The Rhymney Railway (RR) was a railway company in South Wales, founded to transport minerals and materials to and from collieries and ironworks in the Rhymney Valley of South Wales, and to docks in Cardiff. It opened a main line in 1858, and a limited passenger service was operated in addition.
The first line was dependent on the cooperation of the parallel Taff Vale Railway (TVR) for part of the transit, and this relationship was uneasy; the Rhymney Railway built an independent line to Cardiff in 1871. Better relations were created with the London and North Western Railway (LNWR), and later the Great Western Railway (GWR), and two important joint lines with the GWR were built: the Taff Bargoed line (1876) and the Quakers Yard and Merthyr Joint line (1882).
Although the Rhymney Railway network was never large, it was remarkably profitable, and paid excellent dividends for most of its life. Dependent on mineral traffic for its own success, it declined in the 1970s, but the main line from Rhymney to Cardiff remains in heavy use as a local passenger line.
Before the Rhymney Railway
System map of the Rhymney Railway (shown in red) in 1871
The head of the River Taff valley, at Dowlais, Merthyr Tydfil and Rhymney, was the scene of huge expansion of industrial iron founding from 1760 onwards. All the ingredients were close at hand: iron ore, coal, timber and limestone. One particular resource needed to be provided, and that was transport to market. For some time this was done on the backs of animals; the road system was extremely poor in the area, and the provision of a turnpike helped, but pack animal transport was nonetheless expensive.
Canals were built: the Glamorganshire Canal and the Monmouthshire Canal. Tramroads were already in existence to bring the minerals to the ironworks, and now they could be built to convey the finished product to the canals. The authorising Acts of Parliament for the canals included a clause empowering pit owners to build a connecting tramroad to the canal if the canal company failed to do so, provided the pit was within a certain distance of the canal. Compensation was to be paid to landowners over whose property the tramroad might pass, but no further legislative authority needed to be sought.
In 1800 the iron-founding industry was established at Rhymney, and this encouraged the inclusion in the 1802 Monmouthshire Canal Act of a tramroad connecting Nantybwch to the Union Iron Works in Rhymney. There were soon several ironworks in the immediate area, and a small network of tramroads developed to serve them. In 1815 the Bryn Oer Tramway was opened, connecting the ironworks northward to Trefil and on over the hills to Talybont, where a connection was made with the Abergavenny Canal.[1][2]
In 1825 the Rumney Railway was incorporated. It is usually referred to as the "Old Rumney Railway", and had no organisational connection with the later Rhymney Railway. It opened about 1826, running from Rhymney to Pye Corner, on the margin of modern Newport, where it joined the Sirhowy tramroad.[1][3]
The conveyance of the output of the ironworks at Merthyr and Dowlais remained a serious issue,[citation needed] and eventually, in 1840, the Taff Vale Railway was built as the solution to the problem. In that year and the following year the line was completed between Merthyr and Cardiff Docks. Then in 1847 the Newport, Abergavenny and Hereford Railway opened its Taff Vale Extension Railway, a long route from Pontypool in the east to Crumlin in the west at first, then extended into the Aberdare valley intersecting many valleys and connecting with many railways.
The Taff Vale Railway had a branch line to Llancaiach, where there were productive collieries. This spate of railway building in South Wales, mirroring that in England, encouraged thoughts of a railway serving the Rhymney ironworks. An agreement was reached with the Taff Vale Railway that it would convey the Rhymney traffic over its line from Llancaiach. Separate dock facilities at Cardiff would be provided, at what became Bute East Dock.
A bill for the Rhymney Railway went to Parliament in the 1854 session and received royal assent on 24 July 1854 as the Rhymney Railway Act 1854 (17 & 18 Vict. c. cxciii). It was to build a railway from the Rhymney ironworks, down the west bank of the River Rhymney, to a junction with the Newport, Abergavenny and Hereford Railway near Hengoed. This main line was to be 9+1⁄2 miles (15.3km) long, and there was also to be a 2+3⁄4-mile (4.4km) branch from Pont Aberbargoed up the Bargoed Rhymney valley to Ysgwyddgwyn. Share capital was to be £100,000.[1][2][4]
The maritime destination which the line was to reach was described in the Act as "the ports [plural] of the Bristol Channel" and the armorial bearing of the company included the coast of arms both of Cardiff and Newport, although no reason has been recorded for the Newport connection.
The connection to the NA&HR at Llancaiach was refused on account of objection by that company, so the Rhymney Railway was without the route to the docks that it sought. It returned to Parliament the following year. It almost doubled its extent by obtaining sanction to build on from Hengoed to Walnut Tree Bridge, joining the Taff Vale Railway near Taffs Well, a line of 9+1⁄2 miles (15.3km), with a 1-mile (1.6km) branch to Caerphilly and a 30-chain (0.60km) branch connecting north to west on to the NA&HR at Hengoed. In addition there was a 1+1⁄4-mile (2.0km) branch from Crockherbtown Junction, immediately north of the present Cardiff Queen Street station, to the Bute Dock. Running powers were granted over the Taff Vale Railway between Walnut Tree Bridge and Crockherbtown Junction.
The authorised share capital was more than doubled, an additional £130,000 being authorised by this second act of 2 July 1855, the Rhymney Railway (Amendment) Act 1855 (18 & 19 Vict. c. cx).[1][2][3][4]
The engineer for the works was Joseph Cubitt; the Earl of Bute was the owner of the Bute Docks and his trustees built the branch to the docks, leasing it to the Rhymney Railway at 4% on capital of £67,633.
Construction proceeded but the cost of the work proved to be considerably underestimated, and in 1857 parliamentary authority was obtained to increase the share capital to £300,000. The Bute Docks branch was the first to be completed, being ready in September 1857, although the Rhymney Railway itself was not yet in a position to make use of it; some Taff Vale Railway traffic passed over it.
The approach to the junction with the TVR at Walnut Tree involved excavating a cutting to the extent of 1,000,000 cubic yards (760,000m3) of earth.[2][3]
Opening of the line
Thursday 25 February 1858 was fixed for the opening: 24 wagons loaded with 150 tons of Rhymney iron formed the first train, followed by a second of 40 mineral wagons containing 240 tons.[2] The line was single-track throughout.[1]
Passenger traffic started on 31 March 1858. There were two trains each way daily, taking 90 minutes for the 24 miles (39km) from Cardiff to Rhymney. Three weeks later the service was augmented to three passenger trains each way daily. The Cardiff station was at Adam Street,[note 1] and the trains ran non-stop from there to Walnut Tree; from there the stations were Caerphilly, Ystrad, Hengoed, Pengam, Bargoed, Tir-phil and Rhymney. At Hengoed the trains made connections with the Taff Vale Extension line trains.
From the outset the company was in difficulty. The capital expenditure had far exceeded the budget for the work, and interest and other prior charges exceeded the net income, particularly as mineral traffic did not develop as rapidly as had been hoped. Friction developed with the Taff Vale Railway from an early date, and the Rhymney's dependency on the TVR for working its traffic over the TVR main line left the Rhymney vulnerable.[1]
The Bute Trustees approached the Rhymney company with an offer: to lease the undertaking for 250 years retrospectively from 1 January 1860; to deal with all prior charges and in addition pay 5% on the ordinary stock from the beginning of 1865, rising gradually to that figure in the meantime. This offer was remarkably advantageous to the Rhymney's proprietors, but in 1860 and again in 1861 Parliament refused to sanction the arrangement, and the Rhymney Railway was left to resolve its problems alone.
Financial strains
Frustrated with the difficulties of operating over the TVR into Cardiff, the Rhymney Railway submitted a Bill in the 1861 session to build an independent line between Walnut Tree and Cardiff, but this failed in Committee, although a further extension of authorised capital was permitted. The Bute trustees evidently wished the Rhymney Railway to succeed, for they now agreed "in consideration of the capitalisation of the rent due to them" that dividends and other interest payments should have precedence over their own financial claims. The Bute Trustees were already giving the Rhymney company considerably better terms for using the dock than they had granted to the Taff Vale Railway; this was a sore point with the TVR company.[1]
From 1862 the profitability of the company eased a little and a modest dividend was paid. However the operating difficulties over the TVR section only became worse; and in 1863 the Rhymney Railway submitted a bill to make the direct line to Cardiff from Caerphilly. On 25 July 1864, the Rhymney Railway (Cardiff & Caerphilly) Act was passed, with further capital of £210,000. The running powers between Walnut Tree and Cardiff would be extinguished, except for traffic to the new docks at Penarth, from the date of opening of the direct line. A separate Act on the same day gave permission for a short stub to make a connection east of Caerphilly with the Brecon and Merthyr Railway's Caerphilly branch.[4]
In fact the construction of the line proved very difficult at a time when money was becoming very scarce; as well as labour problems the Caerphilly Tunnel gave exceptional difficulty. At 1mile 173yards (1.768km) in length it was a hard drive, and an unknown spring in the middle during construction proved difficult to get under control.[note 2][1][2]
Brecon and Merthyr Railway
In 1859 the Brecon and Merthyr Tydfil Junction Railway (B&MR) had been incorporated, to build a line from the north at Brecon, into Merthyr Tydfil, Dowlais and Rhymney. At first this appeared to complement the Rhymney Railway's activity, but the mood gradually changed and in 1863 the B&MR acquired the Old Rumney Railway, with the obvious intention of reaching the docks at Newport and competing directly with the Rhymney Railway. In self-defence the Rhymney Railway, seeing this coming, had obtained Parliamentary powers for a Bargoed Rhymney branch line, covering pretty much the same terrain as the B&MR intentions.[1]
The wasteful competition was abated when the two companies agreed reluctantly to cooperate. The Rhymney Railway built the southern part of the route from Bargoed to Deri Junction, there to form an end-on junction with the B&MR line. (The location was later the site of Darran and Deri station.) The Rhymney's part of the line opened in March 1864. The B&MR was approaching from the north, and was ready for traffic in 1865, but legal complications prevented actual opening until March 1868.
Mutual running powers were agreed, in the Rhymney's case as far as Pantywaun Junction, 4 miles (6km) above Deri (where the Dowlais Ironworks railway system made a junction with the B&MR line), although in practice they were only used as far as Fochriw Colliery.
The Deri branch of the Rhymney Railway was doubled in 1909.[1]
The LNWR was friendly towards the Rhymney Railway and a physical connection was obviously desirable, so the Rhymney Railway (Northern Lines) Act of 25 July 1864 authorised a line northward from Rhymney to Nantybwch on the MT&AR.[1]
The Rhymney Railway and the LNWR agreed to construct the connecting line jointly, and running powers were granted to the Rhymney along the MT&AR as far as Ebbw Vale, although in practice these were not used. The LNWR did well out of the exchange of running powers, receiving the right to run to Cardiff and Penarth over the RR system, although this required the acquiescence of the Taff Vale Railway, which was not easily obtained.
The 3-mile (5km) line was opened formally on 5 September 1871, although the public opening was not until 2 October 1871. The line climbed at 1 in 35 to Rhymney Bridge station, and from there to Nantybwch the joint line was part of the MT&AR. The LNWR immediately made use of the route to get access to Cardiff for general goods traffic; until this time it had passed via Newport, being transshipped there to broad gauge wagons as the former South Wales Railway route was still broad gauge.[1][2][3][4]
The LNWR now carried a lot of traffic to Cardiff and soon was receiving complaints that it had inadequate warehousing facilities there; it responded by building its own goods station at Tyndall Street.[5]
Taff Bargoed Line
System map of the Rhymney Railway (shown in red) in 1886
In 1867 the Rhymney Railway was considering how it might reach Dowlais and Merthyr directly. The trade in the iron industry was changing, and no longer was locally extracted iron ore dominant in the iron foundries of Dowlais: imported ore was being used to an increasing extent, and being hauled up the gradient from the coastal ports. The obvious route appeared to be the Taff Bargoed valley, as yet without railway access. At the same time the Great Western Railway had a corresponding idea, and on 29 March 1867 the Rhymney and the GWR agreed to build the line jointly. This was ratified by an Act of 12 August 1867. There was to be a generous exchange of running powers.[1][2]
It was to run from a junction near Llancaiach on the Taff Vale Extension line, to Dowlais (Cae Harris), a distance of 9+1⁄4 miles (14.9km), making a connection there with the tramroad network of the Dowlais Iron Company.
There were serious labour difficulties in constructing the line, however, and it did not open until 10 January 1876.[note 3] A short branch from Cwm Bargoed on the Taff Bargoed line to Fochriw Colliery was opened as part of the works. At Dowlais, as well as connecting directly to the Dowlais Iron Company's network, the new railway had a branch known as the Zig-zag Branch on the south-west side of Dowlais; the zig-zag climbed at 1 in 35 to gain height to reach another part of the Dowlais complex.
Much of the main line of the Taff Bargoed line climbed to Dowlais at 1 in 40 and 1 in 49, against loaded traffic.[1] The summit on the line is at an altitude of 1,250 feet (381m) above sea level.[3] The stations on the line were Bedlinog and Cwm Bargoed but halts were built later for the Bedlinog, Nantwen, Nantyffin and Penydarren collieries.[2][3][6]
Caerphilly to Cardiff line opened
On 1 April 1871 the Rhymney Railway was at last able to open its own direct Caerphilly to Cardiff line. It had a falling gradient all the way to Cardiff, where it made a junction with its own line to the Bute Docks. It was double track.[2][3]
Crockherbtown junction had been the point of divergence of the Taff Vale Railway and the Rhymney lines to the docks. Now the new line joined in there, but without the facility of running direct from Caerphilly to the TVR docks. The Cardiff station at Adam Street was closed to passengers, and a new Cardiff station, Cardiff Crockherbtown, north of the present-day Cardiff Queen Street was established. The TVR Cardiff station was on the south side of the thoroughfare.[note 4][1]
Ystrad Mynach to Penalltau Junction
In 1871 another, short branch was opened: it was from Ystrad Mynach on the Rhymney main line to Penalltau Junction on the Taff Vale Extension line. By this time the Great Western Railway had taken over the Newport, Abergavenny and Hereford Railway (through its successor, the West Midland Railway) so the Taff Vale Extension was GWR territory. The line had been extended to Middle Duffryn in the Aberdare Valley, and connected there with the Vale of Neath Railway, also now controlled by the GWR. As part of the deal when the Taff Bargoed line was agreed with the GWR, the Rhymney Railway had secured running powers through Aberdare to Hirwaun.
The new line would therefore give it access, from Ystrad Mynach, to the hugely expanding mineral resources of the Aberdare region, as well as to the Taff Bargoed line at a junction near Llancaiach.[1] The line opened on 27 September 1871.[2][3]
Congestion, and doubling the line
Apart from the new Cardiff to Caerphilly line, the Rhymney Railway was all single track, and the massive expansion of mineral traffic was becoming difficult to handle, leading to complaints about passenger train delays. The company was forced to double the line between Caerphilly and Ystrad Mynach in 1872, and other expensive improvements, as well as enhancements to the locomotive fleet, had to follow.[1]
The Pontypridd, Caerphilly and Newport Railway
Newport Docks had long been dominant in the area, and had been expanding continuously for some time. The owners naturally wished to maximise the mineral traffic through their docks, and were held back by the difficult connection from the Taff Vale.
The Rhymney had to improve its Caerphilly–Penrhos Junction line, which had not been kept up to a standard suited to passenger work since its own trains over this line had ceased in 1871.[2]
The RR and the LNWR got running powers to Pontypridd, and the PC&NR got running powers into Cardiff over the Rhymney Railway. The Rhymney's powers to Pontypridd were rendered unusable by the obstructive attitude of the TVR.[1]
Quakers Yard and Merthyr Joint Line
A further joint venture with the Great Western Railway led to Merthyr Tydfil. Although the GWR already had a presence at Merthyr through the Vale of Neath line, up to that point the Taff Vale Railway had a monopoly of the direct routes from Merthyr to the south and east.
Now the Quakers Yard and Merthyr line was opened on 1 April 1886 from the Taff Vale Extension line at Quakers Yard running up the west side of the River Taff to Merthyr, ending at the GWR station there. Colliery and ironstone pit connections were made intermediately, and a branch line spur crossed the Taff to get access to the important Merthyr Vale colliery.[1][3][6]
There was already a railway running part of the way down the west bank: the private Gethin Railway belonging to the Cyfarthfa Ironworks, and this could be latched onto in the vicinity of Abercanaid, and a simple spur provided where it crossed the GWR Hirwain line to bring the joint trains into Merthyr High Street station.[2]
The line opened for passenger traffic on 1 April 1886,[note 6] trains using the High Street station at Merthyr. The new line crossed over the Taff Vale line and the Glamorganshire Canal shortly after leaving Quakers Yard GWR (later High Level) station, and at nearly 2 miles (3km) south there was a branch on the east side to the Merthyr Vale group of coal pits, crossing the river on a long steel viaduct. There were stations at Aberfan and Abercanaid, and the service was worked by the Rhymney company. At Cyfarthfa Level Crossing Junction, where the spur to the former Vale of Neath line ran round Glyndyris Pond, the private Gethin Railway ran straight on to the Cyfarthfa Ironworks, with a branch to the east running up to the Ynys Fach works, and Rhymney goods trains and workmen's trains ran up to Cyfarthfa Furnace Tops.
The QY&MR Joint Line crossed the river Taff immediately after leaving Quakers Yard station. The near collapse of the viaduct over the river was the cause of the termination of the passenger operation on the QY&M line in February 1951.
The line above Merthyr Vale was singled in 1952.[2]
On 1 February 1894 the Aber branch, to Senghenydd, at the head of a steep valley formed by the Nant-yr-aber stream, was opened. This line of 3+1⁄2 miles (5.6km) was constructed to serve collieries that were developing in the valley; it had been authorised by act of 25 July 1890.[1][3]
1 mile (1.6km) of track had been laid up the valley in 1865 to serve the Tir Gibbon and Hendredenny collieries. By an Act of 25 July 1890 this was to be converted into a proper branch line for goods and passengers, the sponsors being the Windsor Steam Coal Company and the Lewis Merthyr Consolidated Collieries. There was a passing place at Abertridwr, near where the Windsor colliery was sunk. From Penyrheol, 3⁄4 mile (1.2km) from Aber, there was a continuous climb starting at 1 in 58 and steepening to 1 in 49 near the terminus, which comprised a station, extensive colliery sidings and a locomotive shed.[2]
Passenger traffic ceased in 1964.[2] The line continued to serve Windsor Colliery at Abertridwr until 30 June 1977 when an underground link was opened between the colliery and Nantgarw Colliery which was served by a branch from the Cardiff-Pontypridd line.[7] The line closed on 5 September 1977.[7]
Cylla branch
On 30 May 1895 the Cylla branch was authorised. It took some time to be made ready, the first section opening on 1 August 1906, serving a Powell Duffryn colliery.[3] The complete branch did not open until 1909. It diverged from the Rhymney main line at Ystrad Mynach, occupying the fork between the main line and the Penalltau line, and running northwards to Cylla and Penrhiwfelin, a total of 2miles 13chains (3.48km). The line was for mineral traffic only and never carried passengers, but there was a miners' service.[1]
Ordnance Survey maps for 1919, 1921–22 and 1938 show a Penrhiwfelin Halt at the head of the branch.[8]
The line closed in 1991 after the end of coal winning at Penallta Colliery.[4]
Barry Railway
In 1896 the Barry Railway began an invasion of the Rhymney Railway's territory. It had been opened with the object of providing competition for the mineral traffic of Cardiff Docks and the Taff Vale Railway, which together suffered from severe congestion, and in the view of their customers, high rates and poor service. The Barry founded new docks at Barry itself, and opened a line from the Rhondda to Barry in 1889.
On 7 August 1896 the Barry Railway got an Act for a Rhymney branch; it was to be a prodigious extension, running form a junction with its main line near St Fagans, turning northeast and crossing the River Taff near Taffs Well, following closely the original line of the Rhymney Railway to Penrhos Upper Junction, and then striking north and crossing the Rhymney valley to join the Brecon and Merthyr Railway.
The Barry Railway's Rhymney branch opened for freight traffic on 1 August 1901. The further line to cross the valley and join the B&M line was opened for goods and mineral traffic on 2 January 1905. Three years later, 1+1⁄4million tons of coal were taken from the Rhymney system down to Barry.[1][2]
The Barry Railway had asked for running powers over the Rhymney Railway and over the Taff Bargoed Joint line but these were refused, except for powers into Caerphilly station.
The Barry's new line opened for goods and mineral traffic on 1 August 1901, but in the meantime, on 25 July 1896, the Barry had returned to Parliament for even more ambitious powers: to continue the line from Penrhos Junction to join the Brecon and Merthyr Railway, by crossing the Rhymney Valley by a large viaduct at Pwll-y-pant.
This extension line opened for goods and mineral traffic on 2 January 1905.[1]
Railmotors
The Taff Vale Railway introduced what it called "motor cars" (that is, railmotors) in 1905. These were single coaches incorporating a small steam engine integrated with the coach. The intention was to enable station calls at low-cost structures in rural areas.
The Rhymney Railway observed the considerable success of the Taff Vale scheme, and in 1907 procured two such vehicles from Hudswell Clarke to its own design; the steam engine part was a small 0-4-0tank engine with 3ft 6in (107cm) wheels. The carriage part was supplied by Cravens. There were soon complaints of unsteady running, and a trailing axle was added to the locomotive unit, with 2ft 9in (84cm) wheels.
Several small halts were put up to make use of these cars, but the vehicles were not a success; one was rebuilt in 1910, making a separate carriage and engine. The other was used until 1919 on the Penrhiwfelin workmen's train, and then modified in the same way as the other.[2]
Westinghouse brake
When the Company incorporated a continuous brake into its train working, it adopted the Westinghouse brake for passenger trains. This was the only use of the Westinghouse system in Wales, except the North Wales Narrow Gauge Railways. However, for a long time the Eames non-continuous vacuum brake was used on many of the mineral engines.[3]
The Bute Docks system wished to operate railways outside the dock area, where it had an extensive system, and it formed the Cardiff Railway for the purpose.
On 1 March 1911 the Cardiff Railway started to run a railmotor passenger service over their newly built line to Rhydyfelin. For this purpose the Rhymney station at Cardiff was used, together with 1+3⁄4 miles (2.8km) of line as far as Heath South, at which point the Cardiff Railway trains reached their own system.[3]
After 1922
Most of the railways of Great Britain were "grouped" in 1922–23, following the Railways Act 1922. They were formed into one or other of four new large companies, and in the area under consideration that was the Great Western Railway. The Rhymney Railway was a constituent of the new GWR.
This took place from January 1922, although the Amalgamation tribunal did not give assent until 25 March, this was the official date.
In the final year of operation a dividend of 9 per cent on the Ordinary shares was maintained, as it had been since 1916. The following are the figures for 1921:[9]
Capital
issued
£2,403,707
expenditure
£2,416,203
Mileage
lines owned
38mi 43ch (62.02km)
share of joint lines
10mi 12ch (16.33km)
leased or worked
1mi 39ch (2.39km)
share of lines leased or worked jointly
70ch (1.41km)
Total single track including sidings
170mi 78ch (275.16km)
Originating traffic
Passengers (including workmen)
4,733,471
Merchandise
163,210 tons
Coal and coke
2,448,950 tons
Other minerals
119,991 tons
Total goods and minerals
2,732,151 tons
Receipts and expenditure
Receipts
£875,286
Expenditure
£756,879
Net receipts
£118,407
From 1948
In 1948 the Great Western Railway was nationalised, in common with other main line railways in Great Britain.
For some years the mineral operation that had always been the primary business of the Rhymney Railway continued, but over later decades coal extraction in South Wales declined, steeply in the early 1980s.
At the same time local passenger operation increased in importance, notwithstanding substantial improvements to the road network in the valleys. The difficult road access to Cardiff itself, and general traffic congestion in the city, were advantageous to the Rhymney line, particularly as access from Caerphilly south was through the tunnel.
Practically all freight operation on the system has disappeared; a very limited residual service to Cwmbargoed may still be in operation.[citation needed]
A new station called Lisvane and Thornhill was opened on 4 November 1986, replacing Cefn Onn Halt, a little-used golfing halt, which closed on 27 September.
The buildings of the former Cardiff Parade station were demolished in 1989.
The part of the original main line between Taffs Well and Caerphilly, informally referred to as "the Big Hill", was closed on 21 June 1982, although the last train was a special on 23 October 1982.
The Taff Bargoed branch had (at Nelson & Llancaiach station) the short Ocean Branch for Deep Navigation and Taff Merthyr collieries and Trelewis Drift mine, and in October 1983 the line between Cwmbargoed and Dowlais Furnace Top closed.
Trelewis closed in 1989 when British Coal invested in opencast operations at Cwmbargoed.
Deep Navigation Mine closed in March 1991 but removal of surface stock continued by rail until January 1992. In October 1992 Taff Merthyr colliery closed.[4]
Officers
Cornelius Lundie, from the outset of the line and for more than 40 years, was General Manager, Traffic Manager and Superintendent of the line. Upon his retirement in 1904,[10] the Rhymney did a spring cleaning, which notably included the scrapping of his favourite engine, which he had been preserving for a number of years.
Several original Rhymney Railway coaches have survived into the present day. Coaches No.95 and 109 stand in private residence. An unidentified six-wheel brake also resides in storage with the National Museums & Galleries of Wales.[13] Only one wagon, a goods van, is known to still exist today, stored at the National Museum of Wales.[14]
Tredegar Nantybwch; MT&AR station; opened 1 March 1864; renamed Nantybwch 1868; closed 13 June 1960;
Rhymney Bridge; Nantybwch and Rhymney Joint Railway station; opened 2 October 1871; closed for Joint line traffic 23 September 1953; completely closed 6 January 1958;
[Quakers Yard; Taff Vale Extension line station; opened 5 October 1864; Quakers Yard High Level from the 1890s; closed 15 June 1964].[15][16][17]
Notes
↑ The site is now occupied by the Knox Road multi-storey car park.
↑ The spring gave 60million imperial gallons (270,000m3) of water annually for locomotive purposes in later years.
↑ Barrie, and Kidner. Hopwood says mineral traffic on 20 December 1875, and passengers on 1 February 1876. MacDermot says goods 10 January 1876 and passengers 1 February 1876.
↑ At this time the road now called Queen Street was known as Crockherbtown Street, hence the name of the railway junction. It was renamed Queen Street by decision of the Town Council on 12 December 1886, in honour of the Golden Jubilee of Queen Victoria.
↑ Kidner says on page 24, "The last chapter ended with the joint GWR/RR line from Quaker's Yard to Merthyr under construction; this opened for passenger traffic on 18th August, 1882". This is a mistake.
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The Barry Railway Company was a railway and docks company in South Wales, first incorporated as the Barry Dock and Railway Company in 1884. It arose out of frustration among Rhondda coal owners at congestion and high charges at Cardiff Docks as well the monopoly held by the Taff Vale Railway in transporting coal from the Rhondda. In addition, the Taff Vale did not have the required capacity for the mineral traffic using the route, leading to lengthy delays in getting to Cardiff.
Nelson is a village and community in the County Borough of Caerphilly, Wales. It sits five miles north of Caerphilly and ten miles north of Cardiff, at the lower end of the Taff Bargoed Valley, and lies adjacent to Treharris, Trelewis and Quakers Yard.
Fochriw is a village in Caerphilly County Borough, Wales. It was well known for its neighbouring collieries, which employed nearly the entire local population in the early 20th century. It lies within the historic county boundaries of Glamorgan. The village appears as the backdrop on the BBC Wales sitcom High Hopes credits. The village's population was 1,250 in 2011.
The Pontypridd, Caerphilly and Newport Railway was built to bring the coal output of the Aberdare and Rhondda valleys directly to Alexandra Docks at Newport.
The Merthyr, Tredegar and Abergavenny Railway, also known as the Heads of the Valleys line, was a railway line which operated between 1860 and 1958 between the Monmouthshire town of Abergavenny and the Glamorgan town of Merthyr Tydfil in South East Wales.
The Llantrisant and Taff Vale Junction Railway was a railway company that constructed a standard gauge line in South Wales, connecting Llantrisant and the Taff Vale Railway near Treforest. It ran through thinly populated country, and linked to a number of iron mines, collieries and other mineral sites. It opened in stages in 1863 and 1864. In 1865 through passenger trains from the Cowbridge Railway ran over the line, to Pontypridd, although for some time there were no passenger stations on its own network. At the Llantrisant end, it was reliant on broad gauge railway companies which were not always friendly to it. The company leased its line to the Taff Vale Railway in 1870.
The Llancaiach Branch railway line was a mineral branch line in Glamorganshire, South Wales. It was authorised in 1836 as part of the Taff Vale Railway, and its purpose was to connect collieries at Llancaiach and bring their output to Cardiff for onward shipment. It was designed by Isambard Kingdom Brunel and built on the standard gauge. It opened in 1841 from a junction with the Merthyr line immediately south of Abercynon. It was intended to be horse worked, and included a self-acting rope-worked inclined plane near the junction. The collieries were slow to use the line, preferring their customary use of a tramroad and the Glamorganshire Canal, and the value of the line was diminished when the Taff Vale Extension line, an east-west connecting line belonging to the Newport, Abergavenny and Hereford Railway, intersected it and cut off the colliery connections, and the line became dormant.
Rail transport in Cardiff has developed to provide connections to many other major cities in the United Kingdom, and to provide an urban rail network for the city and its commuter towns in southeast Wales. Today, there are three train operating companies in Cardiff: Great Western Railway, CrossCountry and Transport for Wales.
The Ely Valley Railway (EVR) was a broad gauge railway company in South Wales, which opened a mineral line between Llantrisant station on the South Wales Railway main line and pits at Mwyndy and Penrhiwfer in 1860.
Hengoed Viaduct is a disused railway viaduct located above the village of Maesycwmmer, in Caerphilly county borough, South Wales. Grade II* listed, it was originally built to carry the Taff Vale Extension of the Newport, Abergavenny and Hereford Railway (NA&HR) across the Rhymney River, and is now part of National Cycle Route 47.
Walnut Tree Viaduct was a railway viaduct located above the southern edge of the village of Taffs Well, South Wales. Originally built to carry the Barry Railway across a narrow gorge through which the River Taff, Taff Vale Railway and Cardiff Railway passed, it was deconstructed in 1969, leaving only two of the support columns visible from the A470 road.
Llancaiach railway station was originally opened by the Newport, Abergavenny and Hereford Railway on the Taff Vale Extension which later amalgamated with the Great Western Railway between Pontypool and Quakers Yard. The station served the village of Nelson and the hamlet of Llancaiach in the county borough of Caerphilly from 1858 to 1912, when a more modern station was built.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Hopwood, Harold L. (September 1924). "The Rhymney Railway: An Historical Sketch, 1854–1922". The Railway Magazine.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Barrie, D. S. M. (1994). Baughan, Peter (ed.). A Regional History of the Railways of Great Britain. Volume 12: South Wales (reviseded.). Nairn: David St John Thomas. ISBN0-946537-69-0.
↑ Briwnant Jones, Gwyn; Dunstone, Denis (1999). The Origins of the LMS in South Wales. Llandysul: Gomer Press. ISBN1-85902-671-0.
1 2 MacDermot, E. T. (1931). History of the Great Western Railway. Volume II: 1863–1921. London: Great Western Railway.
1 2 Long, Charles, ed. (November 1977). "Aber Valley line closed". Modern Railways. Vol.34, no.350. p.451.
↑ Ordnance Survey of Great Britain, Glamorganshire, 1919, 1:2,500; Glamorhanshire 1921-1922, 1:10,560; Monmouthshire 1922, 1:10,560, Glamorganshire 1938, 1:10,560
↑ Semmens, Peter (1990) [1985]. History of the Great Western Railway. Volume 1: Consolidation, 1923–1929 (Studio Editions reprinted.). London: George Allen and Unwin. ISBN0-04385104-5.
↑ Davies, F. K.; Firth, J. M.; Lucking, J. H.; Thomas, R. E.; Allcock, N. J.; Sterndale, A. C.; Barrie, D. S. M.; Reed, P. J. T.; Mountford, E. R. (April 1966). White, D. E. (ed.). The Locomotives of the Great Western Railway, part ten: Absorbed Engines, 1922–1947. RCTS. pp.K98, K196. ISBN0-901115-20-7.
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