 | This article relies largely or entirely on a single source .(December 2014) |
| GWR 1813 Class | |||||||||||||||||||
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 No. 1813 as rebuilt with saddle tank | |||||||||||||||||||
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The Great Western Railway's 1813 Class was a series of 40 0-6-0 T built at Swindon Works in two lots of 20 engines each. No. 1813 was sold to the Pembroke & Tenby Railway in May 1883 becoming No.7 Holmwood, retaining this name after being absorbed by the GWR. Nearly all of these engines spent their lives on the GWR's Southern Division.
| Year | Quantity | Lot No. | Works Nos. | Locomotive numbers | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1882–83 | 20 | 59 | 906–925 | 1813–1832 | |
| 1883–84 | 20 | 60 | 926–945 | 1834–1853 |
The "missing" number 1833 was also an 0-6-0T built in 1882, but not of this class – it was one of Dean's experimental locomotives, being of a different design. [2]
This was the first 0-6-0 T design of William Dean and in its concept and dimensions may be regarded as the precursor of all the larger GWR pannier tanks of the 20th century, such as the 5700 and 9400 classes:
As built, they had domeless boilers with round-top fireboxes, and side tanks. [3]
Between 1894 and 1906 all but two (nos. 1817/53) of the 1813s were rebuilt with saddle tanks, and between 1903 and 1906, five were rebuilt with either short or full-length pannier tanks, resulting in a very early example of this type of engine. All but one (no. 1829) of the rest were so converted between 1911 and 1927, as had become standard practice on the Great Western. [4]
The class also carried an unusually wide variety of different boilers. With one exception (no. 1817) all of the original domeless boilers were replaced by domed boilers with round-top fireboxes between 1894 and 1902, and these were of two principal types: most had their domes on the front half of the boiler barrel, but some had the dome on the rear half of the barrel. Several locomotives were fitted with both types at different times. [4]
No. 1817 had its domeless boiler replaced by a domed boiler having a Belpaire firebox in 1904, and from 1905 onwards, all but two (nos. 1825/9) of the others had their domed round-top boilers replaced by domed Belpaire boilers. Although the round-top type continued to be fitted, there were no reversions from Belpaire to round-top. As with the round-top boilers, the dome could be either on the front half or the rear half of the boiler barrel, but only nos. 1816/43 had the dome at the front, and both were subsequently given replacement boilers having domes on the rear half. The last conversion from round-top to Belpaire occurred in 1927. [4]
Beginning in 1915, thirty of the locomotives were provided with superheaters, in several cases this occurred when the locomotive was also rebuilt from round-top to Belpaire. All of the superheated boilers had Belpaire fireboxes with the dome mounted on the rear half of the boiler barrel. Just over half of the superheater conversions subsequently reverted to using saturated steam. [5]
Withdrawal commenced in May 1928. Most of the class were withdrawn over the next eleven years, leaving six (nos. 1823/31/5/8/46/7) still in service at the outbreak of World War II. Five of these were withdrawn between 1944 and 1947, leaving one (No. 1835) which alone passed into British Railways stock, to be withdrawn in January 1949. [6]
A tank locomotive is a steam locomotive which carries its water in one or more on-board water tanks, instead of a more traditional tender. Most tank engines also have bunkers to hold fuel; in a tender-tank locomotive a tender holds some or all of the fuel, and may hold some water also.
The Great Western Railway 3700 Class, or City Class, locomotives were a series of twenty 4-4-0 steam locomotives, designed for hauling express passenger trains.
George Jackson Churchward was an English railway engineer, and was chief mechanical engineer of the Great Western Railway (GWR) in the United Kingdom from 1902 to 1922.
The GWR 4100 Class was a class of steam locomotives in the Great Western Railway (GWR) of the United Kingdom.
The Great Western Railway 3252 or Duke Class were 4-4-0 steam locomotives with outside frames and parallel domed boilers. They were built in five batches between 1895 and 1899 for express passenger train work in Devon and Cornwall. William Dean was their designer, possibly with the collaboration of his assistant, George Jackson Churchward. Four prototype 4-4-0s, of the Armstrong Class, had already been built in 1894.
The Bulldog and Bird classes were double-framed inside cylinder 4-4-0 steam locomotives used for passenger services on the Great Western Railway. The Bird Class were a development of the Bulldogs with strengthened outside frames, of which a total of fifteen were built. A total of 121 Bulldogs were built new, with a further twenty rebuilt from Duke Class locomotives. Thirty Bulldogs were later rebuilt as Earl Class locomotives and renumbered 3265, 3200-3228.
The GWR 5700 Class is a class of 0-6-0PT steam locomotive built by the Great Western Railway (GWR) and British Railways (BR) between 1929 and 1950. With 863 built, they were the most prolific class of the GWR, and one of the most numerous classes of British steam locomotive.
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The Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway Class 27 is a class of 0-6-0 steam locomotive designed for freight work on the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway (L&YR).
The GWR 2021 Class was a class of 140 0-6-0ST steam locomotives. They were built at the Wolverhampton railway works of the Great Western Railway between 1897 and 1905. 1897 was the very year of George Armstrong's retirement, so it is uncertain if the design should be attributed to him or to his superior at Swindon, William Dean.
The steam dome is a vessel fitted to the top of the boiler of a steam engine. It contains the opening to the main steam pipe and its purpose is to allow this opening to be kept well above the water level in the boiler. This arrangement acts as a simple steam separator and minimises the risk that water will be carried over to the cylinders where it might cause a hydraulic lock, also known as priming.
The GWR 645 Class was a class of 0-6-0ST designed by George Armstrong and built at the Wolverhampton railway works of the Great Western Railway (GWR). Thirty-six were constructed between 1872-3, of which three were built for the South Wales Mineral Railway (SWMR), two for the Carmarthen and Cardigan Railway (C&CR) and the remainder for the GWR. In essence, they were saddle tank versions of his GWR 633 Class of 1871. From 1878, a further 72 of the class, partially enlarged, were added in the 1501 numbering sequence. Unlike the originals, the "1501"s had full-length saddle tanks from the start.
The GWR 2721 Class was a class of 0-6-0ST steam locomotives. They were designed by William Dean and built at the Swindon Works of the Great Western Railway between 1897 and 1901.
Between 1854 when the Shrewsbury and Chester and Shrewsbury and Birmingham Railways were absorbed by the Great Western Railway, and 1864 when he moved south to Swindon Works, Joseph Armstrong occupied the post of the GWR's Locomotive Superintendent, Northern Division, at Wolverhampton Works. For ten years the task of providing new locomotives for the GWR's newly acquired standard gauge lines fell jointly to Armstrong and to his superior Daniel Gooch, the railway's principal Locomotive Superintendent who was based at Paddington.
The GWR 322 Class tank engines comprised six Great Western Railway outside-framed 0-6-0 steam locomotives, originally built by Beyer, Peacock, and Company as 322 class tender engines and subsequently rebuilt in 1878–85 as saddle tank locomotives by George Armstrong at Wolverhampton Works.
The GWR 633 Class were 0-6-0Ts designed by George Armstrong and built at the Wolverhampton railway works of the Great Western Railway between November 1871 and April 1872. These were always Southern Division locomotives, but over the years some were fitted to work the Metropolitan lines and played a large role in the transportation of goods from Acton to Smithfield. Unusually for the GWR, they had side tanks instead of saddle tanks and inside frames. Their wheels were 4 ft 6+1⁄2 in (1,384 mm) in diameter and wheelbase was 15 ft 6 in (4.72 m), with a weight of 34 long tons 12 cwt. There were twelve locomotives numbered 633–644.
The GWR Class 850 was an extensive class of small 0-6-0ST locomotives designed by George Armstrong and built at the Wolverhampton railway works of the Great Western Railway between 1874 and 1895. Aptly described as the GWR equivalent of the LB&SCR "Terrier" Class of William Stroudley, their wide availability and lively performance gave them long lives, and eventually they were replaced from 1949 by what were in essence very similar locomotives, the short-lived 1600 Class of Frederick Hawksworth, which in the headlong abandonment of steam outlived them by a mere seven years or so.
The 1016 Class consisted of sixty double framed 0-6-0ST locomotives designed by George Armstrong and built at the Wolverhampton Works of the Great Western Railway between 1867 and 1871. Like the earlier 302 Class of Joseph Armstrong, the 1016s had 4 ft 6 in (1.372 m) wheels and a 15 ft 6 in (4.72 m) wheelbase, dimensions that would remain traditional for the larger GWR pannier tanks right through to Charles Collett's 5700 Class, and with little change to Frederick Hawksworth's 9400 Class of 1947.
The GWR 1854 Class was a class of 0-6-0T steam locomotives designed by William Dean and constructed at the Swindon Works of the Great Western Railway. The class used similar inside frames and chassis dimensions to the 1813 Class of 1882-4. In this they differed from the intervening 1661 Class, which had reverted to the double frames of the Armstrong era. Thus the 1854 Class belongs to the "mainstream" of GWR 0-6-0T classes that leads towards the larger GWR pannier tanks of the 20th century.
The GWR 101 Class consisted of a single experimental 0-4-0T side-tank steam locomotive. It was built at GWR Swindon Works under the direction of George Jackson Churchward in June 1902.