International Cricket Council |
---|
ICC Events |
ICC Rankings |
ICC Awards |
International cricket matches are played between the teams representing their nations, administrated by the International Cricket Council (ICC). The main forms are Test matches, One Day (ODI) matches and Twenty20 (T20I) matches.
Most games are played as part of "tours" when one nation travels to another for a number of weeks or months and plays a number of matches of various sorts against the host nation. World Cups featuring several countries at once, are organized by the ICC. The ICC is also responsible for cricket games played at multi-sport events such as Olympic Games, Commonwealth Games, African Games, Asian Games, South Asian Games and Pacific Games.
In addition to ICC's administration, there are also five regional bodies, Asian Cricket Council (ACC), Africa Cricket Association (ACA), ICC Europe, ICC Americas and ICC East Asia-Pacific which aim to promote the sport of cricket in their respective regions.
There was no formal structure for international cricket until the early 20th century. [1] In 1744, the Laws of Cricket were codified for the first time and then amended with new additions such as lbw and middle stump. The Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC), founded in 1787; immediately became the custodian of the Laws and has made periodic revisions and recodifications subsequently. [2] The first international match was contested in 1844 between teams representing the United States and Canada, at St George's Cricket Club in New York. [3] The ICC founded in 1909 as the Imperial Cricket Conference, [4] overtook the governance of international cricket since, although the Laws of Cricket have remained under the governance of the MCC. [5]
Most Test, ODI and T20I matches take place in the form of "tours". [6] Test series can last from two to six matches, but some tours consist of only a single Test. [7] Six-match series were common in the 1970s and early 1980s, with the last six-match series to date taking place in 1997–98 season between the West Indies and England. [8] The Ashes in England were six-match Test series between 1981 and 1997, but Australia reverted to five matches in its home series from 1982 to 1983. [9] ODI series generally last from three to seven matches. [10] T20I series last from one to five matches. [11] Tours may include a multi-team one-day tournament, often referred to as a "triangular" or "quadrangular" tournament. [12]
Sometimes, a perpetual trophy is awarded to the winning team. Some notable perpetual trophies include:
The "ICC Future Tours Programme" (FTP) is a schedule of international cricket tours and tournaments which structure the programme of cricket events for ICC full members, with an objective of each team playing each other at least once at home and once away over a period of 10 years known as the "Ten Year Plan". If the cricket boards of two individual countries reach an agreement, they can play more than two series. If a team does not want to travel to a particular country for a bilateral series due to security reasons, then, by the mutual agreement of the respective boards, that series can be shifted to a neutral venue such as United Arab Emirates or any other country where the facilities are deemed adequate. [31] [32] [33] [34]
The main international competitions organized by ICC are ICC World Test Championship, Cricket World Cup, ICC Champions Trophy and Men's T20 World Cup for men's, Women's Cricket World Cup, Women's T20 World Cup and ICC Women's Champions Trophy for women's, and Under-19 Men's Cricket World Cup and Under-19 Women's T20 World Cup for Under-19 teams.
Format | Competition | Latest edition | Current champions | Next edition | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Men's competitions | |||||
Test | ICC World Test Championship | 2021–2023: | Australia | 2023–2025: | [35] |
ODI | Cricket World Cup | 2023: | Australia | 2027: | [36] |
ICC Champions Trophy | 2017: | Pakistan | 2025: | [37] | |
T20I | Men's T20 World Cup | 2024: | India | 2026: | [38] |
FC | ICC Intercontinental Cup | 2015–2017 | Defunct | [39] | |
Women's competitions | |||||
WODI | Women's Cricket World Cup | 2022: | Australia | 2025: [a] | [40] |
WT20I | Women's T20 World Cup | 2024: | New Zealand | 2026: | [41] |
ICC Women's Champions Trophy | — | — | 2027: | [42] | |
Under-19 competitions | |||||
LO (50 Ov.) | Under-19 Men's Cricket World Cup | 2024: | Australia | 2026: | [43] |
LO (20 Ov.) | Under-19 Women's T20 World Cup | 2023: | India | 2025: | [44] |
The Asia Cup and the Women's Asia Cup are the only two non-ICC competitions to be featured in the ICC Future Tours Programme. [67] [68]
Format | Competition | Latest edition | Current champions | Next edition | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ODI | Asia Cup | 2023: | India | 2027: | [69] |
T20I | Men's T20 Asia Cup | 2022: | Sri Lanka | 2025: | [70] |
WODI | Women's Asia Cup | 2008: | Defunct | [71] | |
WT20I | Women's Twenty20 Asia Cup | 2024: | Sri Lanka | 2026 | [72] |
Cricket was originally scheduled to be included in the inaugural Olympics in Athens but was cancelled due to insufficient entries. A men's cricket tournament was introduced as medal sport in the in the second Olympics but was cancelled in the following Olympics due to lack of entries. [73] Both men's and women's cricket are to be reintroduced in the 2028 Olympics in Los Angeles. [74] A men's cricket tournament was played at the 1998 Commonwealth Games, [75] a women's cricket tournament was played at the 2022 Commonwealth Games, and both tournaments were to be included in the 2026 Commonwealth Games but was cancelled following the announcement of a streamlined event. [76]
Both men's and women's cricket were introduced in the 2010 Asian Games, [77] were removed in the 2018 Asian Games, [78] and were reintroduced in the 2022 Asian Games. [79] Men's cricket was played in the Pacific Games (South Pacific Games until 2007) since 1979, and women's cricket was played since 2015, until 2019 and both tournaments were removed in 2023 as a result of the Pacific Games charter amendment in 2019. [80] [81] A men's cricket tournament was played at the 2010 South Asian Games, [82] and both men's cricket and women's cricket were introduced in the 2019 South Asian Games. [83] Both men's cricket and women's cricket have been played in the SEA Games since 2017. [84] Both men's cricket and women's cricket have been played in the African Games since 2023. [85]
Format | Competition | Latest edition | Current champions | Next edition | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Summer Olympic Games | |||||
T20I | Men's | 1900: | Great Britain | 2028: | |
WT20I | Women's | — | — | 2028: | |
Commonwealth Games | |||||
List A | Men's | 1998: | Defunct | ||
WT20I | Women's | 2022: | Defunct | [86] | |
Asian Games | |||||
T20I | Men's | 2022: | India | TBA | [87] |
WT20I | Women's | 2022: | India | TBA | [88] |
Pacific Games | |||||
T20I | Men's | 2019: | Defunct | [89] | |
WT20I | Women's | 2019: | Defunct | [90] | |
South Asian Games | |||||
T20I | Men's | 2019: | Bangladesh | 2025: | |
WT20I | Women's | 2019: | Bangladesh | 2025: | |
SEA Games | |||||
6s | Men's | 2023: | Singapore | 2025: | |
T10 | Cambodia | ||||
T20I | Cambodia | ||||
LO (50 Ov.) | Cambodia | ||||
6s | Women's | 2023: | Indonesia | 2025: | |
WT10 | Thailand | ||||
WT20I | Thailand | ||||
LO (50 Ov.) | Thailand | ||||
African Games | |||||
T20I | Men's | 2023: | Zimbabwe | TBA | [91] |
WT20I | Women's | 2023: | Zimbabwe | TBA | [92] |
In essence, after every Test series, the two teams involved receive points based on a mathematical formula. The total of each team's points total is divided by the total number of matches to give a 'rating', and the Test-playing teams are by order of rating (this can be shown in a table). [93]
From 2002 to 2019, the top-ranked Test team was awarded with the ICC Test Championship mace and the top team at each 1 April cut-off (until 2019) was also awarded a cash prize, the winners of which are listed below. The mace is now awarded to the winners of the ICC World Test Championship.
The following table shows the test mace won by each team:
Team | Test Mace Awarded |
---|---|
Australia | 9 (2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2016) |
India | 5 (2010, 2011, 2017, 2018, 2019) |
South Africa | 3 (2013, 2014, 2015) |
England | 1 (2012) |
Reference: ICC [94] |
The ICC Men's ODI Team Rankings were created, and are run, by the ICC for reasons similar to the Test Rankings. The rankings are simply an international ranking scheme overlaid on the regular ODI (One Day International) match schedule. After every ODI match, the two teams involved receive points based on a mathematical formula. The total of each team's points total is divided by the total number of matches to give a rating, and all teams are ranked on a table in order of rating. [95] The ranking does not replace the World Cup; the latter still carries much more significance to most cricket fans.
The ranking consisted two separate tables until merged into a single table in 2018. The ten ICC Full Members that play Test cricket were automatically listed on the main table while the six Associate Members with One Day International status were listed on a secondary table, but are eligible for promotion to the main table by meeting certain criteria. [96]
As with the Test and ODI Rankings, the ICC Men's T20I Team Rankings are an international Twenty20 ranking system run by the ICC. It is simply a ranking scheme overlaid on the regular T20I match schedule. [97] After every T20I match, the two teams involved receive points based on a mathematical formula. The total of each team's points total is divided by the total number of matches to give a rating, and all teams are ranked on a table in order of rating. [98] [99] This ranking does not replace the ICC World Twenty20 competition.
The Pakistan national cricket team has represented Pakistan in international cricket since 1952. It is controlled by the Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB), the governing body for cricket in Pakistan, which is a Full Member of the International Cricket Council (ICC). Pakistan compete in cricket tours and tournaments sanctioned by the PCB and other regional or international cricket bodies in Test, One Day International (ODI), and Twenty20 International (T20) formats. Pakistan are current ICC Champions Trophy holders.
The Hong Kong men's national cricket team is the team that represents Hong Kong in international competitions. It played its first match in 1866 and has been an associate member of the International Cricket Council (ICC) since 1969.
The United Arab Emirates men's national cricket team is the team that represents the United Arab Emirates in international cricket. They are governed by the Emirates Cricket Board (ECB) which became an Affiliate Member of the International Cricket Council (ICC) in 1989 and an Associate Member the following year. Since 2005, the ICC's headquarters have been located in Dubai.
The Afghanistan men's national cricket team represents Afghanistan in men's international cricket. It is a full Member of the International Cricket Council (ICC) with Test, One-Day International (ODI) and T20 International (T20I) status.
The Oman men's national cricket team is the team that represents the country of Oman in international matches and is governed by Oman Cricket, which became an affiliate member of the International Cricket Council (ICC) in 2000, and gained associate status in 2014. The national side has played matches at the Twenty20 International level. On 24 April 2019, Oman achieved One-Day International status for the first time until 2023, after they beat tournament hosts Namibia by four wickets in 2019 ICC World Cricket League Division Two.
Women's cricket is the team sport of cricket when played by women. Its rules are almost identical to those in the game played by men, the main change being the use of a smaller ball. Women's cricket is beginning to be played at professional level in 11 of the 12 full members of the International Cricket Council (ICC), and is played worldwide, especially in Commonwealth nations.
The Japan national cricket team is the men's team that represents the country of Japan in international cricket. The team is organised by the Japan Cricket Association (JCA), which has been a member of the International Cricket Council (ICC) since 1989. Japan made its international cricketing debut at the 1996 ACC Trophy in Malaysia. Most of the team's matches are played in regional competitions, generally against other teams in the ICC East Asia-Pacific development region. Between 2008 and 2012, Japan participated in the World Cricket League (WCL), reaching WCL Division Five at one point.
The Netherlands women's national cricket team, nicknamed the Lionesses, represents the Netherlands in international women's cricket. The team is organised by the Royal Dutch Cricket Association, which has been an associate member of the International Cricket Council (ICC) since 1966.
The Japan women's national cricket team is the team that represents the country of Japan in international women's cricket matches.
The Papua New Guinea women's national cricket team, nicknamed the Lewas, represents the country of Papua New Guinea in international women's cricket. The team is organised by Cricket PNG, an associate member of the International Cricket Council (ICC).
The Thailand women's national cricket team is the team that represents the country of Thailand in international women's cricket matches. Thailand is one of the strongest associate teams in women's international cricket and has been ranked as high as tenth in the ICC Women's T20I rankings.
The ICC Future Tours Programme (FTP) is a schedule of international cricket tours and tournaments which structure the programme of cricket events for ICC full members, with an objective of each team playing each other at least once at home and once away over a period of 10 years known as the "Ten Year Plan". If the cricket boards of two individual countries reach an agreement, they can play more than two series. If a team does not want to travel to a particular country for a bilateral series due to security reasons, then, by the mutual agreement of the respective boards, that series can be shifted to a neutral venue such as United Arab Emirates or any other country where the facilities are deemed adequate.
Suryakumar Ashok Yadav is an Indian cricketer. He is a right-handed middle-order batter. He represents the India national cricket team and captains the Twenty20 International side. He was part of the national team that won the 2023 Asia Cup and the 2024 T20 World Cup.
The 2017–18 international cricket season was from September 2017 to April 2018. 28 Test matches, 93 One Day Internationals (ODIs), and 44 Twenty20 Internationals (T20Is) were played during this period. Out of the 30 Test matches that were played four were day/night matches. The day/night Test match between South Africa and Zimbabwe was scheduled to last for only four days in duration, with the last such four-day Test match being played in 1973. The season started with India leading the Test cricket rankings, South Africa leading the ODI rankings, New Zealand leading the Twenty20 rankings, and England women leading the women's rankings. Additionally, the Laws of Cricket 2017 Code came into effect on 1 October 2017, superseding the 6th Edition of the 2000 Code of Laws, with many of the changes in the laws being incorporated into the ICC Standard Playing Conditions.
The 2018 international cricket season was from May 2018 to September 2018. 16 Test matches, 27 One-day Internationals (ODIs) and 33 Twenty20 International (T20Is), as well as 14 Women's One Day Internationals (WODIs) and 81 Women's Twenty20 Internationals (WT20Is), were played during this period.
The 2018–19 international cricket season was from September 2018 to April 2019. 34 Test matches, 92 One Day Internationals (ODIs) and 74 Twenty20 International (T20Is), as well as 28 Women's One Day Internationals (WODIs) and 130 Women's Twenty20 Internationals (WT20Is), were played during this period. The season started with India leading the Test cricket rankings, England leading the ODI rankings and Pakistan leading the Twenty20 rankings. In October 2018, the International Cricket Council (ICC) introduced separate rankings for women's ODIs and T20Is for the first time, with Australia women leading both tables.
The 2019 international cricket season was from May 2019 to September 2019. The 2019 Cricket World Cup in England and Wales took place during this time, starting on 30 May 2019. 10 Test matches, 78 One Day Internationals (ODIs) and 109 Twenty20 Internationals (T20Is), as well as 1 Women's Test, 9 Women's One Day Internationals (WODIs) and 130 Women's Twenty20 Internationals (WT20Is), were played during this period. Additionally, a number of other T20I/WT20I matches were also scheduled to be played in minor series involving associate nations. The season started with India leading the Test cricket rankings, England leading the ODI rankings and Pakistan leading the Twenty20 rankings. On 3 May, the International Cricket Council (ICC) expanded the men's T20I rankings to include all current Full Member and Associate members of the ICC, featuring 80 teams. In the women's rankings, Australia women lead both the WODI and WT20I tables.
The 2019–20 international cricket season was from September 2019 to April 2020. 29 Test matches, 78 One Day Internationals (ODIs) and 145 Twenty20 Internationals (T20Is), as well as 23 Women's One Day Internationals (WODIs) and 61 Women's Twenty20 Internationals (WT20Is), were scheduled to be played during this period. Additionally, a number of other T20I/WT20I matches were also scheduled to be played in minor series involving associate nations. The season started with India leading the Test cricket rankings, England leading the ODI rankings and Pakistan leading the Twenty20 rankings. In the women's rankings, Australia women lead both the WODI and WT20I tables. The 2020 ICC Women's T20 World Cup in Australia took place during this time, starting on 21 February 2020, with hosts Australia winning the tournament for the fifth time.
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused disruption to cricket around the world, mirroring its impact across all sports. Around the world and to varying degrees, leagues and competitions have been cancelled or postponed.
The 2022–23 international cricket season was from September 2022 to April 2023. This calendar included men's Test, One Day International (ODI) and Twenty20 International (T20I) matches, women's Test, women's One Day Internationals (WODIs) and women's Twenty20 Internationals (WT20Is) matches, as well as some other significant series. In addition to the matches shown here, a number of other T20I/WT20I series involving associate nations were also played during this period.