| Kana Extended-A | |
|---|---|
| Range | U+1B100..U+1B12F (48 code points) |
| Plane | SMP |
| Scripts | Hiragana (32 char.) Katakana (3 char.) |
| Assigned | 35 code points |
| Unused | 13 reserved code points |
| Unicode version history | |
| 10.0 (2017) | 31 (+31) |
| 14.0 (2021) | 35 (+4) |
| Unicode documentation | |
| Code chart ∣ Web page | |
| Note: [1] [2] | |
Kana Extended-A is a Unicode block containing hentaigana (non-standard hiragana) and historic kana characters. Additional hentaigana characters are encoded in the Kana Supplement block.
| Kana Extended-A [1] [2] Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF) | ||||||||||||||||
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A | B | C | D | E | F | |
| U+1B10x | 𛄀 | 𛄁 | 𛄂 | 𛄃 | 𛄄 | 𛄅 | 𛄆 | 𛄇 | 𛄈 | 𛄉 | 𛄊 | 𛄋 | 𛄌 | 𛄍 | 𛄎 | 𛄏 |
| U+1B11x | 𛄐 | 𛄑 | 𛄒 | 𛄓 | 𛄔 | 𛄕 | 𛄖 | 𛄗 | 𛄘 | 𛄙 | 𛄚 | 𛄛 | 𛄜 | 𛄝 | 𛄞 | 𛄟 |
| U+1B12x | 𛄠 | 𛄡 | 𛄢 | |||||||||||||
| Notes | ||||||||||||||||
The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the Kana Extended-A block:
| Version | Final code points [lower-alpha 1] | Count | L2 ID | WG2 ID | Document |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10.0 | U+1B100..1B11E | 31 | L2/09-099 | N3698 | van der Werven, Jeroen Ruigrok (2009-02-15), A proposal for encoding the hentaigana characters |
| L2/09-200 | McGowan, Rick (2009-05-07), Page images from Yomikata Nyuumon, 1884 | ||||
| L2/09-201 | McGowan, Rick (2009-05-07), Type sample page image, hentaigana, 1903 | ||||
| L2/11-229 | N4091 (pdf, doc) | Notes on hentaigana, 2011-06-01 | |||
| N4103 | "11.1.2 Hentaigana characters", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 58, 2012-01-03 | ||||
| N4553 (pdf, doc) | Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2014-09-16), "M62.04b, M62.05b", Minutes of WG 2 meeting 62 Adobe, San Jose, CA, USA | ||||
| L2/15-193 | N4670 | Orita, Tetsuji (2015-07-23), Request for Comments on HENTAIGANA proposal | |||
| L2/15-239 | N4674 | Proposal of Japanese HENTAIGANA, 2015-09-18 | |||
| L2/15-300 | Tashiro, Shuichi (2015-10-31), Hentaigana List after Matsue discussion | ||||
| L2/15-312 | Anderson, Deborah; Whistler, Ken; McGowan, Rick; Pournader, Roozbeh; Glass, Andrew; Iancu, Laurențiu (2015-11-01), "8. Hentaigana", Recommendations to UTC #145 November 2015 on Script Proposals | ||||
| L2/15-316 | Takada, Tomokazu; Yada, Tsutomu; Saito, Tatsuya (2015-11-03), The past, present, and future of hentaigana [in Japanese] | ||||
| L2/15-318 (pdf, xlsx) | Yada, Tsutomu (2015-11-04), About the inclusion of standardized codepoints for Hentaigana | ||||
| L2/15-334 | Tranter, Nicolas (2015-12-09), Hentaigana proposal | ||||
| L2/15-343 (pdf, xlsx) | N4708 | Orita, Tetsuji (2015-12-09), Revised Proposal of HENTAIGANA | |||
| L2/16-053 | Lunde, Ken (2015-12-16), Hentaigana Comment Document | ||||
| L2/16-037 | Anderson, Deborah; Whistler, Ken; McGowan, Rick; Pournader, Roozbeh; Glass, Andrew; Iancu, Laurențiu (2016-01-22), "16", Recommendations to UTC #146 January 2016 on Script Proposals | ||||
| L2/16-040 | Lunde, Ken (2016-01-26), Hentaigana Unification Candidates | ||||
| L2/16-085 | Lunde, Ken (2016-04-28), Status of hentaigana proposal | ||||
| L2/16-123 | "Two comments on hentaigana proposal", Comments on Public Review Issues (Jan 22, 2016 - May 03, 2016), 2016-05-05 | ||||
| L2/16-121 | Moore, Lisa (2016-05-20), "C.3", UTC #147 Minutes | ||||
| L2/16-188 (pdf, xlsx) | N4732 | Revised Proposal of Hentaigana, 2016-06-20 | |||
| L2/16-216 | Anderson, Deborah; Whistler, Ken; McGowan, Rick; Pournader, Roozbeh; Glass, Andrew; Iancu, Laurențiu; Moore, Lisa (2016-07-30), "6.a", Recommendations to UTC #148 August 2016 on Script Proposals | ||||
| L2/16-203 | Moore, Lisa (2016-08-18), "C.3.1", UTC #148 Minutes | ||||
| N4873R (pdf, doc) | "10.3.2", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 65, 2018-03-16 | ||||
| L2/16-325 | Moore, Lisa (2016-11-18), "B.1.1.4, B.13.3.1", UTC #149 Minutes | ||||
| 14.0 | U+1B11F..1B122 | 4 | L2/19-381 | Gross, Abraham (2020-01-05), Proposal to Encode Missing Japanese Kana | |
| L2/20-046 | Anderson, Deborah; Whistler, Ken; Pournader, Roozbeh; Moore, Lisa; Liang, Hai (2020-01-10), "11a.", Recommendations to UTC #162 January 2020 on Script Proposals | ||||
| L2/20-015R | Moore, Lisa (2020-05-14), "C.6.1 Proposal to encode missing Japanese kana", Draft Minutes of UTC Meeting 162 | ||||
| L2/20-152 | Gross, Abraham (2020-06-24), Base Character of HIRAGANA LETTER ARCHAIC WU | ||||
| L2/20-169 | Anderson, Deborah; Whistler, Ken; Pournader, Roozbeh; Moore, Lisa; Constable, Peter; Liang, Hai (2020-07-21), "22. Kana", Recommendations to UTC #164 July 2020 on Script Proposals | ||||
| L2/20-172 | Moore, Lisa (2020-08-03), "Action Item 164-A41", UTC #164 Minutes | ||||
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Hiragana is a Japanese syllabary, part of the Japanese writing system, along with katakana as well as kanji.
Katakana is a Japanese syllabary, one component of the Japanese writing system along with hiragana, kanji and in some cases the Latin script.
Kana are syllabaries used to write Japanese phonological units, morae. Such syllabaries include (1) the original kana, or magana, which were Chinese characters (kanji) used phonetically to transcribe Japanese, the most prominent magana system being man'yōgana (万葉仮名); the two descendants of man'yōgana, (2) hiragana, and (3) katakana. There are also hentaigana, which are historical variants of the now-standard hiragana. In current usage, 'kana' can simply mean hiragana and katakana.
In the Japanese writing system, hentaigana are variant forms of hiragana.
の, in hiragana, and ノ, in katakana, are Japanese kana, both representing one mora. In the gojūon system of ordering of Japanese syllables, it occupies the 25th position, between ね (ne) and は (ha). It occupies the 26th position in the iroha ordering. Both represent the sound. The katakana form is written similar to the Kangxi radical 丿, radical 4.
A is a Japanese kana that represents the mora consisting of single vowel. The hiragana character あ is based on the sōsho style of kanji 安, while the katakana ア is from the radical of kanji 阿. In the modern Japanese system of alphabetical order, it occupies the first position of the alphabet, before い. Additionally, it is the 36th letter in Iroha, after て, before さ. The Unicode for あ is U+3042, and the Unicode for ア is U+30A2.
I is one of the Japanese kana each of which represents one mora. い is based on the sōsho style of the kanji character 以, and イ is from the radical of the kanji character 伊. In the modern Japanese system of sound order, it occupies the second position of the syllable chart, between あ and う. Additionally, it is the first letter in Iroha, before ろ. Both represent the sound. In the Ainu language, katakana イ is written as y in their Latin-based syllable chart, and a small ィ after another katakana represents a diphthong.
U is one of the Japanese kana, each of which represents one mora. In the modern Japanese system of alphabetical order, they occupy the third place in the modern Gojūon (五十音) system of collating kana. In the Iroha, they occupied the 24th position, between む and ゐ. In the Gojūon chart, う lies in the first column and the third row. Both represent the sound. In the Ainu language, the small katakana ゥ represents a diphthong, and is written as w in the Latin alphabet.
In Japanese writing, the kana え (hiragana) and エ (katakana) occupy the fourth place, between う and お, in the modern Gojūon (五十音) system of collating kana. In the Iroha, they occupy the 34th, between こ and て. In the table at right, え lies in the first column and the fourth row. Both represent.
こ, in hiragana or コ in katakana, is one of the Japanese kana, each of which represents one mora. Both represent IPA: [ko]. The shape of these kana comes from the kanji 己.
ん, in hiragana or ン in katakana, is one of the Japanese kana, which each represent one mora. ん is the only kana that does not end in a vowel sound. The kana for mu, む/ム, was originally used for the n sound as well, while ん was originally a hentaigana used for both n and mu. In the 1900 Japanese script reforms, hentaigana were officially declared obsolete and ん was officially declared a kana to represent the n sound.
Hiragana is a Unicode block containing hiragana characters for the Japanese language.
Katakana is a Unicode block containing katakana characters for the Japanese and Ainu languages.
Kana Supplement is a Unicode block containing one archaic katakana character and 255 hentaigana characters. Additional hentaigana characters are encoded in the Kana Extended-A block.
Enclosed Ideographic Supplement is a Unicode block containing forms of characters and words from Chinese, Japanese and Korean enclosed within or stylised as squares, brackets, or circles. It contains three such characters containing one or more kana, and many containing CJK ideographs. Many of its characters were added for compatibility with the Japanese ARIB STD-B24 standard. Six symbols from Chinese folk religion were added in Unicode version 10.
Small Kana Extension is a Unicode block containing additional small variants for the Hiragana and Katakana syllabaries, in addition to those in the Hiragana, Katakana and Katakana Phonetic Extensions blocks.
Wu is a hentaigana, a variant kana or Japanese syllable.
Yi is a hentaigana, a variant kana or Japanese syllable.
Ye is a hentaigana, a variant kana or Japanese syllable, no longer in standard use.
Kana Extended-B is a Unicode block containing kana originally created by Japanese linguists to write Taiwanese Hokkien known as Taiwanese kana.