1800 United States census Last updated May 25, 2025 Second US census
1800 United States census Seal of the United States Marshals Service, which administered the census
Country United States Authority Office of the United States Marshal Total population 5,308,483 ( Most Virginia Least Delaware
The 1800 United States census was the second census conducted in the United States . It was conducted on August 4, 1800. It showed that 5,308,483 people were living in the United States, of whom 893,602 were slaves . The 1800 census included the new District of Columbia . The census for the following states were lost: Georgia , Kentucky , New Jersey , Tennessee , and Virginia .
In comparison to the 1790 census, the 1800 census gathered additional information. [ 1] The census was published in December 1801 and cost $66,109.04. [ 1]
Census questions The 1800 census asks the following information in columns, left to right: [ 2]
Column Title 1 Name of the head 2 Number of free white males under age 10 3 Number of free white males of age 10 and under 16 4 Number of free white males of age 16 and under 26 5 Number of free white males of age 26 and under 45 6 Number of free white males of age 45 and over. 7 Number of free white females under age 10 8 Number of free white females of age 10 and under 16 9 Number of free white females of age 16 and under 26 10 Number of free white females of age 26 and under 45 11 Number of free white females of age 45 and over. 12 Number of all other free persons 13 Number of slaves
This census is one of the several for which some of the original data are no longer available. Original census returns for Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, New Jersey, Tennessee, and Virginia were lost over the years. [ 3]
State and regional populations District Free white males under age 10, Free white males age 10–16 Free white males age 16–26 Free white males age 26–45 Free white males over age 45 Free white females under age 10 Free white females age 10–16 Free white females age 16–26 Free white females age 26–45 Free white females over age 45 All other free persons Slaves Total New Hampshire 30,694 14,881 16,379 17,589 11,715 29,871 14,193 17,153 18,381 12,142 852 8 183,858 Massachusetts 63,646 32,507 37,905 39,729 31,348 60,920 30,674 40,491 43,833 35,340 6,452 0 422,845 Maine 27,970 12,305 12,900 15,318 8,339 26,899 11,338 13,295 14,496 8,041 818 0 151,719 Connecticut 37,946 19,408 21,683 23,180 18,976 35,736 18,218 23,561 25,186 20,827 5,330 951 251,002 Vermont 29,420 12,046 13,242 16,544 8,076 28,272 11,366 12,606 15,287 7,049 557 0 154,465 Rhode Island 9,945 5,352 5,889 5,785 4,887 9,524 5,026 6,463 6,919 5,648 3,304 380 69,122 New York (excluding Duchess, Ulster, Orange counties) 83,161 36,953 40,045 52,454 25,497 79,154 32,822 39,086 47,710 23,161 8,573 15,602 484,065 New York (Duchess , Ulster , Orange counties) 16,936 7,320 9,230 9,140 6,358 16,319 6,649 9,030 8,701 5,490 1,801 5,011 101,985 New Jersey 33,900 15,859 16,301 19,956 12,629 32,622 14,827 17,018 19,533 11,600 4,402 12,422 211,149 Pennsylvania (eastern district) 52,767 24,438 29,393 33,864 20,824 51,176 23,427 29,879 30,892 19,329 11,253 557 327,979 Pennsylvania (western district) 50,459 21,623 24,869 25,469 17,761 48,448 20,362 24,095 22,954 14,066 3,311 1,149 274,566 Delaware 8,250 4,437 5,121 5,012 2,213 7,628 4,277 5,543 4,981 2,390 8,268 6,153 64,273 Maryland (including Washington County in the District of Columbia [ a] , but excluding parts of Baltimore County) 33,520 16,581 20,560 22,169 12,617 32,463 15,718 21,506 20,363 11,240 18,646 102,465 317,348 Maryland (additional return for Baltimore County ) 567 226 318 343 249 517 222 375 318 199 41 847 4,276 Virginia (eastern district) 57,837 25,998 32,444 34,588 19,087 54,597 25,469 34,807 32,641 18,821 13,194 322,199 676,682 Virginia (western district) 34,601 14,502 16,264 15,674 11,134 32,726 13,366 15,923 3,632 15,169 1,930 23,597 203,518 Virginia (Alexandria and part of Fairfax County in the District of Columbia [ a] ) 889 320 483 557 221 670 313 479 473 189 383 1,172 5,949 North Carolina 63,118 27,073 31,560 31,209 18,688 59,074 25,874 32,989 30,665 17,514 7,043 133,296 478,103 South Carolina 37,411 16,156 17,761 19,344 10,244 34,664 15,857 18,145 17,236 9,437 3,185 146,151 345,591 Georgia 19,841 8,469 9,787 10,914 4,957 18,407 7,914 9,243 8,835 3,894 1,919 59,699 162,686 Kentucky 37,274 14,045 15,705 17,699 9,238 34,949 13,433 15,524 14,934 7,075 741 40,343 220,959 Northwest Territory 9,362 3,647 4,636 4,833 1,955 8,644 3,353 3,861 3,342 1,395 337 0 45,365 Indiana Territory 854 347 466 645 262 791 280 424 393 115 163 135 5,641 [ b] Mississippi Territory 999 356 482 780 290 953 376 352 462 165 182 3,489 8,850
District Free white males under age 10 Free white males age 10–16 Free white males age 16–26 Free white males age 26–45 Free white males over age 45 Free white females under age 10 Free white females age 10–16 Free white females age 16–26 Free white females age 26–45 Free white females over age 45 All other free persons Slaves Total Uncorrected Total 741,367 334,849 383,423 422,795 257,526 705,024 315,354 391,848 392,167 250,296 102,685 875,626 5,172,312 Tennessee [ c] 19,227 7,194 8,282 8,352 4,125 18,450 7,042 8,554 6,992 3,491 309 13,584 105,602 Maryland corrected [ d] 36,751 17,743 21,929 23,553 13,712 34,703 16,787 22,915 21,725 12,180 19,987 107,707 349,692 Corrected Total 763,288 359,792 392,765 432,979 262,497 725,197 323,243 401,436 400,203 254,524 104,294 893,605 5,305,982
^ a: At the time of the 1800 census, the territory donated to form the District of Columbia was still being administered by the states of Maryland and Virginia. The state of Maryland included the population of the District under its control within its own return. The population of the District of Columbia within Maryland was 8,144 persons, including 5,672 whites, 400 free blacks, and 2,472 enslaved persons. [ 4]
^ b: Persons 766 added to the particular items of this return.
^ c: This return has been received since the communication of the above Aggregate to Congress.
^ d: This return has also been since received, and is stated by the Marshal to be more correct than the first. [ 5]
City populations Rank City State Population [ 6] [ 7] Region (2016) [ 8] 01 New York New York 60,515 Northeast 02 Philadelphia Pennsylvania 41,220 Northeast 03 Baltimore Maryland 26,514 South 04 Boston Massachusetts 24,937 Northeast 05 Charleston South Carolina 18,824 South 06 Northern Liberties Pennsylvania 10,718 Northeast 07 Southwark Pennsylvania 9,621 Northeast 08 Salem Massachusetts 9,457 Northeast 09 Providence Rhode Island 7,614 Northeast 10 Livingston New York 7,405 Northeast 11 Norfolk Virginia 6,926 South 12 Newport Rhode Island 6,739 Northeast 13 Cambridge New York 6,187 Northeast 14 Fishkill New York 6,168 Northeast 15 Newburyport Massachusetts 5,946 Northeast 16 Richmond Virginia 5,737 South 17 Nantucket Massachusetts 5,617 Northeast 18 Stonington Connecticut 5,437 Northeast 19 Portsmouth New Hampshire 5,339 Northeast 20 Gloucester Massachusetts 5,313 Northeast 21 Albany New York 5,289 Northeast 21 Schenectady New York 5,289 Northeast 23 Marblehead Massachusetts 5,211 Northeast 24 Clinton New York 5,208 Northeast 25 Bridgewater Massachusetts 5,200 Northeast 26 Canaan New York 5,157 Northeast 27 New London Connecticut 5,150 Northeast 28 Norwalk Connecticut 5,146 Northeast 28 Savannah Georgia 5,146 South 30 Middletown Connecticut 5,001 Northeast 31 Watervliet New York 4,992 Northeast 32 Alexandria District of Columbia [ 9] 4,971 South 33 Stephentown New York 4,968 Northeast 34 Troy New York 4,926 Northeast 35 Hartford Connecticut 4,802 Northeast 36 Rehoboth Massachusetts 4,743 Northeast 37 Paris New York 4,721 Northeast 38 Hillsdale New York 4,702 Northeast 39 Coxsackie New York 4,676 Northeast 40 Kingston New York 4,615 Northeast 41 Argyle New York 4,597 Northeast 42 Rensselaerville New York 4,560 Northeast 43 Oyster Bay New York 4,548 Northeast 44 Middleborough Massachusetts 4,458 Northeast 45 Claverack New York 4,414 Northeast 46 Petersburgh New York 4,412 Northeast 47 Lyme Connecticut 4,380 Northeast 48 New Bedford Massachusetts 4,361 Northeast 49 Kinderhook New York 4,348 Northeast 50 Groton Connecticut 4,302 Northeast 51 Lancaster Pennsylvania 4,292 Northeast 52 Litchfield Connecticut 4,285 Northeast 53 Pawling New York 4,269 Northeast 54 Otsego New York 4,224 Northeast 55 Whitestown New York 4,212 Northeast 56 South Hempstead New York 4,141 Northeast 57 Montgomery New York 4,106 Northeast 58 Newbury Massachusetts 4,076 Northeast 59 New Haven Connecticut 4,049 Northeast 60 Brookhaven New York 4,022 Northeast 60 Rhinebeck New York 4,022 Northeast 62 Glocester Rhode Island 4,009 Northeast 63 Wethersfield Connecticut 3,992 Northeast 64 Johnstown New York 3,932 Northeast 65 Huntington New York 3,894 Northeast 66 Beverly Massachusetts 3,881 Northeast 67 Taunton Massachusetts 3,860 Northeast 68 Halfmoon New York 3,851 Northeast 69 Warwick New York 3,816 Northeast 70 Freehold New York 3,812 Northeast 71 Beekman New York 3,756 Northeast 72 Gilmanton New Hampshire 3,752 Northeast 73 Fairfield Connecticut 3,735 Northeast 74 Bethlehem New York 3,733 Northeast 75 Chatham New York 3,716 Northeast 76 Portland Massachusetts [ 10] 3,704 Northeast 77 Wells Massachusetts [ 10] 3,692 Northeast 78 Schodack New York 3,688 Northeast 79 Southampton New York 3,670 Northeast 80 Earl Pennsylvania 3,669 Northeast 81 Hudson New York 3,664 Northeast 82 Lebanon Connecticut 3,652 Northeast 83 Guilford Connecticut 3,597 Northeast 84 Wallkill New York 3,592 Northeast 85 Minisink New York 3,584 Northeast 86 Milton New York 3,553 Northeast 87 Plymouth Massachusetts 3,524 Northeast 88 Petersburg Virginia 3,521 South 89 Palatine New York 3,512 Northeast 90 Berne New York 3,486 Northeast 91 Pittstown New York 3,483 Northeast 92 Norwich Connecticut 3,476 Northeast 93 Greenbush New York 3,472 Northeast 94 Preston Connecticut 3,440 Northeast 95 South Kingstown Rhode Island 3,438 Northeast 96 Falmouth Massachusetts [ 10] 3,422 Northeast 97 Evesham New Jersey 3,381 Northeast 98 Saybrook Connecticut 3,363 Northeast 99 Aurelius New York 3,312 Northeast 100 Ipswich Massachusetts 3,305 Northeast
References 1 2 Lunt, Edward C. (1888). "History of the United States Census" . Publications of the American Statistical Association . 1 (2/3): 63– 93. doi :10.2307/2276342 . ISSN 1522-5437 . JSTOR 2276342 . ↑ "1800 Census Questions" . Archived from the original on April 27, 2010. Retrieved May 3, 2010 . ↑ Dollarhide, William (2001). The Census Book: A Genealogists Guide to Federal Census Facts, Schedules and Indexes . North Salt Lake, Utah: HeritageQuest. p. 8. ↑ "District of Columbia – Race and Hispanic Origin: 1800 to 1990" (PDF) . U.S. Census Bureau. September 13, 2002. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 4, 2011. Retrieved November 1, 2011 . ↑ "Enumeration of Persons in the several districts of The United States" (PDF) . 1800. p. 3. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 11, 2010. Retrieved May 10, 2010 . ↑ Population of the 100 Largest Cities and Other Urban Places in the United States: 1790 to 1990 ↑ "Population of Connecticut Towns 1756-1820" . Connecticut Secretary of the State . State of Connecticut. Archived from the original on January 13, 2017. Retrieved April 13, 2020 . ↑ "Regions and Divisions" . U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on December 3, 2016. Retrieved September 9, 2016 . ↑ In present day Virginia. 1 2 3 In present day Maine. This page is based on this
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