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Sir Haydn is a narrow gauge steam locomotive, built by Hughes's Locomotive & Tramway Engine Works (later known as the Falcon Works), Loughborough in 1878. It operated on the Corris Railway in Wales, until closure in 1948, and since 1951 has operated on the nearby Talyllyn Railway. It has carried the operating number 3 under four successive owners.
The Corris Railway was a 2 ft 3 in (686 mm) gauge tramway built in 1859, which ran from Machynlleth north to Corris and on to Aberllefenni to serve local slate quarries. Originally, the line was horse-drawn, but three identical 0-4-0 ST locomotives, numbered 1 to 3, were ordered from Hughes' in 1878. [2] Between 1883 [3] and 1900, the locos were fitted with trailing pony trucks, converting each of them into an 0-4-2 ST . [4] [5] The locomotives after conversion resembled a locomotive built by Hughes for the Snailbeach District Railway and named Belmont. This locomotive was scrapped in 1912.
In December 1885, the Talyllyn Railway wrote to the board of the Corris Railway asking to buy one of the Hughes locomotives. Although the sale did not take place, it was a precursor to the post-preservation purchase of No. 3 by the Talyllyn more than 60 years later. [6]
In 1921, the Corris acquired a fourth locomotive from Kerr Stuart and No.2 became a standby. No. 1 had received a new boiler in 1913, which had seen little use, and in 1922 the railway began the process of creating one working locomotive from components of the three Hughes locos. Evidence suggests that the resulting locomotive had: frames made up of plates from Nos. 1 and 3; the boiler and saddle tank of No. 1; the cab and bunker of No. 3; and possibly motion parts from No. 2. It is most accurate to say No. 1 was rebuilt using parts from the other locomotives, but the resulting engine carried number 3, including its works plates. [6]
No. 2 remained largely intact at Machynlleth station until 1928. [5] At the end of the 1920s negotiations began to sell the Corris Railway to the Great Western Railway and a report dated 12 October 1929 stated that locos 1 and 2 had been "marked off for some time as scrap"; [7] they were handed over to a local scrap merchant and excluded from the assets taken on when the purchase was completed on 4 August 1930.
In the Great Western period the line was largely dependent on the slate output of Aberllefenni Quarry, which from 6 April 1935 was leased by the local member of parliament and owner of the Talyllyn Railway, Sir Henry Haydn Jones. [8] His support for rail transport for the quarry's output was critical in keeping the railway open up to and including World War Two; without this support it is likely that the railway would have closed and the locomotives been scrapped. No. 3 was still working when the Corris came under the control of British Railways following nationalisation in 1948, but operation under this organisation proved short-lived as the last train ran on 20 August that year.
It then was left under tarpaulin at the rear of the Corris Railway's Machynlleth station along with the other remaining Corris engine, No. 4. [9]
The Talyllyn Railway was built in 1865 and ran from Towyn (now spelt Tywyn) to the slate quarries of Bryn Eglwys, only a few miles from Corris. It had the same gauge as the Corris Railway but, unlike that line, used steam locomotives from the start. The Talyllyn Railway and quarries were bought by Sir Henry Haydn Jones in 1911. The venture made little money. The quarries closed in 1946, but Haydn Jones continued to operate the railway at a loss until his death in 1950. [10]
That same year, a group of enthusiasts, including the author Tom Rolt, started a society to operate the railway on a volunteer basis. With the agreement of Haydn Jones' widow, control of the railway passed to the newly formed preservation society. [11] One of the major problems facing the railway was a lack of working locomotives: Talyllyn had been out of service for some years and Dolgoch was in need of a major overhaul. The society purchased the two remaining Corris locos from British Railways for £25 each (equivalent to £992in 2023). [12] [13]
No. 3 had been unnamed on the Corris. After arriving on the Talyllyn it was named Sir Haydn after the former owner of the railway. At the time, the crucial role that Haydn Jones had played in keeping the Corris running in the 1930s was not fully appreciated. He had played an important part in ensuring that No. 3 survived. Both No. 3 and No. 4 kept their Corris numbers, giving both locos the unusual distinction of carrying the same number through the ownership of four different railway companies: the Corris, Great Western, British Railways and Talyllyn Railway. [14] [15]
Both railways were built to the unusual gauge of 2 ft 3 in (686 mm) which meant the Corris locomotives could run on the Talyllyn unchanged. Sir Haydn was in better condition than No. 4 and became the first new locomotive to travel on the Talyllyn for over 85 years. But the loco suffered from frequent derailment and could not be used safely. It turned out that the Talyllyn track was laid approximately 0.5 inches (13 mm) wider than the official gauge, a deliberate policy by the old company to accommodate the long wheelbase of Talyllyn. The two original Talyllyn locomotives had wide wheel treads that allowed them to stay on the wide-of-gauge track. This problem was eventually cured by fitting wider wheel treads to Sir Haydn and by a Territorial Army members' exercise in 1953 that relaid the railway to its correct gauge. The original cab, which only had an opening on the right-hand side, was replaced in the 1960s with a cab that was shorter and had openings on both sides.
The Corris Railway was reopened to passengers in 2002, and No. 3 returned there in June 2003 for a month of running trains to celebrate the railway's rebirth. It returned again at the end of April 2012 to run a series of special trains before the expiry of its boiler certificate in May, and remained at Corris until 24 April 2013. Afterwards No. 3 commenced a tour of various railway sites in England to help raise funds for an overhaul, which was undertaken at the Vale of Rheidol Railway workshops, in Aberystwyth, before returning to service on the Talyllyn in June 2018.
Alan Keef constructed a new locomotive based on the design of No. 3 for the Corris Railway. The first steaming took place on 24 September 2022 [16] and it was delivered to Corris on 30 August 2023 to Maespoeth.
The character Sir Handel in The Railway Series and Thomas & Friends is based on Sir Haydn.
In the 1980s, the Talyllyn Railway repainted Sir Haydn to represent Sir Handel. Christopher Awdry wrote this into the 1985 book Great Little Engines, explaining that Sir Handel was visiting the line to help out. An incident in which Sir Haydn ran into a tree branch and was given a bandage and eyepatch was turned into a story in the book, with almost no alteration from the real event.
The Corris Railway is a narrow gauge railway based in Corris on the border between Merionethshire and Montgomeryshire in Mid-Wales.
The Talyllyn Railway is a narrow-gauge railway in Wales running for 7+1⁄4 miles (12 km) from Tywyn on the Mid-Wales coast to Nant Gwernol near the village of Abergynolwyn. The line was opened in 1865 to carry slate from the quarries at Bryn Eglwys to Tywyn, and was the first narrow gauge railway in Britain authorised by Act of Parliament to carry passengers using steam haulage. Despite severe underinvestment, the line remained open, and in 1951 it became the first railway in the world to be preserved as a heritage railway by volunteers.
Pennal is a village and community on the A493 road in southern Gwynedd, Wales, on the north bank of the River Dyfi, near Machynlleth.
Aberllefenni quarry is the collective name of three slate quarries, Foel Grochan, Hen Gloddfa and Ceunant Ddu, located in Cwm Hengae, just to the west of Aberllefenni, Gwynedd, North Wales. It was the longest continually operated slate mine in the world until its closure in 2003. Foel Grochan is the quarry on the north side of the valley, facing Ceunant Ddu and Hen Gloddfa on the south; all three were worked as a single concern throughout their history. Rock was mainly extracted underground, though all three quarries had open pits as well.
Sir Henry Haydn Jones was a Welsh Liberal Party politician.
The Plynlimon and Hafan Tramway was a 2 ft 3 in gauge narrow gauge railway in Cardiganshire in Mid Wales. It ran from Llanfihangel station on the Cambrian Line, through the village of Tal-y-bont and the valley of the Afon Leri, into the foothills of Plynlimon Fawr. It was built to serve the lead mines at Bwlch Glas and stone quarries around Hafan and opened in 1897, closing just two years later. The line was a little over 7 miles (11 km) long and, despite running a short-lived passenger service, it served no communities of more than 100 people.
Maespoeth Junction is a railway station south of Corris in Gwynedd. It lies in the historic county of Merionethshire/Sir Feirionnydd, in the valley of the Afon Dulas. It was a junction on the historic Corris Railway, the site of the railway's locomotive sheds and workshop, and since 2002 a station on the preserved railway.
Braichgoch slate mine was a large slate mine located in Corris Uchaf, north Wales. It operated continuously from 1787 until its closure in 1970, apart from a hiatus in the 1900s. Most of the surface workings of the quarry were removed as part of a road widening and landscaping scheme in 1983.
Bryn Eglwys quarry was a slate quarry and mine near Abergynolwyn, in Merionethshire, Wales. More than 300 men worked at the site, making it the principal employer in the area. Two veins of slate, known as the Broad Vein and the Narrow Vein, were worked. The geology continues eastwards towards Corris and Dinas Mawddwy, and westwards towards Tywyn. It was one of many quarries that worked these veins.
Garneddwen is a hamlet in the south of the county of Gwynedd, Wales. It lies in the historic county of Merionethshire/Sir Feirionnydd, in the valley of the Afon Dulas.
Aberllefenni was a station on the Corris Railway in Merioneth, Wales. It was opened in 1887 as the northern passenger terminus of the railway. It closed to passengers in 1931, and to all traffic in 1948.
Corris is a station on the Corris Railway in Merioneth, Wales. It was built in 1859 when the railway was first opened as the Corris, Machynlleth and River Dovey Tramroad and was briefly the northern terminus of the line. It closed to passengers in 1931, and to all traffic in 1948.
Edward Thomas is a narrow gauge steam locomotive. Built by Kerr Stuart & Co. Ltd. at the California Works, Stoke-on-Trent in 1921, it was delivered new to the Corris Railway where it ran until 1948. After that railway closed, the locomotive was brought to the Talyllyn Railway in 1951, then restored, and remains in working order at the heritage railway. It has carried the operating number 4 under four successive owners.
The Ratgoed Tramway was a 2 ft 3 in gauge horse-worked tramway that connected the remote Ratgoed Quarry with the Corris Railway at Aberllefenni. It was 1.75 miles (2.82 km) long.
Cymerau quarry was a slate quarry served by the Ratgoed Tramway, a horse-worked section of the Corris Railway. It is located about half a mile north of Aberllefenni in Merioneth, North Wales, on the eastern side of the isolated Cwm Ceiswyn. It worked the Narrow Vein, the highest-quality slate vein in the Abercorris Group.
The Abercwmeiddaw quarry was a slate quarry that operated between the 1840s and 1938. It was located at Corris Uchaf about 5 miles (8.0 km) north of Machynlleth, in Gwynedd, north-west Wales. The quarry was connected to the Corris Railway via the Upper Corris Tramway which carried its products to the Cambrian Railways at Machynlleth for distribution.
The Llwyngwern quarry was a slate quarry in Wales that opened by 1828 and continued working until about 1950. The quarry is located on the western flank of Mynydd Llwyn-gwern.
Railway with a Heart of Gold is a 1965 short documentary film about the Talyllyn Railway in Mid-Wales, filmed by American filmmaker Kit Davidson. Filmed in 1953, it portrays the operation of the railway and experiences of the volunteers in the early years of its preservation.
Machynlleth was a station on the Corris Railway in Merioneth, Wales. It was opened in 1863 as a pair of wharves for the transshipment of slate onto the Newtown and Machynlleth Railway. In 1878, it was opened to passenger traffic, replacing the earlier Machynlleth Town, and was adjacent to the standard gauge station of the same name. It closed to passengers in 1931, and to all traffic in 1948.
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