List of 3D printed weapons and parts

Last updated

The table below lists noteworthy 3D printed weapons (mainly 3D printed firearms) and parts.

Contents

List of weapons and parts

Key/Legend

   Plastic -Weapon/Part used plastic 3D-printer

   Metal -Weapon/Part used metal 3D-printer

  Both -Weapon/Part uses both metal and plastic 3D-printers

Entire firearms
NameDate made publicTypeMechanismProcessDesignerOther required partsCaliber
Monolith Arms P-12 [1] [2] [3] 2005Hybrid firearm: shotgun Pump action UnreleasedEmpty Shell llcEmpty Shell LLC components 12-gauge
  • Never publicly released
  • Horizontal 20 round detachable magazine
Liberator .380 [4] [5] 2013, May [4] [6] [7] Primarily printed firearm: Pistol Single shotFDM [8] Defense Distributed [9] Roofing nail .380 ACP
  • A single shot .380 ACP pistol. [4] [6] [7]
  • Fully 3D printed including springs, requiring only a roofing nail
  • Notable as the first publicly released printed firearm design
Grizzly, [5] [10]

Grizzly 2.0, [11] G22 v3 [12]

2013, August (original), G22 v3 (latest) [10] [12] Hybrid firearm: RifleSingle-shotFDM w/ ABS"Matthew" (pseudonym) [10] [11] [12] .22 caliber barrel liner

Metal rods Metric fasteners Springs Screws

.22 LR
Reprringer [5] [13] [14] [15] 2013, September [13] Primarily printed firearm: Pepper-box revolver [5] [13] FDMHexen [13] [14] .22 Short/.22 LR
  • It can hold 5 .22 caliber cartridges. [13] [14]
  • Unlike the many early 3D-printed firearm designs, which were overbuilt in order to withstand the pressures and strain on the material from modern gunpowder cartridges, the Reprringer is small and only slightly larger than an equivalent gun made from steel. [13]
Solid Concepts 1911 DMLS [16] 2013, November [16] Weapon: Browning 1911 handgun [5] [16] Semi-automatic, Short-recoil DMLS [16] Solid Concepts [5] [16] Springs .45 ACP
  • The gun is made up of 34 3D-printed components. [17]
  • Notable as the first fully metal 3D-printed firearm.
Zig Zag revolver [5] [18] 2014, May [18] Primarily printed firearm: Revolver [5] FDM [5] Yoshitomo Imura [18] .38 Caliber
  • Named after the German Mauser Zig-Zag revolver.
  • Holds six cartridges and can fire .38 caliber bullets. [15]
Imura Revolver [19] [20] [21] 2014, September [20] Primarily printed firearm: Revolver [19] [20] FDMFOSSCAD members: WarFairy, Frostbyte and others [21] .22 caliber barrel liner.38 Caliber
  • A double-action revolver [21] that holds six cartridges. [22]
  • While primarily made of plastic, it includes a steel barrel liner and chamber sleeves [21] to increase tensile strength. [23] [ better source needed ]
Reason [24] 2014, OctoberWeapon: M1911 pistolSemi-autonatic Recoil operation DMLS [25] Solid Concepts [26] 10mm Auto
  • Created roughly after a year the first known metal 3D printed gun was produced. [24]
  • Has the word "Reason" etched on it, along with an excerpt from the Declaration of Independence on the barrel. [25]
XPR-1 [27] 2015, OctoberWeapon: Plasma Armature Railgun FDMDavid Wirth [28]
  • First 3D printed railgun structure.
  • Closed source - designs and code released to research institutions only.
  • Employed a mixture of traditional and additive manufacturing. Rails were traditionally machined, as well as the fasteners and electronics.
PG22 [29] 2017, FebruaryPrimarily printed firearm:pistolSingle-shotFDM w/ PLAPilotgeekSteek barrel liner, breechblock, firing pin, and spring .22 LR
  • Uses a plastic frame, slide, and fire control components with a steel barrel liner, breechblock, firing pin, and spring.
  • First in line of "PG22" single shot pistols and revolvers.
  • Individually designed, rather than built off of open-source plans.
EMG-01A [30] 2018, JulyWeapon: Coilgun FDM Arcflash Labs
  • First commercial handheld coilgun. [31]
FGC-9 /

FGC-9 MkII

2020, March 27 (MKI); 2021, April 16, (MKII)Hybrid Firearm: pistol Semi-automatic simple blowback FDMJStark1809 (DetDisp)Steel round stock, springs,

AR-15 fire control group springs, fasteners, stainless steel tubing

9×19mm Parabellum
  • Based on Shuty AP-9.
  • No parts kit required: barrel can be rifled via Electrochemical machining (ECM).
  • Version two, labeled MKII, features an updated design with an H&K MP5 style charging handle.
  • The MKII was released to work with a string of smaller releases, including an improved barrel making process and V2 Menendez Mag. Includes the "ButWhatAboutAmmo" tutorial for fabricating ammunition.
Thump 'n Grind [32] 2021, JulySignaling device: LauncherFDMAWCY?Steel rods, tubing, AR-15 FCG, fasteners37mm ammunition
The Harlot [33] 2022, FebruaryPrimarily printed firearm: PistolSingle-shotFDMBAD-CAD / Black Lotus Coalition.22 caliber barrel liner, spring, and fasterners .22 LR
  • A mostly printed .22 LR pistol. Uses a DIY metal barrel, firing pin, and spring.
  • Simple and extremely cheap, designed to cost $5-$8. Commonly created to be sold at gun buybacks for profit. [34]
  • A large number of remixes and variants of this design have been created.
The Urutau [35] 2024,July 20Hybrid Firearm: Bullpup Short-Barreled Rifle or Standard Rifle Semi-Automatic Straight-Blowback FDMJoseph The Parrot, A.K.A. Zé CariocaSteel Bar/Round Stock, Hydraulic Tubing, Springs, Screws, Pins, Spacers 9x19mm
  • Based on the FGC-9 and Partisan 9
  • Parts kits are commercially available to Americans but not required for anyone
  • Barrel is manufacturable with Electrochemical Machining (ECM)
  • Documentation includes a guide for avoiding detection by law enforcement
  • Files include "The New Second Amendment", a nine-page manifesto encouraging Urutau builders "to permanently undermine global firearm prohibition"

Receivers & frames

Receiver and frame are the parts that are legally considered a firearm and must be registered.

NameDate made publicTypeProcessDesignerCaliber
AR Lower V5 [36] 2013, March [36] Receiver: AR-15 rifle lower receiver [36] FDM [37] Defense Distributed [36] .223 Rem/ 5.56x45
  • The receiver was able to handle enough stress to fire more than 600 rounds. [36]
Charon [38] [39] [40] May 2013 [38] Receiver: AR-15 rifle lower receiver [38] [39] [40] FDM [41] WarFairy [39] [40] .223 Rem/ 5.56x45
  • Charon V3 weighs 0.2 pounds and showed no signs of strain after 96 rounds of 5.56 AR-15 ammo were fired. [41]
WarFairy P-15 [38] 2013, May [38] Receiver: AR-15 rifle lower receiver [36] FDM [41] WarFairy [39] [40] .223 Rem/ 5.56x45
Hanuman AR-15 Bullpup [42] [43] 2014, May [42] [43] Receiver: AR-15 rifle bullpup lower receiver [42] [43] FDM w/ ABSWarFairy [42] [43] .223 Rem/ 5.56x45
  • According to the creators, "It requires a bufferless upper to function, such as the ARAK-21 or Rock River Arms PDS Carbine, or a regular upper with a CMMG Style .22 LR Conversion installed." [42]
Ruger Charger [44] [45] [46] 2014, July [45] Receiver: Ruger 10/22 semi-automatic pistol [45] FDM [47] "Buck-o-Fama" (pseudonym) [45] .22 Long Rifle
A pistol version of the popular Ruger 10/22 rifle. [44] [45]
CM901 [48] 2015, MarchReceiver: AR-10 ReceiverFDMPrinted Firearm [49] 7.62×51mm
Lopoint / Bigpoint [50] 2019, November (v1); 2020, November (,40/.45); 2021, May (v2)Frame: Hi-Point pistol frameFDMCTRLPew / Atmac / freeman1337 9×19mm Parabellum, .380 ACP, .40 S&W, .45 ACP
  • Compatible with Hi-Point C9, CF380, JCP, and JHP parts.
  • Extremely cheap due to the high availability of the required parts kits.
Scz0rpion [51] 2020, OctoberReceiver: CZ Scorpion Evo 3 receiverFDMAre We Cool Yet? 9×19mm Parabellum
  • First 3D printed frame to be successfully tested with 1000+ rounds full auto in one sitting without failure. [52] [53]
3011 / 3011DS [54] 2021, November; 2023, January (DS)Receiver: 1911 based PDWFDMDeterrence Dispensed .45 ACP, 9×19mm Parabellum, .22 TCM
  • Utilizes a 1911 slide for the upper, and an AR-15 fire control group.
  • An updated version, called the 3011DS, allows the use of double-stack higher capacity Remington and RIA magazines.
3DPD10 [55] 2023, AprilFrame: Pistol frameFDMAvidity Arms 9×19mm Parabellum
  • A 3D-printable frame for the Avidity Arms PD10.
  • This design is notable as the first firearm released by commercial company designed to be 3D printed. [56]

Firearms parts and accessories

NameDate made publicTypeProcessDesignerCaliber
The Cuomo Mag [57] January 2013 [58] Magazine: AR-15 rifle STANAG magazine [57] FDM [59] Defense Distributed [58] .223 Rem/ 5.56x45
  • The magazine holds 30 rounds. [58] [60] [61]
  • The initial prototype was created using an Objet Connex26 using VeroClear printing material (a transparent material) in order to show the magazine's round count and feeding action. [62]
  • It was able to handle enough stress to fire 342 rounds and can fire 227+ rounds in quick succession. [61]
Feinstein AK Mag [57] [63] [64] March 2013 [57] [63] Magazine: AK-47 rifle magazineFDM [65] Defense Distributed [57] [63] 7.62×39mm
  • A 30-round AK-47 magazine. [57]
Red Rocket shotgun slug May 2013Ammunition: 12 gauge shotgun slug[ citation needed ]FDM w/ ABS+ [66] Jeef Hesszel [67] 12-gauge
  • During testing, the bullet penetrated a 2×12 piece of pine wood, creating a hole in a wire reel. [66]
3DX [68] [69] muzzle brakeJuly 2013 [68] Muzzle device: AR-15 rifle muzzle brake [68] DMLS w/ Inconel [68] Sintercore [68] .223 Rem/ 5.56x45
  • Designed to tame the recoil and muzzle rise of an AR-15 semi automatic rifle chambered in 5.56×45mm NATO (.223). [68]
  • It fired 7900 rounds during testing on semi-auto. [69] During a test on full auto, 10 magazines of 62 grain green tip 5.56 rounds were fired without any issues. [69]
  • US Special Operation Command's (USSOCOM) Science and Technology Directorate invited Neal (the owner of Sintercore) to demonstrate the 3DX muzzle brake for possible use by its elite troops. They tested it on August 5, 2014. [69]
5.56×45mm/.223 rifle suppressors:
  • 556-45 Samson (Samson suppressor replica)
  • 556-SBR
  • 556-45 Suppressor [70]
November 2013 [71] Muzzle device: Titanium rifle suppressor [70] SLM w/ Titanium [72] Oceania Defence Ltd. [72] [71] [73] and Rapid Advanced Manufacturing [74] .223 Rem/ 5.56x45
  • An additively manufactured titanium weapon suppressor. It is 50% lighter than some conventional steel suppressors. [72]
  • Oceania Defense has made three variations of the 5.56mm/.223 suppressor so far: the 556-45 Samson (an AR-15 suppressor designed to operate on semi auto Short-barreled rifle to 12.5" barrels), 556-SBR (designed for hard use on 10.5" barrel for AR-15 firearms in 5.56mm/.223 ammunition) and 556-45 Suppressor (direct thread on suppressor which overlaps the barrel designed to reduce a baffle strike) [70]
7.62×51mm/.308 rifle suppressors:
  • 300 BLK Long
  • 762-AR10
  • 762-G3 [75]
November 2013 [71] Muzzle device: Titanium rifle suppressor [75] SLM w/ Titanium [72] Oceania Defence Ltd. [72] [71] [73] and Rapid Advanced Manufacturing [74] 7.62x39mm
  • An additively manufactured titanium weapon suppressor.
  • 50% lighter than some conventional steel suppressors. [72]
  • Oceania Defence made 3 variations of the 7.62mm rifle suppressor. the 300 BLK Long (designed for use with the 300 AAC Blackout cartridge in both subsonic and supersonic. It fits under the rail of a Samson or similar rail system on the AR-15-type rifle, but can to perform acceptably on bolt action 7.62×51mm/.308 rifles as well), 762-AR10 Suppressor (designed for the AR-10/LAR-8 7.62mm/.308 rifle but will also work with any bolt-action rifle in .30 caliber or less) and 762-G3 Suppressor (designed for the Heckler & Koch G3 and fits the HK91 series of 7.62mm/.308 rifles, as well as the HK33 and HK93 series of 5.56×45mm rifles). [75]
Small-caliber suppressors: November 2013 [71] Muzzle device: Titanium pistol suppressor [76] SLM w/ Titanium [72] Oceania Defence Ltd. [72] [71] [73] and Rapid Advanced Manufacturing [74] 9x19mm Parabellum, .45 ACP
  • Long version is designed to operate on 9×19mm Parabellum carbines firing fully automatic. [76]
    • It fits under the rail of a Samson or similar rail system on the AR-15-type rifle. [76]
    • This is a sealed can and is only suitable for use with jacketed bullets. [76]
  • Pistol version is designed with a Neilsen which allows it to be used with most of the common John Browning tilting-barrel designs, including the swinging-linked M1911 and the cam-lock system operated Glock pistols. The Neilsen is an assembly in the aft end of the suppressor that allows the gasses to push the suppressor forward while allowing the unimpeded rearward movement of the barrel and slide assembly using a stainless steel spring and titanium piston. [77]
    • It is able to function well with a wide range of ammo, although its sound reduction performs best with subsonic bullets heavier than 124 grains, with 147 or 158 grain bullets being the quietest. [77]
    • It is designed to be run wet or dry, averaging 127.7–128.4 dBA with 147 grain or 127.6–134.2 dBA with 124 grain when dry and 123.1 dBA with 147 grain or 129.1 dBA with 124 grain when wet. [77]
  • It is an additively manufactured titanium weapon suppressor. It is 50% lighter than some conventional steel suppressors [72]
The Israel drum magazine [78] December 2013 [78] Magazine: AR-15 rifle 75-round STANAG drum magazine [78] FDMFOSSCAD members [78] .223 Rem/ 5.56x45
  • A 75-round drum magazine for .223 Remington/5.56 NATO AR-15 rifles.
The Yee drum magazine [78] December 2013 [78] Magazine: AK-family drum magazine [78] FDMFOSSCAD members [78] 7.62x39mm
  • 75-round drum magazine for 7.62×39mm AK-pattern rifles (e.g. AK-47, AK-102, AK-104 and compatible variants). [78]
SKS grip and stock [15] [79] May 2014 [15] Part: SKS rifle grip and stock [15] FDMFOSSCAD members [15]
Škorpion vz. 61 grip and stock [15] [79] May 2014 [15] Part: Škorpion vz. 61 sub machinegun grip and stock [15] FDMFOSSCAD members [15]
NERO 556 Muzzle brake [80] [81] 2018 [80] Muzzle device: AR-15 rifle muzzle brake [68] DMLS [81] w/ Inconel [82] Walker Defense Research [83] [81] .223 Rem/ 5.56x45
  • "The idea was to create a muzzle brake with no equal; one that turns the recoil of an AR-15 into a slight push with zero muzzle rise." [80]
  • Produced for 5.56x45mm (.223 Rem) or .224 Valkyrie [81] rifles with 1/2x28 threads. [80]
Menendez Mag [84] August 2019 (v1);

March 2021 (v2)

Part: Glock 17/19 MagazineFDM Deterrence Dispensed 9×19mm Parabellum
  • Dry fire testing of the v2 design suggested a lifetime of over 1000 rounds.
  • A fully printable swift link that enables full-auto fire by pressing on the disconnector. Compatible with most AR-15 lowers.
  • Classified as a machine gun by the ATF. [85]
'Make Glocks Full Auto' Glock Autosear [86] [87] April 2020Part: Glock autosearFDMdigitalmaniac / FreeMenDontAsk


Glossary of acronyms

FFF
Fused filament fabrication, a process that squeezes a molten filament.
FDM
Fused deposition modeling, a trademarked term for FFF.
DMLS / SLM
Direct metal laser sintering, a process that fuses metal powder by sintering.
SLM
Selective laser melting, a process that fuses metal powder by melting.
ABS
Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, a common thermoplastic with relatively high heat resistance.
ABSplus is a stronger, proprietary blend of ABS by Stratasys.
PLA
Polylactic acid, a bio-plastic. Easier to print, stiffer, and more brittle than other plastics.
PLA+ is a term for any blend that enhances some characteristic.
PETG
Polyethylene terephthalate (glycol-modified), a plastic made by changing the chemicals used to synthesize the more common PET. Easier to print than ABS, and moderately better heat resistance than PLA.
Often used in consumer-level printers when creators desire better heat resistance than PLA+ or need more flexibility.
ECM
Electrochemical machining, a process that uses electricity to chemically machine metal. Commonly used in 3D printed firearms to create DIY barrels with rifling, greatly increasing accuracy.

FCG

Fire control group, the trigger mechanism of a firearm. Commonly used to refer to the AR-15 fire control group.

See also

Related Research Articles

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In firearms terminology and at law, the firearm frame or receiver is the part of a firearm which integrates other components by providing housing for internal action components such as the hammer, bolt or breechblock, firing pin and extractor, and has threaded interfaces for externally attaching ("receiving") components such as the barrel, stock, trigger mechanism and iron/optical sights. Various firearm receivers often come with 1 or 2 sections, the upper receiver which houses the barrel/trunnion, bolt components etc and the lower receiver that holds the fire control group, pistol grip, selector, stock etc.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pepper-box</span> Multi-barrel firearm

The pepper-box revolver or simply pepperbox is a multiple-barrel firearm, mostly in the form of a handgun, that has three or more gun barrels in a revolving mechanism. Each barrel holds a single shot, and the shooter can manually rotate the whole barrel assembly to sequentially index each barrel into alignment with the lock or hammer, similar to rotation of a revolver's cylinder.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Improvised firearm</span> Makeshift ranged weapon

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Glock</span> Series of pistols

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Defense Distributed</span> American non-profit developing digital firearm schematics

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cody Wilson</span> American weapons developer

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Liberator (gun)</span> 3D printed firearm design

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Charon (gun)</span>

The DEFCAD Charon is an open source 3D-printable AR-15 lower receiver project that was partially inspired by the Fabrique Nationale P90. It began as a design exercise by a DEFCAD user to explore FDM additive manufacturing technology as a means of integrating the P90's ergonomics into a stock for the AR-15, resulting in the WarFairy P-15 stock set.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">3D printed firearm</span> Firearm created using 3D printing

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Undetectable Firearms Act</span> US law

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The G22 Grizzly is a series of 3D-printed, single-shot, break-action rifles that fire .22LR cartridges. Initially developed in 2013 by a Canadian designer known by the pseudonym "Matthew", the G22 Grizzly has evolved through multiple iterations, with each version improving design, functionality, and printability. It is known for its high level of 3D-printability, requiring minimal non-printable metal parts. The latest version, G22v4, was released in September 2023.

The Feinstein AK Mag is a 3D printed magazine for the AK-47 rifle. It was created by Defense Distributed and made public in March 2013. The magazine was created using a Stratasys Dimension SST 3-D printer via the fused deposition modeling (FDM) method.

The Cuomo Mag is a 3D printed AR-15 magazine named after the Governor of New York, Andrew Cuomo, who signed the NY SAFE Act into law banning magazines capable of holding more than 10 rounds of ammunition. It was created by Defense Distributed and made public around January 2013

The WarFairy P-15 is a 3D printed Fabrique Nationale P90 stock made public around May 2013. It was printed using a LulzBot Taz printer via the fused deposition modeling (FDM) method. It was created by WarFairy

The 3DX, also known as the Auxetik, was the first 3D printed metal muzzle brake and the first 3D printed metallic component for a firearm. It is meant for the highly customisable AR-15 rifle. The design was made public around July 2013. The printer used to print it is unknown but the brake was created using the Direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) method by Sintercore. It is designed to tame the recoil and muzzle rise of AR-15 pistols chambered for .223 caliber (5.56×45mm) NATO rounds. The Auxetik was renamed to 3DX by Sintercore.

The Reprringer is a 3D printed pepperbox firearm, made public around September 2013. It is a 5-shot, single-action, manually-indexed .22 CB Cap revolver.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Solid Concepts 1911 DMLS</span> Semi-automatic pistol

The Solid Concepts 1911 DMLS is a 3D printed improvised firearm version of the M1911 pistol. It was made public around November 2013 and was printed via the direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) method. It was created by Solid Concepts. The first gun, version 1.0, is made up of 34 3D-printed 17-4 stainless steel components.

The Zig Zag revolver is a 3D-printed .38-caliber pepperbox type revolver made public in May 2014. It was created using a $500 plastic 3D-printer, however the name of the printer was not revealed by the creator.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">FGC-9</span> 3D-printable firearm

The FGC-9 is a 3D-printable, semi-automatic, pistol-caliber carbine. The firearm was first designed and manufactured between 2018 and 2020 by Jacob Duygu, a Kurdish German gun designer known by the pseudonym "JStark1809". In April 2021, a "MkII" revision was released. As of 2024, the FGC-9 is "by far" the world's most common 3-D printed gun, used by insurgents, militia members, terrorists, and drug traffickers in "at least 15 countries". The gun's most prominent promoter and co-designer is "Ivan The Troll," a man identified as John Elik in legal documents.

Shuty is a series of 3D printed firearms created by Derwood, a 47-year-old West Virginia carpenter. The Shuty is a semi-automatic pistol that is mostly 3d printed but requires some factory-made gun parts. It is chambered in 9×19mm Parabellum.

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