Demographics of Florida

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Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
1830 34,730—
1840 54,47756.9%
1850 87,44560.5%
1860 140,42460.6%
1870 187,74833.7%
1880 269,49343.5%
1890 391,42245.2%
1900 528,54235.0%
1910 752,61942.4%
1920 968,47028.7%
1930 1,468,21151.6%
1940 1,897,41429.2%
1950 2,771,30546.1%
1960 4,951,56078.7%
1970 6,791,41837.2%
1980 9,746,32443.5%
1990 12,937,92632.7%
2000 15,982,37823.5%
2010 18,801,31017.6%
2020 21,538,18714.6%
2023 (est.)22,610,7265.0%
U.S. Decennial Census
1830–1970 [1] 1980 [2] 1990 [3]
2000 [4] 2010 [5] 2020 [6] 2023 [7]

Florida is the third-most populous state in the United States. Its residents include people from a wide variety of ethnic, racial, national and religious backgrounds. The state has attracted immigrants, particularly from Latin America. [8] Florida's majority ethnic group are European Americans, with approximately 65% of the population identifying as White. National ethnic communities in the state include Cubans, who migrated en masse following the revolution in the mid 20th century. They have been joined by other immigrants from Latin America, and Spanish is spoken by more than 20% of the state's population, with high usage especially in the Miami-Dade County area.

Between the 2010 and 2020 census, the population of the state overall did increase. 50 counties in Florida would experience population growth while 17 counties saw their populations decline. Most of Florida's population lives in urban areas as in the 2020 census, close to 97% of people in Florida resided in metropolitan areas. [9] Florida in the 2022 US Census estimate was the fastest growing state in terms of population and the first time it was the fastest growing since 1957. [10] In the 2020 census Florida had a population density of 401.4 people per square mile. [11]

Population

With a population getting close to 23 million people according to the 2023 US Census estimates, [7] [12] Florida is the most populous state in the Southeastern United States, and the second-most populous state in the South behind Texas. Within the United States, it contains the highest percentage of people over 65 (17.3%), and the 8th fewest people under 18 (21.9%). [13] [ better source needed ] Florida's population growth primarily comes from those moving to the state. The rate of natural change of births and deaths is "typically flat" and actually had negative natural population change in 2020. [12] The 2022 US Census estimate found the largest age group moving to Florida were those from 60 and 69 years old with the second largest age group being those from 50 to 59 years old. [14]

Population Density per square mile of each Florida Census Tract as of the 2020 United States Census Population Density by Florida Census Tract - 2020 Census.png
Population Density per square mile of each Florida Census Tract as of the 2020 United States Census
Florida ancestry map Florida ancestry map.gif
Florida ancestry map
Florida's metropolitan areas and major cities. Floridamap2.png
Florida's metropolitan areas and major cities.

Net domestic migration

Year [15] In-migrantsOut-migrantsNet migration
2010482,889427,85355,036
2011498,597437,20261,395
2012537,148428,325108,823
2013529,406423,995105,411
2014546,501437,516108,985
2015584,938445,320139,618
2016605,018433,452171,566
2017566,476447,586118,890
2018587,261470,977116,284

Population by county by year

The population for each respective year comes from the decennial United States Census results.

County2020 [9] 2010 [9] 2000 [9]
Alachua278,468247,336217,955
Baker28,25927,11522,259
Bay175,216168,852148,217
Bradford28,30328,52026,088
Brevard606,612543,376476,230
Broward1,944,3751,748,0661,623,018
Calhoun13,64814,62513,017
Charlotte186,847159,978141,627
Citrus153,843141,236118,085
Clay218,245190,865140,814
Collier375,752321,520251,377
Columbia69,69867,53156,513
DeSoto33,97634,86232,209
Dixie16,75916,42213,827
Duval995,567864,263778,879
Escambia321,905297,619294,410
Flagler115,37895,69649,832
Franklin12,45111,5499,829
Gadsden43,82646,38945,087
Gilchrist17,86416,93914,437
Glades12,12612,88410,576
Gulf14,19215,86314,560
Hamilton14,00414,79913,327
Hardee25,32727,73126,938
Hendry39,61939,14036,210
Hernando194,515172,778130,802
Highlands101,23598,78687,366
Hillsborough1,459,7621,229,226998,948
Holmes19,65319,92718,564
Indian River159,788138,028112,947
Jackson47,31949,74646,755
Jefferson14,51014,76112,902
Lafayette8,2268,8707,022
Lake383,956297,047210,527
Lee760,822618,754440,888
Leon292,198275,487239,452
Levy42,91540,80134,450
Liberty7,9748,3657,021
Madison17,96819,22418,733
Manatee399,710322,833264,002
Marion375,908331,303258,916
Martin158,431146,318126,731
Miami-Dade (Dade)2,701,7672,496,4572,253,779
Monroe82,87473,09079,589
Nassau90,35273,31457,663
Okaloosa211,668180,822170,498
Okeechobee39,64439,99635,910
Orange1,429,9081,145,956896,344
Osceola388,656268,685172,493
Palm Beach1,492,1911,320,1341,131,191
Pasco561,891464,697344,768
Pinellas959,107916,542921,495
Polk725,046602,095483,924
Putnam73,32174,36470,423
St. Johns273,425190,039123,135
St. Lucie329,226277,789192,695
Santa Rosa188,000151,372117,743
Sarasota434,006379,448325,961
Seminole470,856422,718365,199
Sumter129,75293,42053,345
Suwannee43,47441,55134,844
Taylor21,79622,57019,256
Union16,14715,53513,442
Volusia553,543494,593443,343
Wakulla33,76430,77622,863
Walton75,30555,04340,601
Washington25,31824,89620,973
Total21,538,18718,801,33215,982,824

Race/ethnicity

2020 census

According to the 2020 census, the racial distributions are as follows; 51.5% Non-Hispanic White, 26.6% of the population are Hispanics or Latino (of any race), 14.5% African American, 4% Native American, and 2.3% Asian, Oriental and other.

Map of counties in Florida by racial plurality, per the 2020 US Census .mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}} Non-Hispanic White .mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{} 30-40% 40-50% 50-60% 60-70% 70-80% 80-90% Hispanic or Latino 50-60% 60-70% Black or African American 50-60% Florida Counties by race (2020 census).svg
Map of counties in Florida by racial plurality, per the 2020 US Census

2010 census

According to the 2010 census, the racial distributions are as follows; 53.5% Non-Hispanic White, 25.6% of the population are Hispanic or Latino (of any race), 15.2% African American (includes Afro-Caribbeans), 4.5% Native American, 2.0% Asian and others Florida has one of the largest African-American populations in the country, and has the second-highest Latino population on the East Coast outside of New York state. Its ethnic Asian population has grown rapidly since the late 1990s; the majority are Filipinos (163,000), Indians (128,000), Vietnamese (90,000) , ethnic Chinese (81,000). The state has some federally recognized Native American tribes, such as the Seminoles in the southeastern part of the state. [16]

2021 American Community Survey

Racial Makeup of Florida (2021) [17]

  White alone (56.06%)
  Black alone (15.08%)
  Native American alone (0.29%)
  Asian alone (2.85%)
  Pacific Islander alone (0.06%)
  Some other race alone (6.54%)
  Two or more races (19.12%)

Racial/Ethnic Makeup of Florida excluding Hispanics from Racial Categories (2021) [17]
NH=Non-Hispanic

  White NH (51.14%)
  Black NH (14.63%)
  Native American NH (0.09%)
  Asian NH (2.78%)
  Pacific Islander NH (0.05%)
  Some other race NH (0.68%)
  Two or more races NH (3.85%)
  Hispanic Any Race (26.77%)

Racial Makeup of Hispanics in Florida (2021) [17]

  White alone (18.37%)
  Black alone (1.70%)
  Native American alone (0.74%)
  Asian alone (0.25%)
  Pacific Islander alone (0.03%)
  Some other race alone (21.86%)
  Two or more races (57.04%)

According to the 2021 US Census Bureau estimates, Florida's population was 56.1% White (51.1% Non-Hispanic White), 15.1% Black or African American, 2.9% Asian, 0.3% Native American and Alaskan Native, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 6.5% Some Other Race, and 19.1% from two or more races. [17] The White population continues to remain the largest racial category as a high percentage of Hispanics in Florida identify as White (18.4%) with others identifying as Some Other Race (21.9%), Multiracial (57.0%), Black (1.7%), American Indian and Alaskan Native (0.2%), Asian (0.1%), and Hawaiian and Pacific Islander (0.1%). [17] By ethnicity, 26.8% of the total population is Hispanic-Latino (of any race) and 73.2% is Non-Hispanic (of any race). If treated as a separate category, Hispanics are the largest minority group in Florida. [17]

Historical composition

Historical racial composition2020 [6] 2010 [5] 2000 [4] 1990 [3] 1980 [2]
White (non-Hispanic)51.5%57.9%65.4%73.2%76.7%
Hispanic or Latino 26.5%22.5%16.8%12.2%8.8%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)14.5%15.2%14.2%13.1%13.5%
Asian and Pacific Islander (non-Hispanic)3.0%2.4%1.7%1.1%1.0%
Native American (non-Hispanic)0.2%0.3%0.3%0.3%
Other Race (non-Hispanic)0.6%0.3%0.2%0.1%
Two or more races (non-Hispanic)3.7%1.6%1.5%N/AN/A
Population21,538,18718,801,31015,982,37812,937,9269,746,324

Ancestries

Ancestry [18] Number (As of 2022)%
American1,646,8307.4
Arab159,4210.7
Czech50,2360.2
Danish38,4480.2
Dutch141,6010.6
English1,885,5068.5
French (except Basque)378,7391.7
French Canadian101,1140.5
German2,007,4139.0
Greek93,0860.4
Hungarian99,4170.4
Irish1,827,8028.2
Italian1,281,4965.8
Lithuanian37,3760.2
Norwegian120,1150.5
Polish463,3132.1
Portuguese99,3940.4
Russian171,6380.8
Scotch-Irish148,9420.7
Scottish319,8471.4
Slovak31,9930.1
Subsaharan African174,6950.8
Swedish146,5720.7
Swiss36,0610.2
Ukrainian75,4600.3
Welsh83,6870.4
West Indian (excluding Hispanic origin groups)971,3414.4

Birth data

Note: Births in the table exceed 100% because some Hispanics are counted both by their ethnicity and by their race, giving a higher overall number.

Live Births by Single Race/Ethnicity of Mother
Race 2013 [19] 2014 [20] 2015 [21] 2016 [22] 2017 [23] 2018 [24] 2019 [25] 2020 [26] 2021 [27] 2022 [28]
White:154,791 (71.8%)159,035 (72.3%)162,594 (72.5%)157,006 (69.8%)154,504 (69.1%)157,945 (71.3%)156,463 (71.1%)148,661 (70.9%)......
> Non-Hispanic White 98,586 (45.7%)100,837 (45.8%)102,549 (45.7%)99,344 (44.1%)96,280 (43.1%)95,868 (43.2%)93,590 (42.5%)88,080 (42.0%)91,223 (42.2%)91,763 (40.9%)
Black 52,959 (24.6%)53,148 (24.1%)53,699 (23.9%)48,928 (21.7%)49,428 (22.1%)48,174 (21.7%)47,730 (21.7%)45,585 (21.7%)45,710 (21.1%)47,635 (21.2%)
Asian 7,265 (3.4%)7,402 (3.4%)7,603 (3.4%)7,178 (3.2%)7,015 (3.1%)6,996 (3.2%)7,069 (3.2%)6,539 (3.1%)6,506 (3.0%)6,592 (2.9%)
American Indian 392 (0.2%)406 (0.2%)373 (0.2%)237 (0.1%)429 (0.2%)413 (0.2%)400 (0.2%)229 (0.1%)227 (0.1%)386 (0.2%)
Hispanic (of any race)59,206 (27.5%)61,849 (28.1%)64,078 (28.6%)65,895 (29.3%)67,049 (30.0%)67,201 (30.3%)68,234 (31.0%)66,156 (31.6%)69,375 (32.1%)74,864 (33.4%)
Total215,407 (100%)219,991 (100%)224,269 (100%)225,022 (100%)223,630 (100%)221,542 (100%)220,002 (100%)209,671 (100%)216,260 (100%)224,433 (100%)

Languages

As of 2010, 73.36% of Florida residents age 5 and older spoke English at home as a primary language, while 19.54% spoke Spanish, 1.84% French Creole (mostly Haitian Creole), 0.60% French and 0.50% Portuguese. In total, 26.64% of Florida's population age 5 and older spoke a mother language other than English. [29]

Florida's public education system identified more than 200 first languages other than English spoken in the homes of students. [30] In 1990, the League of United Latin American Citizens (LULAC) settled a class action lawsuit against the state Florida Department of Education with a consent decree that required educators to be trained in teaching English for Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL). [31]

Article II, Section 9, of the Florida Constitution provides that "English is the official language of the State of Florida." This provision was adopted in 1988 by a vote following an Initiative Petition.

A Miami accent has developed among persons born and/or raised in and around Miami-Dade County and a few other parts of South Florida. [32] It is more prominent among Hispanics (especially Cuban Americans and other Latino groups, influenced by the Spanish language). [33] [34]

Top Languages in Florida
LanguagePercent of
population
(2010) [29]
English 73.36%
Spanish 19.54%
French Creole
(including Haitian and Antillean Creoles)		1.84%
French 0.60%
Portuguese 0.50%
German 0.42%
Tagalog, Vietnamese, Italian (tied)0.31%
Arabic 0.22%
Chinese 0.20%
Russian 0.18%
Polish 0.14%

Religion

Religion in Florida (2014) [35]

   Protestantism (46%)
   Roman Catholicism (21%)
   Mormonism (1%)
   Jehovah's Witnesses (1%)
  Other Christian (1%)
   No religion (24%)
   Judaism (3%)
  Other religion (3%)

Florida residents identify as mostly of various Protestant groups. Roman Catholics make up the single largest denomination in the state. Florida residents' current religious affiliations are shown in the table below: [35]

Veterans

There were 1.6 million veterans in Florida in 2010, representing 8% of the total population. [36]

Migration

In 2013, most net migrants come from 1) New York, 2) New Jersey, 3) Pennsylvania, and 4) the Midwestern United States; emigration is higher from these same states. For example, about 50,000 moved to New York; but more than 50,000 people moved from New York to Florida. [37]

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References

  1. ↑ "Census Counts: 1830-2020". Florida County Population Census Counts: 1830 to 2020. Office of Economic and Demographic Research, The Florida Legislature. 2023. Archived from the original on April 4, 2022. Retrieved June 11, 2023.
  2. 1 2 "General Population Characteristics FLORIDA 1980 Census of Population" (PDF). 07553445v1chA-Cpt11sec1ch002.pdf. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved June 11, 2023.
  3. 1 2 "1990 Census of Population General Population Characteristics Florida Section 1 of 2" (PDF). Florida: 1990, Part 1. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved June 11, 2023.
  4. 1 2 "PL002: HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT ... - Census Bureau Table". PL002 | HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE [73]. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved March 21, 2023.
  5. 1 2 "P2: HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT ... - Census Bureau Table". P2 | HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved June 11, 2023.
  6. 1 2 "P2: HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT ... - Census Bureau Table". P2 | HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved June 11, 2023.
  7. 1 2 "US Census Quickfacts, Population Estimates, July 1 2023". Census.gov. United States Census Bureau. Archived (PDF) from the original on April 26, 2021. Retrieved December 24, 2023.
  8. ↑ "State Population Facts - Florida". npg.org. Archived from the original on March 30, 2008. Retrieved April 2, 2008.
  9. 1 2 3 4 Florida Population: Census Summary 2020 (PDF). University of Florida. 2021.
  10. ↑ Perry, Marc; Rogers, Luke; Wilder, Kristie (December 22, 2022). "New Florida Estimates Show Nation's Third-Largest State Reaching Historic Milestone". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved December 3, 2023.
  11. ↑ "U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Florida". www.census.gov. Retrieved April 10, 2024.
  12. 1 2 Hodgson, Ian (December 28, 2022). "Florida is the fastest-growing state in the nation, Census estimates show". Tampa Bay Times. Retrieved December 13, 2023.
  13. ↑ Michael B. Sauter; Douglas A. McIntyre (May 10, 2011). "The States With The Oldest And Youngest Residents". wallst.com.
  14. ↑ CBS MIAMI TEAM (December 6, 2023). "Expert on Florida population growth: "It's the highest number it's ever been"". CBS NEWS Miami. Retrieved December 13, 2023.
  15. ↑ "State-to-State Migration Flows". Census.gov.
  16. ↑ "U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Florida". Census Bureau QuickFacts. December 21, 2010. Retrieved August 11, 2019.
  17. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "B03002 HISPANIC OR LATINO ORIGIN BY RACE - Florida - 2021 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates". U.S. Census Bureau. July 1, 2021. Retrieved July 8, 2023.
  18. ↑ "Explore Census Data". data.census.gov.
  19. ↑ "Births: Final Data for 2013" (PDF). cdc.gov.
  20. ↑ "Births: Final Data for 2014" (PDF). cdc.gov.
  21. ↑ "Births: Final Data for 2015" (PDF). cdc.gov.
  22. ↑ "Births: Final Data for 2016" (PDF). cdc.gov.
  23. ↑ "Births: Final Data for 2017" (PDF). cdc.gov.
  24. ↑ "Data" (PDF). www.cdc.gov. Retrieved December 2, 2019.
  25. ↑ "Data" (PDF). www.cdc.gov. Retrieved March 27, 2021.
  26. ↑ "Natality, 2016-2020 expanded Results Data current as of 2020" . Retrieved January 24, 2022.[ permanent dead link ]
  27. ↑ "Data" (PDF). www.cdc.gov. Retrieved February 2, 2022.
  28. ↑ "Data" (PDF). www.cdc.gov. Retrieved April 4, 2024.
  29. 1 2 "Florida". Modern Language Association. Archived from the original on December 1, 2007. Retrieved August 15, 2013.
  30. ↑ MacDonald, Victoria M. (April 2004). "The Status of English Language Learners in Florida: Trends and Prospects" (PDF). Education Policy Research Unit, Arizona State University. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 9, 2014. Retrieved May 24, 2013.
  31. ↑ "League of United Latin American Citizens (LULAC) et al. vs. State Board of Education et al. Consent Decree". United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida. August 14, 1990. Archived from the original on June 17, 2013. Retrieved May 24, 2013.
  32. ↑ "'Miami Accent' Takes Speakers By Surprise". Articles - Sun-Sentinel.com . June 13, 2004. Archived from the original on August 20, 2012. Retrieved September 2, 2013.
  33. ↑ "Miami Accents: Why Locals Embrace That Heavy "L" Or Not". WLRN-TV and WLRN-FM. August 27, 2013. Retrieved September 2, 2013.
  34. ↑ "Miami Accents: How 'Miamah' Turned Into A Different Sort Of Twang". WLRN-TV & WLRN-FM. August 26, 2013. Retrieved September 2, 2013.
  35. 1 2 "Adults in Florida". Pew Research Center.
  36. ↑ "What each state's veteran population looks like, in 10 maps". The Washington Post. November 11, 2014. Retrieved August 11, 2019.
  37. ↑ Fishkind, Hank (March 15, 2014). "Harsh winters make Florida attractive for visitors, moves". Florida Today. Melbourne, Florida. pp. 4A. Retrieved March 28, 2014.
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