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The Kingdom of Nepal, also known as the Gorkha Empire or Asal Hindustan (transl. Real Land of the Hindus), was a Hindu kingdom in South Asia, formed in 1768, by the unification of Nepal. Founded by King Prithvi Narayan Shah, a Gorkha monarch who claimed to be of Khas Thakuri origin, it existed for 240 years until the abolition of the Nepalese monarchy in 2008. During this period, Nepal was formally under the rule of the Shah dynasty, which exercised varying degrees of power during the kingdom's existence.
Balbhadra Kunwar Chhetri was a Gorkhali military commander and administrator in the Kingdom of Nepal. He is one of the National heroes of Nepal. He was highly praised for his military skill for the defence of Nalapani fort in the Anglo-Nepalese War (1814–1816). He was Captain in the Nepalese military and was tasked as commander to protect the forts of Dehradun.
The Unification of Nepal, also known as Expansion of Gorkha Kingdom, officially began in 1743 AD after King Prithvi Narayan Shah of Gorkha launched an aggressive annexation campaign seeking to broaden his own kingdom's border. After conquering the Nepal Mandala, which consisted of the different city-states of the Kathmandu, Lalitpur, Kirtipur and Bhaktapur, Shah moved his hilly capital in Gorkha to the fertile and wealthy city of Kathmandu and adopted the name Nepal for the entire Gorkha Empire.
Chhetri, historically called Kshettriya or Kshetriya or Khas are Nepali speakers of Khas community, some of whom trace their origin to migration from medieval India. Chhetri was a caste of administrators, governor and military elites in the medieval Khas Kingdom and Gorkha Kingdom. The nobility of the Gorkha Kingdom mainly originated from Chhetri families. They also had a strong presence in civil administration affairs. The bulk of prime ministers of Nepal before the democratization of Nepal belonged to this caste as a result of the old Gorkhali aristocracy. Gorkha-based aristocratic Chhetri families included the Pande dynasty, the Basnyat dynasty, the Kunwar family, and the Thapa dynasty,.
Religion in Nepal encompasses a wide diversity of groups and beliefs. Nepal is a secular nation and secularism in Nepal under the interim constitution is defined as 'religious, cultural freedom, along with the protection of religion, culture handed down from time immemorial that is "the state government is bound for protecting and fostering Hindu religion" while maintaining "religious" and "cultural" freedom throughout the nation as fundamental rights. Nepal's most widely practiced religions are Hinduism and Buddhism, which account for 81.3% and 9.04% of the national population respectively. According to a survey, Nepal is the most religious Hindu-majority country in the world, with most of the important Hindu pilgrimage centers concentrated in this country. Nepal is also the birthplace of Siddhartha Gautama, because of which Buddhism has a very special place in the country and is often intertwined with Hinduism among some communities. Nepal is a multi-cultural, multi-ethnic, multi-lingual and multi-religious nation through democracy. Shiva is widely regarded as the guardian deity of Nepal. Nepal is home to the world-famous Pashupatinath Temple, a UNESCO World Heritage Site where Hindus from around the world come for pilgrimage purposes. According to Hindu Itihasa, the goddess Sita of the epic Ramayana was born in the Mithila Kingdom of King Janaka Raja. The national animal of Nepal is the cow, which is considered a sacred animal in Hinduism. Because of this, the slaughter of cows is illegal in Nepal.
Gautam Buddha International Airport, also known as Bhairahawa Airport, is an international airport located in Siddharthanagar serving Lumbini in Lumbini Province, as well as the Butwal﹣Siddharthanagar urban agglomeration in Nepal. Since May 2022, it is Nepal's second international airport, after previously only handling domestic services.
The West Himalayish languages, also known as Almora and Kanauric, are a family of Sino-Tibetan languages centered in Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand and across the border into Nepal. LaPolla (2003) proposes that the West Himalayish languages may be part of a larger "Rung" group.
Damodar Pande was the Mulkaji of Nepal from 1803 to 1804 and most influential Kaji since 1794 to his death on March 13, 1804. He is also arguably referred to as the first Prime Minister of Nepal. He was the youngest son of famous Kaji of Prithivi Narayan Shah Kalu Pande. He was born in 1752 in Gorkha. Damodar Pande was one of the commanders during the Sino-Nepalese War and in Nepal-Tibet War. And he was among successful Gorkhali warriors sent towards the east by Prithivinarayan Shah.
Bhim Nidhi Tiwari(Nepali: भीमनिधि तिवारी) (1911–1973) was a leading Nepali poet, novelist and playwright. He was a well-known poet of the post-1950s era and was a firm believer in social reforms and wrote against smoking, drinking, and gambling. He published over 38 works in various styles.
Abhiman Singh Basnet/Basnyat was first Commander-in-Chief of Unified Nepal. Abhiman Singh became the first Commander in Chief of a United Nepal after General Kalu Pande died during his second attempt to capture Kirtipur.
Khil Raj Regmi was de facto Prime Minister of Nepal from 2013 to 2014. Regmi has served as Chief Justice of Nepal since May 2011, having been appointed by President Ram Baran Yadav after the expiry of the term of his predecessor, Chief Justice Ram Prasad Shrestha. In early 2013, the main political parties agreed to install Regmi as chairman of cabinet on a short-term basis, to oversee elections. He was sworn in on 14 March 2013 by President Yadav.
Mahesh Chandra Regmi was a historian and archivist of Nepal. In 1977, he became the first Nepali to receive the Ramon Magsaysay Award, for creating the Regmi Research Series. It was in recognition of his “chronicling of Nepal’s past and present, enabling his people to discover their origins and delineating national options.” In honor of the contributions made by Regmi to the scholarship on Nepal, the Kathmandu-based academic NGO Social Science Baha instituted the annual Mahesh C. Regmi lecture series in 2003, the first of which was attended by Regmi himself, just weeks before his death.
Bista is a family name of people of Nepal belonging to Khas people group under the caste Chhetri, sub-groups of Kshatriya varna and the Bahun caste of Brahmin varna. They are Hindu with a local Masto deity. They speak Nepali language as mother tongue. In India, Bista/Bistas are spelled as Bisht/Bishts or Bist/Bists and are titled as Rajputs. They are mostly found in Indian state of Uttarakhand. Bista is also a surname belonging to the Brahmins of the Kumain Bahun subcaste.
In 2015, Nepal introduced constitutional recognition for "gender and sexual minorities". Despite this, the rights situation of intersex people in Nepal is unclear. Local activists have identified human rights violations, including significant gaps in protection of rights to physical integrity and bodily autonomy, and protection from discrimination. A first national meeting of intersex people look place in early 2016,Organised by First openly Intersex Rights Activist Esan Regmi in Nepal. with support from the UNDP.
On 14 March 2013, former Chief Justice of Nepal Khil Raj Regmi was sworn in as the interim Prime Minister of Nepal after the major parties of Nepal agreed to let an Independent politician lead the government and prepare the 2013 Nepalese Constituent Assembly election. It was agreed that Regmi had to hand over the power to the new Government of Nepal which would emerge from the elections slated for 21 June 2013 with the amendment that Regmi would keep heading the government until the actual government would be sworn in. Regmi appointed a technocratic Council of Ministers consisting of retired civil servants.
Deepika Prasain, also known by her married name Deepika Prasain Bhattarai is an Nepalese film actress. Prasain debuted as an actress from Aishwarya (2017), she rose to fame after her leading role in Chhakka Panja 3 (2018).
The family of Badakaji Amar Singh Thapa was a noble Chhetri family in the central politics of Kingdom of Nepal as well as former military aristocracy of Gorkha Kingdom. The family of Bhimsen Thapa and the family of Amar Singh Thapa were two Bagale Thapa families and part of larger Thapa caucus at the central politics of the Kingdom of Nepal.
Shakti Ballav Aryal was a Nepalese writer, translator, and a Hindu priest.
Prasain or Prasai is a surname belonging to the Khas people of both the Brahmin and Chhetri caste from Nepal.
References
- 1 2 3 Regmi, Dan Raj; Prasain, Balaram. 2017. A sociolinguistic survey of Dhuleli . Linguistic Survey of Nepal (LinSuN), Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Sino-Tibetan branches | |||||
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| Western Himalayas (Himachal, Uttarakhand, Nepal, Sikkim) |
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| Eastern Himalayas (Tibet, Bhutan, Arunachal) | |||||
| Myanmar and Indo-Burmese border |
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| East and Southeast Asia |
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| Dubious (possible isolates) (Arunachal) |
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| Proposed groupings | |||||
| Proto-languages | |||||
Italics indicates single languages that are also considered to be separate branches. | |||||
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