Demographics of Florida

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Historical population
CensusPop.Note
1830 34,730
1840 54,47756.9%
1850 87,44560.5%
1860 140,42460.6%
1870 187,74833.7%
1880 269,49343.5%
1890 391,42245.2%
1900 528,54235.0%
1910 752,61942.4%
1920 968,47028.7%
1930 1,468,21151.6%
1940 1,897,41429.2%
1950 2,771,30546.1%
1960 4,951,56078.7%
1970 6,791,41837.2%
1980 9,746,32443.5%
1990 12,937,92632.7%
2000 15,982,37823.5%
2010 18,801,31017.6%
2020 21,538,18714.6%
2023 (est.)22,610,7265.0%
U.S. Decennial Census
1830–1970 [1] 1980 [2] 1990 [3]
2000 [4] 2010 [5] 2020 [6] 2023 [7]

Florida is the third-most populous state in the United States. Its residents include people from a wide variety of ethnic, racial, national and religious backgrounds. The state has attracted immigrants, particularly from Latin America. [8] Florida's majority ethnic group are European Americans, with approximately 65% of the population identifying as White. National ethnic communities in the state include Cubans, who migrated en masse following the revolution in the mid 20th century. They have been joined by other immigrants from Latin America, and Spanish is spoken by more than 20% of the state's population, with high usage especially in the Miami-Dade County area.

Between the 2010 and 2020 census, the population of the state overall did increase. 50 counties in Florida would experience population growth while 17 counties saw their populations decline. Most of Florida's population lives in urban areas as in the 2020 census, close to 97% of people in Florida resided in metropolitan areas. [9] Florida in the 2022 US Census estimate was the fastest growing state in terms of population and the first time it was the fastest growing since 1957. [10] In the 2020 census Florida had a population density of 401.4 people per square mile. [11]

Population

Florida's metropolitan areas and major cities Floridamap2.png
Florida's metropolitan areas and major cities
Florida's population density per square mile Population Density by Florida Census Tract - 2020 Census.png
Florida's population density per square mile
Florida ancestry map Florida ancestry map.gif
Florida ancestry map

With a population getting close to 23 million people according to the 2023 US Census estimates, [7] [12] Florida is the most populous state in the Southeastern United States, and the second-most populous state in the South behind Texas. Within the United States, it contains the highest percentage of people over 65 (17.3%), and the 8th fewest people under 18 (21.9%). [13] [ better source needed ] Florida's population growth primarily comes from those moving to the state. The rate of natural change of births and deaths is "typically flat" and actually had negative natural population change in 2020. [12] The 2022 US Census estimate found the largest age group moving to Florida were those from 60 and 69 years old with the second largest age group being those from 50 to 59 years old. [14]

Net domestic migration

Year [15] In-migrantsOut-migrantsNet migration
2010482,889427,85355,036
2011498,597437,20261,395
2012537,148428,325108,823
2013529,406423,995105,411
2014546,501437,516108,985
2015584,938445,320139,618
2016605,018433,452171,566
2017566,476447,586118,890
2018587,261470,977116,284

Population by county by year

The population for each respective year comes from the decennial United States Census results.

County2020 [9] 2010 [9] 2000 [9]
Alachua278,468247,336217,955
Baker28,25927,11522,259
Bay175,216168,852148,217
Bradford28,30328,52026,088
Brevard606,612543,376476,230
Broward1,944,3751,748,0661,623,018
Calhoun13,64814,62513,017
Charlotte186,847159,978141,627
Citrus153,843141,236118,085
Clay218,245190,865140,814
Collier375,752321,520251,377
Columbia69,69867,53156,513
DeSoto33,97634,86232,209
Dixie16,75916,42213,827
Duval995,567864,263778,879
Escambia321,905297,619294,410
Flagler115,37895,69649,832
Franklin12,45111,5499,829
Gadsden43,82646,38945,087
Gilchrist17,86416,93914,437
Glades12,12612,88410,576
Gulf14,19215,86314,560
Hamilton14,00414,79913,327
Hardee25,32727,73126,938
Hendry39,61939,14036,210
Hernando194,515172,778130,802
Highlands101,23598,78687,366
Hillsborough1,459,7621,229,226998,948
Holmes19,65319,92718,564
Indian River159,788138,028112,947
Jackson47,31949,74646,755
Jefferson14,51014,76112,902
Lafayette8,2268,8707,022
Lake383,956297,047210,527
Lee760,822618,754440,888
Leon292,198275,487239,452
Levy42,91540,80134,450
Liberty7,9748,3657,021
Madison17,96819,22418,733
Manatee399,710322,833264,002
Marion375,908331,303258,916
Martin158,431146,318126,731
Miami-Dade (Dade)2,701,7672,496,4572,253,779
Monroe82,87473,09079,589
Nassau90,35273,31457,663
Okaloosa211,668180,822170,498
Okeechobee39,64439,99635,910
Orange1,429,9081,145,956896,344
Osceola388,656268,685172,493
Palm Beach1,492,1911,320,1341,131,191
Pasco561,891464,697344,768
Pinellas959,107916,542921,495
Polk725,046602,095483,924
Putnam73,32174,36470,423
St. Johns273,425190,039123,135
St. Lucie329,226277,789192,695
Santa Rosa188,000151,372117,743
Sarasota434,006379,448325,961
Seminole470,856422,718365,199
Sumter129,75293,42053,345
Suwannee43,47441,55134,844
Taylor21,79622,57019,256
Union16,14715,53513,442
Volusia553,543494,593443,343
Wakulla33,76430,77622,863
Walton75,30555,04340,601
Washington25,31824,89620,973
Total21,538,18718,801,33215,982,824

Race/ethnicity

2020 census

According to the 2020 census, the racial distributions are as follows; 51.5% Non-Hispanic White, 26.6% of the population are Hispanics or Latino (of any race), 14.5% African American, 4% Native American, and 2.3% Asian, Oriental and other.

Map of counties in Florida by racial plurality, per the 2020 US Census
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Non-Hispanic White
.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}
30-40%
40-50%
50-60%
60-70%
70-80%
80-90%
Hispanic or Latino
50-60%
60-70%
Black or African American
50-60% Florida Counties by race (2020 census).svg
Map of counties in Florida by racial plurality, per the 2020 US Census

2010 census

According to the 2010 census, the racial distributions are as follows; 53.5% Non-Hispanic White, 25.6% of the population are Hispanic or Latino (of any race), 15.2% African American (includes Afro-Caribbeans), 4.5% Native American, 2.0% Asian and others Florida has one of the largest African-American populations in the country & has the second-highest Latino population on the East Coast outside of New York state. Its ethnic Asian population has grown rapidly since the late 1990s; the majority are Filipinos (163,000), Indians (128,000), Vietnamese (90,000) and ethnic Chinese (81,000). The state has some federally recognized Native American tribes, such as the Seminoles in the southeastern part of the state. [16]

2021 American Community Survey

Racial Makeup of Florida (2021) [17]

  White alone (56.06%)
  Black alone (15.08%)
  Native American alone (0.29%)
  Asian alone (2.85%)
  Pacific Islander alone (0.06%)
  Some other race alone (6.54%)
  Two or more races (19.12%)

Racial/Ethnic Makeup of Florida excluding Hispanics from Racial Categories (2021) [17]
NH=Non-Hispanic

  White NH (51.14%)
  Black NH (14.63%)
  Native American NH (0.09%)
  Asian NH (2.78%)
  Pacific Islander NH (0.05%)
  Some other race NH (0.68%)
  Two or more races NH (3.85%)
  Hispanic Any Race (26.77%)

Racial Makeup of Hispanics in Florida (2021) [17]

  White alone (18.37%)
  Black alone (1.70%)
  Native American alone (0.74%)
  Asian alone (0.25%)
  Pacific Islander alone (0.03%)
  Some other race alone (21.86%)
  Two or more races (57.04%)

According to the 2021 US Census Bureau estimates, Florida's population was 56.1% White (51.1% Non-Hispanic White), 15.1% Black or African American, 2.9% Asian, 0.3% Native American and Alaskan Native, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 6.5% Some Other Race, and 19.1% from two or more races. [17] The White population continues to remain the largest racial category as a high percentage of Hispanics in Florida identify as White (18.4%) with others identifying as Some Other Race (21.9%), Multiracial (57.0%), Black (1.7%), American Indian and Alaskan Native (0.2%), Asian (0.1%), and Hawaiian and Pacific Islander (0.1%). [17] By ethnicity, 26.8% of the total population is Hispanic-Latino (of any race) and 73.2% is Non-Hispanic (of any race). If treated as a separate category, Hispanics are the largest minority group in Florida. [17]

Historical composition

Historical racial composition2020 [6] 2010 [5] 2000 [4] 1990 [3] 1980 [2]
White (non-Hispanic)51.5%57.9%65.4%73.2%76.7%
Hispanic or Latino 26.5%22.5%16.8%12.2%8.8%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)14.5%15.2%14.2%13.1%13.5%
Asian and Pacific Islander (non-Hispanic)3.0%2.4%1.7%1.1%1.0%
Native American (non-Hispanic)0.2%0.3%0.3%0.3%
Other Race (non-Hispanic)0.6%0.3%0.2%0.1%
Two or more races (non-Hispanic)3.7%1.6%1.5%N/AN/A
Population21,538,18718,801,31015,982,37812,937,9269,746,324

Ancestries

Ancestry [18] [19] [20] [21] Number (As of 2022)%
German2,007,4139.0
English1,885,5068.5
Irish1,827,8028.2
American1,646,8307.4
Cuban1,556,3057.0
Italian1,281,4965.8
Puerto Rican1,239,8095.6
Mexican722,1343.2
Haitian544,0432.4
Polish463,3132.1
Colombian444,6602.0
Venezuelan380,9721.7
French (except Basque)378,7391.7
Scottish319,8471.4
Dominican309,0601.4
Jamaican294,4871.3
Indian222,5761.0
Filipino188,8340.8
Guatemalan174,9230.8
Subsaharan African174,6950.8
Russian171,6380.8
Nicaraguan171,5790.8
Honduran162,5170.7
Arab159,4210.7
Scotch-Irish148,9420.7
Swedish146,5720.7
Puruvian142,9160.6
Chinese142,6520.6
Dutch141,6010.6
Norwegian120,1150.5
Brazilian110,7330.5
Vietnamese108,8250.5
French Canadian101,1140.5

Birth data

Note: Births in the table exceed 100% because some Hispanics are counted both by their ethnicity and by their race, giving a higher overall number.

Live Births by Single Race/Ethnicity of Mother
Race 2013 [22] 2014 [23] 2015 [24] 2016 [25] 2017 [26] 2018 [27] 2019 [28] 2020 [29] 2021 [30] 2022 [31]
White:154,791 (71.8%)159,035 (72.3%)162,594 (72.5%)157,006 (69.8%)154,504 (69.1%)157,945 (71.3%)156,463 (71.1%)148,661 (70.9%)......
> Non-Hispanic White 98,586 (45.7%)100,837 (45.8%)102,549 (45.7%)99,344 (44.1%)96,280 (43.1%)95,868 (43.2%)93,590 (42.5%)88,080 (42.0%)91,223 (42.2%)91,763 (40.9%)
Black 52,959 (24.6%)53,148 (24.1%)53,699 (23.9%)48,928 (21.7%)49,428 (22.1%)48,174 (21.7%)47,730 (21.7%)45,585 (21.7%)45,710 (21.1%)47,635 (21.2%)
Asian 7,265 (3.4%)7,402 (3.4%)7,603 (3.4%)7,178 (3.2%)7,015 (3.1%)6,996 (3.2%)7,069 (3.2%)6,539 (3.1%)6,506 (3.0%)6,592 (2.9%)
American Indian 392 (0.2%)406 (0.2%)373 (0.2%)237 (0.1%)429 (0.2%)413 (0.2%)400 (0.2%)229 (0.1%)227 (0.1%)386 (0.2%)
Hispanic (of any race)59,206 (27.5%)61,849 (28.1%)64,078 (28.6%)65,895 (29.3%)67,049 (30.0%)67,201 (30.3%)68,234 (31.0%)66,156 (31.6%)69,375 (32.1%)74,864 (33.4%)
Total215,407 (100%)219,991 (100%)224,269 (100%)225,022 (100%)223,630 (100%)221,542 (100%)220,002 (100%)209,671 (100%)216,260 (100%)224,433 (100%)

Languages

As of 2010, 73.36% of Florida residents age 5 and older spoke English at home as a primary language, while 19.54% spoke Spanish, 1.84% French Creole (mostly Haitian Creole), 0.60% French and 0.50% Portuguese. In total, 26.64% of Florida's population age 5 and older spoke a mother language other than English. [32]

Florida's public education system identified more than 200 first languages other than English spoken in the homes of students. [33] In 1990, the League of United Latin American Citizens (LULAC) settled a class action lawsuit against the state Florida Department of Education with a consent decree that required educators to be trained in teaching English for Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL). [34]

Article II, Section 9, of the Florida Constitution provides that "English is the official language of the State of Florida." This provision was adopted in 1988 by a vote following an Initiative Petition.

A Miami accent has developed among persons born and/or raised in and around Miami-Dade County and a few other parts of South Florida. [35] It is more prominent among Hispanics (especially Cuban Americans and other Latino groups, influenced by the Spanish language). [36] [37]

Top Languages in Florida
LanguagePercent of
population
(2010) [32]
English 73.36%
Spanish 19.54%
French Creole
(including Haitian and Antillean Creoles)
1.84%
French 0.60%
Portuguese 0.50%
German 0.42%
Tagalog, Vietnamese, Italian (tied)0.31%
Arabic 0.22%
Chinese 0.20%
Russian 0.18%
Polish 0.14%

Religion

Religion in Florida (2014) [38]

   Protestantism (46%)
   Mormonism (1%)
  Other Christian (1%)
   No religion (24%)
   Judaism (3%)
  Other religion (3%)

Florida residents identify as mostly of various Protestant groups. Roman Catholics make up the single largest denomination in the state. Florida residents' current religious affiliations are shown in the table below: [38]

Veterans

There were 1.6 million veterans in Florida in 2010, representing 8% of the total population. [39]

Migration

In 2013, most net migrants come from 1) New York, 2) New Jersey, 3) Pennsylvania, and 4) the Midwestern United States; emigration is higher from these same states. For example, about 50,000 moved to New York; but more than 50,000 people moved from New York to Florida. [40]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of the United States</span>

The United States had an official estimated resident population of 335,893,238 on Jan 1, 2024, according to the Census Bureau. This figure includes the 50 states and Washington, D.C. but excludes the population of five unincorporated U.S. territories as well as several minor island possessions. The United States is the third most populous country in the world, and the most populous in the Americas and the Western Hemisphere. The Census Bureau showed a population increase of 0.4% for the twelve-month period ending in July 2022, below the world estimated annual rate of 1.03%, in 2021. The total fertility rate (TFR) is around 1.84 children per woman, as of 2024 which is below the replacement fertility rate of approximately 2.1. By several metrics, including racial and ethnic background, religious affiliation, and percentage of rural and urban divide, the state of Illinois is the most representative of the larger demography of the United States.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Broward County, Florida</span> County in Florida, United States

Broward County is a county in Florida, United States, located in the Miami metropolitan area. It is Florida's second-most populous county after Miami-Dade County and the 17th-most populous in the United States, with 1,944,375 residents as of the 2020 census. Its county seat and most populous city is Fort Lauderdale, which had a population of 182,760 as of 2020. The county is part of the South Florida region of the state.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Deerfield Beach, Florida</span> City in Florida, United States

Deerfield Beach is a city in Broward County, Florida, United States, just south of the Palm Beach County line. As of the 2020 census, the population was 86,859, making it the tenth-largest city in Broward County. Located 41 miles north of Miami, it is a key suburb of the Miami metropolitan area, which was home to 6.14 million people in 2020.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Miami metropolitan area</span> Metropolis in the U.S. state of Florida

The Miami metropolitan area is a coastal metropolitan area in southeastern Florida. It is the ninth-largest metropolitan statistical area (MSA) in the United States, the fifth-largest metropolitan area in the Southern United States, and the largest metropolitan area in Florida. It is also known as South Florida, SoFlo, SoFla, the Gold Coast, Southeast Florida, the Tri-County Area, or Greater Miami, and officially as the Miami–Fort Lauderdale–West Palm Beach Metropolitan Statistical Area. With a population of 6.18 million, its population exceeds 31 of the nation's 50 states as of 2023. It comprises the three most populated counties in the state, Miami-Dade County, Broward County, and Palm Beach County, which rank as the first, second, and third-most populous counties in the state, respectively. Miami-Dade County, with 2,701,767 people in 2020, is the seventh-most populous county in the United States.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Majority minority in the United States</span> Places with less than 50% non-Hispanic white population

In the United States of America, majority-minority area or minority-majority area is a term describing a U.S. state or jurisdiction whose population is composed of less than 50% non-Hispanic whites. It is defined as a population with a collective majority of nationwide minorities, meaning a grouping of racial and ethnic groups that composes over 50% of the territorial population, regardless if one of those minority groups already attains a majority on its own. No single minority is yet the majority in any state, with the closest to that end being Hispanics in New Mexico. As such, all majority-minority states do not have a single ethnic or racial group as the outright majority.

The 2010 census estimated Alabama's population at 4,802,740, an increase of 332,636 or 7.5% since 2000. This includes a natural increase of 87,818 and a net migration of 73,178 people into the state. Immigration from outside the United States resulted in a net increase of 30,537 and migration within the country produced a net increase of 42,641.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">White Americans</span> White people of the United States

White Americans are Americans who identify as white people. In a more official sense, the United States Census Bureau, which collects demographic data on Americans, defines "white" as "[a] person having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe, the Middle East, or North Africa". This group constitutes the majority of the people in the United States. According to the 2020 census, 71%, or 235,411,507 people, were White alone or in combination, and 61.6%, or 204,277,273 people, were White alone. This represented a national white demographic decline from a 72.4% white alone share of the US population in 2010.

The United States has a racially and ethnically diverse population. At the federal level, race and ethnicity have been categorized separately. The most recent United States census recognized five racial categories, as well as people who belong to two or more of the racial categories. The United States also recognizes the broader notion of ethnicity. The 2000 census and 2010 American Community Survey inquired about the "ancestry" of residents, while the 2020 census allowed people to enter their "origins". The Census Bureau also classified respondents as either Hispanic or Latino, identifying as an ethnicity, which comprises the minority group in the nation.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, as of 2023, Texas was the second largest state in population after California, with a population of 30,503,301, an increase of more than 1.3 million people, or 4.7%, since the 29,145,505 of the 2020 census. Its apportioned population in 2020 was 29,183,290. Since the beginning of the 21st century, the state of Texas has experienced strong population growth. Texas has many major cities and metropolitan areas, along with many towns and rural areas. Much of the population is concentrated in the major cities of Dallas–Fort Worth, Austin, San Antonio, Houston, McAllen, and El Paso and their corresponding metropolitan areas. The first four aforementioned main urban centers are also referred to as the Texas Triangle megaregion.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of New York (state)</span>

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, as of 2023, New York was the fourth largest state in population after California, Texas, and Florida, with a population of 19,571,216, a decrease of over 600,000 people, or −3.1%, since the 2020 census. The population change between 2000–2006 includes a natural increase of 601,779 people and a decrease due to net migration of 422,481 people out of the state. Immigration from outside the United States resulted in a net increase of 820,388 people, and migration within the country produced a net loss of about 800,213.

The District of Columbia is a federal district with an ethnically diverse population. In 2020, the District had a population of 689,545 people, with a resident density of 11,515 people per square mile.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of Arizona</span>

As of the 2020 United States census, Arizona had a population of 7,151,502.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of Arkansas</span>

Arkansas is the 32nd largest U.S. state, with a population of 3,011,524 as of the 2020 United States census.

Tennessee is the fifteenth most populous state in the United States with a population of 7,051,339 as of 2022, and has the twentieth-highest population density. The 2020 United States census reported its population to be 6,916,897.

Demographics of North Carolina covers the varieties of ethnic groups who reside in North Carolina and relevant trends.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of Hispanic and Latino Americans</span>

The demographics of Hispanic and Latino Americans depict a population that is the second-largest ethnic group in the United States, 62 million people or 18.7% of the national population.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of Georgia (U.S. state)</span>

Georgia is a South Atlantic U.S. state with a population of 10,711,908 according to the 2020 United States census, or just over 3% of the U.S. population. The majority of the state's population is concentrated within Metro Atlanta, although other highly populated regions include: West Central and East Central Georgia; West, Central, and East Georgia; and Coastal Georgia; and their Athens, Columbus, Macon and Warner Robins, Augusta, Savannah, Hinesville, and Brunswick metropolitan statistical areas.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Non-Hispanic whites</span> White Americans who are not Hispanic

Non-Hispanic Whites or Non-Latino Whites are White Americans classified by the United States census as "white" and not Hispanic. According to the United States Census Bureau yearly estimates, as of July 1, 2023, Non-Hispanic whites make up about 58.4% of the U.S. population. The United States Census Bureau defines white to include European Americans, Middle Eastern Americans, and North African Americans. Americans of European ancestry are divided into various ethnic groups. More than half of the white population are German, Irish, English, Italian, French and Polish Americans. Many Americans are also the product of other European groups that migrated to parts of the US in the 19th and 20th centuries, as the bulk of immigrants from various countries in Northern, Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe, as well as the Caucasus region, migrated to the United States.

The racial and ethnic demographics of the United States have changed dramatically throughout its history.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of Miami</span>

The demographics of the City of Miami are monitored by the U.S. Census Bureau. Its population of nearly 450,000 ranks 44th in the United States and 2nd in Florida.

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