Tropical Storm Prapiroon (2024)

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Map key
Saffir–Simpson scale
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
Disc Plain black.svg Tropical cyclone
Solid black.svg Subtropical cyclone
ArrowUp.svg Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

The origins of Severe Tropical Storm Prapiroon can be traced back to July 15, when the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) reported an area of convection roughly 623 km (385 mi) southeast of Manila, Philippines. At that time, the disturbance was in a favorable environment for development, with warm 29–30 °C (84–86 °F), sea surface temperatures, low wind shear and good equatorial outflow. [1] At 06:00  UTC the same day, the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) designated the system as a low-pressure area. [2] Several days later, the low crossed into the South China Sea. [3] On July 19, the JTWC gave a tropical cyclone formation alert to the disturbance, citing a high chance of development. [4] Shortly after, the JMA designated it as a tropical depression. [5] The Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) declared the system a tropical depression a few hours later. Since the storm formed within the Philippine Area of Responsibility, the agency named it Butchoy. [6]

At 21:00 UTC that day, the JTWC began issuing advisories on the system, classifying it as Tropical Depression 04W after convective bands had wrapped around a partially exposed low-level circulation center. [7] As the storm progressed northwestward along the southern edge of a mid-level subtropical ridge, it intensified into a tropical storm and was named Prapiroon by the JMA around 06:00 UTC on July 21; [8] however, a few hours later, wind shear and dry air entrainment began to affect the storm, yet deep convection continued to build around the center over the next six hours, resulting in a compact system as it approached Hainan. [9] [10] A nascent eye feature became visible on microwave satellite imagery, while the associated central dense overcast grew more intense and displayed convective banding features. [11] Around 16:00 UTC, the center of Prapiroon made landfall near Wanning, Hainan, with winds of 95 km/h (60 mph). [11] After making landfall, the storm maintained its well-defined eye while moving across central Hainan, [12] leading the JMA to upgrade it to a severe tropical storm at 00:00 UTC on July 22. [13] Around 12:00 UTC, the JMA estimated peak 10-minute sustained winds of 110 km/h (70 mph) and a minimum barometric pressure of 980 hPa (28.94 inHg). [14] Despite having persistent deep convection over its center earlier, Prapiroon soon encountered high wind shear and a dry environment, [15] and by 6:30 a.m. local time that same day, it made its second landfall in Quảng Ninh, Vietnam, [16] becoming the first tropical cyclone to strike Vietnam in 640 days. [17] During the 2023 season, no tropical cyclone had made landfall in mainland Vietnam, making it the third instance since the country's independence, following the 1976 and 2002 seasons. [18] [19] After the system moved inland, both the JMA and the JTWC ceased monitoring it as a tropical depression at 18:00 UTC on July 24. [20] [21]

Preparations and impact

Philippines

Along with Typhoon Gaemi, Prapiroon and its precursor influenced the southwest monsoon over the Philippines, producing heavy rainfall over parts of the archipelago from July 12 through July 20, when Prapiroon began to move away from the Philippines. [22] [23] A total of 866,483 people were affected by the storm across the Mimaropa, Caraga, and Bangsamoro. About 33,645 people were evacuated to emergency shelters. There were 94 damaged residences in Mimaropa, of which, 10 were completely destroyed. A total of 73 sections of road were damaged and five bridges were damaged, while seven roads and a bridge were inaccessible. In Mindanao, a total of 179,744 households were impacted by heavy rainfall. Seven fatalities were reported: four in Zamboanga, and one each in Bangsamoro, Davao, and Northern Mindanao. Across these regions, 236 homes were damaged, with losses totaling ₱2.57 million (US$43,948). Infrastructural damage totaled ₱8.75 million (US$149,500). Significant damage to agriculture also occurred, with 396.4 metric tons (437 US tons) of damage incurred to crops and other agricultural products by a total of 748 farmers and fishermen. [24] Total losses across the Philippines reached ₱20.33 million ( US$ 412,729.47) and eight fatalities were reported. [23] Following the storm, about ₱29 million (US$496,173) worth of aid was distributed to 23,157 affected households. [24] A state of calamity was declared in the municipalities of Cotabato and Kabacan. [25]

China and Hong Kong

Prior to its landfall, The China Meteorological Administration, issued typhoon and rain warnings along Hainan and Guangdong. [26] A Level 3 out of 4 emergency response alert was issued in Guangxi, as well as a yellow typhoon alert. [27] About 26,000 visitors on Weizhou Island were evacuated prior to the storm through the use of ferries. High-speed rail and ferry services on the island of Hainan were cancelled. [28] All vessels in Hainan were ordered to return to port and offshore workers were allowed to seek shelter on the island. A flood control team was sent to Hainan in preparation for flooding. [29] A No. 1 Typhoon warning signal was issued by the Hong Kong Observatory for Hong Kong, from the afternoon of July 20 to noon on July 22. [30]

As Prapiroon made landfall in Hainan, twelve counties and cities on the island received rainfall in excess of 100 mm (4 in). The highest sustained wind measured on Hainan was 137 km/h (85 mph) in Wanning, where the storm made landfall. [31] High winds were reported in Guangxi, reaching a peak of 89 km/h (55 mph) in Beihai. Torrential rainfall also impacted the province with a maximum accumulation of 38.3 mm (1.5 in) in Donglan County. [27] Rain squalls impacted the Pearl River Delta, where occasional high wind gusts were reported in elevated parts of Hong Kong. [32]

Vietnam

Infrared satellite loop of Prapiroon making landfall in Vietnam. 2024 CIMSS 04W Prapiroon visible infrared satellite loop.gif
Infrared satellite loop of Prapiroon making landfall in Vietnam.

Before Prapiroon approached Vietnam, Prime Minister of Vietnam Phạm Minh Chính ordered emergency measures to take place in coastal provinces. Vessels were ordered to return to port or move away from areas within the storm's projected track. Emergency response teams were deployed to protect traffic moving through flood and landslide-prone areas and assist in evacuation and recovery efforts. Measures were also taken to prevent dams and reservoirs from overflowing. [33] Heavy rainfall was expected in Northern Vietnam, reaching as high as 300 mm (12 in) in parts of Thanh Hóa province. [34] [35]

As the storm landed in Quảng Ninh, Prapiroon became the first tropical cyclone to strike Vietnam in 640 days, ending a record drought of landfalls. [16] The storm downed trees and damaged billboards and fences in the province of Quảng Ninh. [36] Heavy rain and flooding in Sơn La Province killed seven people and two in Dien Bien Province, with nine others missing. [37] Prapiroon brought significant agricultural impact to Vietnam. In the Cà Mau province and the Hậu Giang province, over 1,000 hectares of rice were damaged due to the heavy rains caused by Prapiroon. In the Trần Văn Thời district, 570 hectares of rice were damaged. [38] As of July 29, damage by the storm and flooding in Son La Province reached 315 billion dong (US$13.36 million); [39] and in Chuong My District in Hanoi reached 92 billion dong (US$3.9 million). [40] In Dien Bien province, damage by the flooding, as of July 30, reached 30 billion dong (US$1.27 million). [41]

Elsewhere

In Thailand, the remnants of Prapiroon caused heavy monsoonal rains in some parts of the country. People were advised to be alert for dangers such as flash flooding and landslides. [42] The combination of moisture from Prapiroon and Typhoon Gaemi produced severe thunderstorms across Cambodia, which resulted in strong winds, heavy rainfall, and lightning. A large tree fell onto a tuk-tuk in Siem Reap, killing five people and injuring four others. Local authorities cleared the scene of debris and were ordered to control traffic in an effort to prevent further vehicular incidents. [43]

See also

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References

  1. ↑ Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Western and South Pacific Oceans, 09Z 15 July 2024 Reissued (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. July 15, 2024. Archived from the original on July 15, 2024. Retrieved July 15, 2024.
  2. ↑ Warning and Summary 150600 (Report). Tokyo, Japan: Japan Meteorological Agency. July 15, 2024. Archived from the original on July 15, 2024. Retrieved July 15, 2024.
  3. ↑ Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Western and South Pacific Oceans, 01Z 19 July 2024 Reissued (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. July 19, 2024. Archived from the original on July 19, 2024. Retrieved July 19, 2024.
  4. ↑ Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert (Invest 91W) (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. July 19, 2024. Archived from the original on July 19, 2024. Retrieved July 19, 2024.
  5. ↑ Warning and Summary 190600 (Report). Tokyo, Japan: Japan Meteorological Agency. July 19, 2024. Archived from the original on July 19, 2024. Retrieved July 19, 2024.
  6. ↑ "Tropical Cyclone Bulletin #1 for Tropical Depression 'Butchoy' (Butchoy)". PAGASA . July 19, 2024. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 19, 2024. Retrieved July 19, 2024.
  7. ↑ Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Depression 04W (Four) Warning No. 1 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. July 19, 2024. Archived from the original on July 20, 2024. Retrieved July 19, 2024.
  8. ↑ Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Storm 04W (Prapiroon) Warning No. 5 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. July 20, 2024. Archived from the original on July 21, 2024. Retrieved July 20, 2024.
  9. ↑ Prognostic Reasoning No. 9 for TS Prapiroon (2404) (Report). Tokyo, Japan: Japan Meteorological Agency. July 21, 2024. Archived from the original on July 21, 2024. Retrieved July 21, 2024.
  10. ↑ Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Storm 04W (Prapiroon) Warning No. 8 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. July 20, 2024. Archived from the original on July 21, 2024. Retrieved July 20, 2024.
  11. 1 2 Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Storm 04W (Prapiroon) Warning No. 9 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. July 21, 2024. Archived from the original on July 22, 2024. Retrieved July 22, 2024.
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  41. ↑ https://thanhtravietnam.vn/xa-hoi/dien-bien-thiet-hai-khoang-30-ty-dong-do-thien-tai-209446.html
  42. ↑ "Tropical Storm 'Prapiroon' causing heavy rainfall in some parts of Thailand". Pattaya Mail. July 24, 2024. Archived from the original on July 26, 2024. Retrieved July 26, 2024.
  43. ↑ "Severe weather causes fatal Tuk-Tuk accident in Siem Reap (VIDEO)". Khmer Times. July 24, 2024. Archived from the original on July 27, 2024. Retrieved July 26, 2024.
Severe Tropical Storm Prapiroon (Butchoy)
Prapiroon 2024-07-22 0400Z.jpg
Prapiroon at peak intensity, approaching Vietnam on July 22
Tropical cyclones of the 2024 Pacific typhoon season
2024 Pacific typhoon season summary.png
TY
Ewiniar
TS
Maliksi
TD
03W
STS
Prapiroon
VSTY
Gaemi
VSTY
Ampil
STS
Maria
TS
Son-Tinh
TS
Wukong
TS
Jongdari
TD
TD
TD
TD
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