04-04.
↑ Data on selected ancestry groups.
↑ "1980 United States Census" (PDF).
↑ "Ancestry of the Population by State: 1980 - Table 3" (PDF).
↑ Sharing the Dream: White Males in a Multicultural America by Dominic J. Pulera.
↑ Reynolds Farley, 'The New Census Question about Ancestry: What Did It Tell Us?', Demography, Vol. 28, No. 3 (August 1991), pp. 414, 421.
↑ Stanley Lieberson and Lawrence Santi, 'The Use of Nativity Data to Estimate Ethnic Characteristics and Patterns', Social Science Research, Vol. 14, No. 1 (1985), pp. 44–46.
↑ Stanley Lieberson and Mary C. Waters, 'Ethnic Groups in Flux: The Changing Ethnic Responses of American Whites', Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 487, No. 79 (September 1986), pp. 82–86.
↑ "Alabama - Selected Social Characteristics in the United States: 2006-2008". Archived from the original on 2020-02-11. Retrieved 2010-08-18.
↑ Census 2000 Map – top U.S. ancestries by county
↑ "American Indians in Alabama".
↑ "Alabama Hispanic population growth 2nd highest in the U.S." 26 March 2011.
↑ "Latinos/Hispanics". Archived from the original on 2017-08-22.
↑ "Alabama Migration History 1850-2022".
↑ "Explore Census Data". data.census.gov.
↑ "Religious Landscape Study". Religion and Public Life. Pew Research Center. Retrieved 28 March 2018.

Notes on references

↑ The relevant note on p. 10 erroneously switches the population values for Perry and Washington counties. The correct values can be found on page 121 of the final census report for 1820.

External links

2000 Census of Population and Housing for Alabama, U.S. Census Bureau

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[:0-1] 1 2 CDC's STATE System - State Comparison Report Cigarette Use (Adults) – BRFSS ^{[ permanent dead link ‍]} for 2006, lists the state as having 23.3% smokers. The national average is 20.8% according to Cigarette Smoking Among Adults --- United States, 2006 article in the CDC's Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.

[3] Forstall, Richard L. (1996). Population of States and Counties of the United States: 1790 to 1990 . Washington: U.S. Bureau of the Census, pp. 8–11. ISBN 0-934213-48-8. Retrieved 19 May 2021. Due to the late arrival of returns from the counties of Lawrence, Perry, and Washington, the population of the state for 1820 was incorrectly listed as 127,901 in the official state total.^{[subnote 1]}

[4] "Historical Population Change Data (1910–2020)". Census.gov. United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on April 29, 2021. Retrieved May 1, 2021.

[5] "Data" (PDF). www.cdc.gov. Retrieved 2019-07-09.

[6] "Data" (PDF). www.cdc.gov. Retrieved 2019-07-09.

[7] "Data" (PDF). www.cdc.gov. Retrieved 2019-07-09.

[8] "Data" (PDF). www.cdc.gov. Retrieved 2019-07-09.

[9] "Data" (PDF). www.cdc.gov. Retrieved 2019-07-09.

[10] "Data" (PDF). www.cdc.gov. Retrieved 2019-12-02.

[11] "Data" (PDF). www.cdc.gov. Retrieved 2019-12-02.

[12] "Data" (PDF). www.cdc.gov. Retrieved 2020-02-20.

[13] "Data" (PDF). www.cdc.gov. Retrieved 2022-02-02.

[14] "Data" (PDF). www.cdc.gov. Retrieved 2024-04-04.

[15] Data on selected ancestry groups.

[16] "1980 United States Census" (PDF).

[17] "Ancestry of the Population by State: 1980 - Table 3" (PDF).

[18] Sharing the Dream: White Males in a Multicultural America by Dominic J. Pulera.

[19] Reynolds Farley, 'The New Census Question about Ancestry: What Did It Tell Us?', Demography, Vol. 28, No. 3 (August 1991), pp. 414, 421.

[20] Stanley Lieberson and Lawrence Santi, 'The Use of Nativity Data to Estimate Ethnic Characteristics and Patterns', Social Science Research, Vol. 14, No. 1 (1985), pp. 44–46.

[21] Stanley Lieberson and Mary C. Waters, 'Ethnic Groups in Flux: The Changing Ethnic Responses of American Whites', Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 487, No. 79 (September 1986), pp. 82–86.

[22] "Alabama - Selected Social Characteristics in the United States: 2006-2008". Archived from the original on 2020-02-11. Retrieved 2010-08-18.

[census-ancestries-23] Census 2000 Map – top U.S. ancestries by county

[24] "American Indians in Alabama".

[25] "Alabama Hispanic population growth 2nd highest in the U.S." 26 March 2011.

[26] "Latinos/Hispanics". Archived from the original on 2017-08-22.

[27] "Alabama Migration History 1850-2022".

[28] "Explore Census Data". data.census.gov.

[29] "Religious Landscape Study". Religion and Public Life. Pew Research Center. Retrieved 28 March 2018.

[2] The relevant note on p. 10 erroneously switches the population values for Perry and Washington counties. The correct values can be found on page 121 of the final census report for 1820.

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[subnote 1]