Hurricane Hone

Last updated
Map key
Saffir–Simpson scale
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
Disc Plain black.svg Tropical cyclone
Solid black.svg Subtropical cyclone
ArrowUp.svg Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

On August 17, a small low-pressure area developed far to the southeast of the Hawaiian Islands. [3] Producing disorganized showers and thunderstorms, this low-pressure area drifted near 140°W, while a second, broader area of low pressure developed to the east later that day. [4] The western disturbance was given the designation EP90, while the eastern disturbance was designated EP91. EP90 gradually became better organized, while EP91 remained broad and disorganized, located between EP90 to its west and Tropical Storm Gilma to its east. [5] The twin disturbances continued to interact, and eventually merged on August 21, forming a new well-defined area of low pressure. [6] On August 22, the disturbance moved into the North Central Pacific tropical cyclone basin. [7] By 15:00 UTC that day, the system had acquired enough deep convection over its low-level circulation center (LLCC) to be designated Tropical Depression One-C. [8] Six hours later, the depression was upgraded to Tropical Storm Hone as the cyclone began to produce gale-force winds and its curved rainbands improved in structure. [9]

Hone after crossing the International Date Line on September 3 Hone 2024-09-03 0650Z.jpg
Hone after crossing the International Date Line on September 3

Hone gradually strengthened through August 23 and 24. Despite lacking much deep convection, Hone had a well-defined cloud field, while over moderately warm sea surface temperatures (SSTs). [10] Hone developed more deep convection and convective banding as it intensified. The storm moved just north of due west under the influence of a subtropical ridge to its north. [11] Continuing on this trajectory, at 8:00 UTC on August 25, Hone strengthened into a Category 1 hurricane. Around this time, the cyclone was passing 50 nautical miles south of South Point on the Big Island. [12] Hone reached its peak intensity at 15:00 UTC on August 25 with maximum sustained winds of 85 mph (135 km/h) and a minimum barometric pressure of 988 mbar (29.2 inHg). [13] Increasing wind shear and drier air caused Hone to begin to weaken as it continued westward away from Hawaii. On August 26, Hone weakened back to a tropical storm. [14] Gradually losing deep convection and organization, Hone continued to spin down over open waters while facing increasingly strong wind shear. [15] Early on August 30, while moving steadily to the west-northwest, Hone weakened to a tropical depression. [16] However, a persistent burst of convection within the system made it a tropical storm again early the following day. [17] Hone continued to meander near the International Date Line. Although Hone moved northward into more favorable environmental conditions, with warm SSTs and lower wind shear, interaction with a nearby area of low pressure, dryer air and the storm's increasingly ragged low-level circulation center (LLCC) prevented Hone from strengthening more. [18] Hone and the low eventually merged, resulting in the system's extratropical transition on September 1. [19]

On September 2, the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) stated Hone had entered the Western Pacific basin as a tropical depression. [20] However, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) designated Hone a subtropical depression, and noted the cyclone was in an environment marginally unfavorable for development. [21] Hone began exhibiting a highly asymmetric convective structure, characterized by convective bands encircling a broad center, [22] while being located under a deep subtropical trough with low to moderate vertical wind shear. [23] The JTWC stopped tracking Hone on September 4 as it determined the system had dissipated. [24] However, the JMA continued to monitor the cyclone, maintaining Hone as a tropical depression, until it was last noted by the agency at 06:00 UTC on September 8. [25]

Preparations and impact

Preparations

Hone (left), alongside Hurricane Gilma (center), and Tropical Storm Hector (right), on August 26 Hone, Gilma and Hector on August 26, 2024.jpg
Hone (left), alongside Hurricane Gilma (center), and Tropical Storm Hector (right), on August 26

Both the National Hurricane Center (NHC) and Central Pacific Hurricane Center (CPHC) warned of Hone's potential to bring heavy rainfall and strong winds and waves to portions of the main Hawaiian Islands while the system was still developing. [7] [8] Stronger winds from Hone presented the threat of spreading wildfires across the Big Island and Maui, a year after the devastating 2023 Hawaii wildfires which were partially influenced by Hurricane Dora. [26] Hawaii County Civil Defense was activated on August 22, while the county's Department of Public Works assessed infrastructure on the big island ahead of Hone's expected passage to the south. The 2024 International Va’a Federation finals, an international competition in the sport of outrigger canoeing (va’a), was scheduled to end early due to the weather threats. [1] [27] A tropical storm watch and flood watch were both issued for the Big Island shortly after Hone's formation, while a tropical storm warning was put in place for offshore waters surrounding the entire state. [28] The tropical storm watch was upgraded to a warning for the Big Island at 3:00 UTC on August 24. [10] A red flag alert, indicating conditions were very favorable for a wildfire, was issued for 10AM to 6PM HST on August 24 due to Hone's strong winds pushing dry air north of the storm over parts of the island chain. [2] Wind advisories were also issued for the islands of Maui, Oahu and Kauai. [29] Flood mitigation equipment, such as culverts, were prepared for the coming storm by emergency management officials in Maui. [30]

On August 24, Hawaii Governor Josh Green issued an emergency proclamation for the state. [31] Hawaiian Airlines issued a travel waiver for those with flights to Hilo or Kona on August 24 and 25. Various high school sport and youth outdoors events were cancelled by the Hawaii High School Athletic Association and Department of Land and Natural Resources, respectively. [32] Despite this, the Hawaii Tourism Authority informed travelers that it was still safe to come to the island during Hone's passage, but to avoid outdoor activities. [2] All of Hawaii's campgrounds were closed through August 26 due to the storm, as well as Punaluʻu Beach and Whittington Beach parks. [33] [34] Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park was closed due to tropical storm conditions. [35] As rounds of rain from Hone began to impact the Big Island, flash flood watches were issued there as well. [36] While Hone moved erratically northwest of Hawaii, a tropical storm watch was issued for Kure Atoll, Midway Atoll and part of the Papahanaumokuakea Marine National Monument. [37] The watches were eventually discontinued when Hone was designated an extratropical cyclone by the CPHC. [18] [19]

Impact

Hurricane Hone
Hone 2024-08-25 1137Z.jpg
Hurricane Hone south of the Big Island on August 25
Wettest tropical cyclones and their remnants in Hawaii
Highest-known totals
PrecipitationStormLocationRef.
Rankmmin
1147358.00 Lane 2018 Kahūnā Falls, Hawaii [38]
2132152.00 Hiki 1950 Kanalohuluhulu Ranger Station [39]
398538.76 Paul 2000 Kapapala Ranch 36 [40]
470028.82 Hone 2024 Hakalau [41]
563525.00 Maggie 1970 Various stations [42]
651920.42 Nina 1957 Wainiha [43]
751620.33 Iwa 1982 Intake Wainiha 1086 [44]
847618.75 Fabio 1988 Papaikou Mauka 140.1 [44]
938715.25 Iselle 2014 Kulani NWR [45]
1038115.00 One-C 1994 Waiākea-Uka, Piihonua [46]

Very heavy rainfall occurred across the Big Island of Hawaii as Hurricane Hone passed to the south, with communities in the Kaʻū District, between Nāʻālehu and South Point seeing as much as 2 in (51 mm) of rain falling per hour. [47] Rainfall totals reached 10 in (250 mm) to 15 in (380 mm) inches across the island, with more local flooding of 18 in (460 mm) or higher. [48] The highest rainfall occurred in Hakalau, where more than 27.5 in (700 mm) fell, while the USGS Saddle Quarry station recorded nearly 20 in (510 mm). [49] [50] The rainfall, however, was beneficial in some areas as it alleviated fears of wildfires and allowed red flag warnings to be discontinued. Only a small wildfire occurred on the night of August 23 in Waikoloa on the Big Island, located within the drier side of the island. [51] Strong winds also impacted the Big Island, with a maximum wind gust of 72 mph (116 km/h) recorded at Kohala Ranch. [50]

Life-threatening surf and rip currents impacted Hawaii as well due to Hone. [52] The hurricane generated waves of fourteen to eighteen feet along the eastern shores of the Big Island and Maui. [53] Flooding and fallen trees caused the closing of several roads on the Big Island, including Hawaiian Highway 11, between Kona and Hilo. [51] At least 7,200 people lost power within the first few hours of Hone's passage. [36] That number rose to 11,099 by midnight local time on August 25. [54] A total of almost 26,000 people lost electricity due to Hone, the majority of them on the Big Island. [48] However, power was restored to all but 2,000 by the next day. [55] Strong winds and large waves lashed the island as Hone approached. [56] The intense weather from Hone caused several flight cancellations at Hilo International Airport. [32] [57] A large tree fell and blocked all traffic on the Mauna Kea access road. [58] In Maui, strong winds tore the roof off a house. A mudslide also covered part of the Hana Highway near Upper Waikani Falls. [59] Power outages occurred on the islands of Maui and Oahu. [60] A boat ran aground on the western shore of Kauai amidst the storm. [59]

Hawaii County received thirty-eight damage reports, including nine major damage reports, indicating several properties were rendered uninhabitable. A total of $5 million in property damage and $10,000 in crop damage was reported. [61] Hone resulted in $3 million in damage to several roads across the Kau and Puna districts of the Big Island. [62] Downed power lines and utilities also caused several tens of thousands of dollars in damage across multiple Big Island districts and in Honolulu on Oahu. Overall, Hone resulted in $8.04 million in property damage in Hawaii and $10,000 in crop damage. [61] [62] [63] [64] [65]

See also

Notes

  1. 1 2 Hone's exact dissipation date is not entirely certain, with the JTWC determining that Hone dissipated on September 4, while the JMA continued to maintain the system as a depression until September 8.
  2. ↑ All dates and times are in Coordinated Universal Time, unless otherwise noted.
  3. ↑ The name Hone is a Hawaiian word meaning “sweet and soft”. [2]
  4. ↑ All damage totals are in 2024 United States dollars

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  34. ↑ "Tropical Storm Warning Issued For Hawaiʻi Island, Closures Announced". Big Island Video News. August 23, 2024. Retrieved August 24, 2024.
  35. ↑ Mirna Alsharif (August 25, 2024). "Hurricane Hone brings heavy rain and damaging winds to Hawaii's Big Island". NBC News. Retrieved August 25, 2024.
  36. 1 2 Steven Yablonski (August 25, 2024). "Hurricane Hone continues to strengthen as Hawaii's Big Island gets slammed with flooding rain, damaging wind". FOX Weather. Retrieved August 25, 2024.
  37. ↑ Maureen Ballard (August 30, 2024). Tropical Depression Hone Advisory Number 34 (Report). Honolulu, Hawaii, United States: Central Pacific Hurricane Center. Retrieved September 1, 2024.
  38. ↑ David Roth (2019). "Hurricane Lane - August 22-27, 2018". Weather Prediction Center. Archived from the original on October 31, 2020. Retrieved July 24, 2019.
  39. ↑ Central Pacific Hurricane Center. Tropical Cyclones During the Years 1900-1952 (Report). United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. Archived from the original on April 19, 2019. Retrieved January 26, 2007.
  40. ↑ Roth, David M.; Hydrometeorological Prediction Center. "Remains of Paul". Tropical Cyclone Point Maxima (GIF). United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. Archived from the original on April 19, 2019. Retrieved December 28, 2007.
  41. ↑ "Hurricane Hone Preliminary Wind and Rain Summary". National Weather Service Office in Honolulu, HI. Retrieved August 30, 2024.
  42. ↑ Central Pacific Hurricane Center. The 1970 Central Pacific Tropical Cyclone Season (PDF) (Report). United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. Retrieved December 28, 2007.
  43. ↑ Central Pacific Hurricane Center. The 1957 Central Pacific Tropical Cyclone Season (PDF) (Report). United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. Retrieved November 28, 2007.
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  45. ↑ "Iselle Brought Heavy Rainfall and Flooding to Hawaii". National Weather Service Office in Honolulu, Hawaii. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. August 10, 2014. Archived from the original on August 12, 2014. Retrieved August 10, 2014.
  46. ↑ Central Pacific Hurricane Center. The 1994 Central Pacific Tropical Cyclone Season (PDF) (NOAA Technical Memorandum NWSTM PR-41). United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. Retrieved November 28, 2007.
  47. ↑ Wendy Osher (August 25, 2024). "Hone Sunday Updates: Cat. 1 Hurricane strengthens with 80 mph winds; Warning remains in effect for the Big Island". MAUI NOW. Retrieved August 25, 2024.
  48. 1 2 Jorge Ortiz (August 25, 2024). "Hurricane Hone soaks Hawaii with flooding rain; another storm approaching". USA Today. Retrieved August 25, 2024.
  49. ↑ Steven Yablonski (August 25, 2024). "Hone weakens to tropical storm after dumping nearly 2 feet of rain on Hawaii's Big Island". FOX Weather. Retrieved August 26, 2024.
  50. 1 2 Alex Sosnowski (August 26, 2024). "Tropical Storm Hone brings heavy rain, flooding to Hawaii, Gilma waits in the wings". Accuweather. Retrieved August 26, 2024.
  51. 1 2 Jennifer Kelleher; Audrey McAvoy (August 25, 2024). "Hurricane Hone sweeps past Hawaii, dumping enough rain to ease wildfire fears". The Associated Press. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved August 25, 2024.
  52. ↑ Isabelle Taft; Libby Leonard (August 25, 2024). "On Hawaii's Big Island, Hurricane Hone Brings Heavy Rain but No Major Damage". The New York Times. Retrieved August 25, 2024.
  53. ↑ Event:High Surf in Big Island East, Hawaii (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. August 24, 2024. Retrieved November 22, 2024.
  54. ↑ "LIVE BLOG: Flooding closes Wood Valley Road on Big Island". Island News. August 24, 2024. Retrieved August 25, 2024.
  55. ↑ Cann, Christopher; Wong, Kathleen; Ortiz, Jorge. "Aloha Hone, now Gilma: Hurricanes keep Hawaii residents on alert". www.msn.com. Retrieved 2024-09-01.
  56. ↑ "Hone's outer bands lash Hawaii's Big Island as cyclone strengthens into hurricane". Head Topics. August 25, 2024. Retrieved August 25, 2024.
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  58. ↑ Event:Tropical Storm in Big Island Interior, Hawaii (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. August 24, 2024. Retrieved November 22, 2024.
  59. 1 2 Eddie Dowd (August 26, 2024). "Hone leaves behind muddy mess after lashing Hawaii Island as a Cat 1 hurricane". Hawaii News Now. Retrieved August 26, 2024.
  60. ↑ "Hone downgraded to tropical storm after pounding Hawaii's Big Island with flooding rains". Fox Weather. New York Post. August 26, 2024. Retrieved August 26, 2024.
  61. 1 2 Event:Flood in Hawaii County, Hawaii (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. August 25, 2024. Retrieved November 22, 2024.
  62. 1 2 Event:Flash Flood in Hawaii County, Hawaii (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. August 25, 2024. Retrieved November 22, 2024.
  63. ↑ Event:High Wind in Windward Haleakala, Hawaii (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. August 25, 2024. Retrieved November 22, 2024.
  64. ↑ Event:High Wind in Honolulu, Hawaii (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. August 25, 2024. Retrieved November 22, 2024.
  65. ↑ Event:Tropical Storm in Kona, Hawaii (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. August 25, 2024. Retrieved November 22, 2024.
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