The table below lists noteworthy 3D printed weapons (mainly 3D printed firearms) and parts.
The Liberator .380 was the first 3D printed plastic gun made widely available online. It was a single shot pistol made using a Stratasys Dimension SST 3-D printer. [1] [2]
The Solid Concepts replica of the M1911 pistol was the first 3D printed metal gun, [3] created using more than 38 printed parts; [4] It has successfully fired more than 5000 rounds without damaging the gun. [5]
Plastic -Weapon/Part used plastic 3D-printer
Metal -Weapon/Part used metal 3D-printer
Both -Weapon/Part uses both metal and plastic 3D-printers
Name | Date made public | Type | Mechanism | Process | Designer | Other required parts | Caliber |
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Monolith Arms P-12 [6] [7] [8] | 2005 | Hybrid firearm: shotgun | Pump action | Empty Shell llc | 12-gauge | ||
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Liberator .380 [1] [2] | [1] [9] [10] | May 2013Primarily printed firearm: Pistol | Single shot | FDM [11] | Defense Distributed [12] | Roofing nail | .380 ACP |
Grizzly, [2] [13] Grizzly 2.0 [14] | [13] | August 2013Hybrid firearm: Rifle | Single-shot | FDM w/ ABS | "Matthew" (pseudonym) [13] [14] | .22 caliber barrel liner Metal rods Metric fasteners | .22 LR |
Reprringer [2] [15] [16] [17] | [15] | September 2013Primarily printed firearm: Pepper-box revolver [2] [15] | FDM | Hexen [15] [16] | .22 Short/.22 LR | ||
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Solid Concepts 1911 DMLS [3] | [3] | November 2013Weapon: Browning 1911 handgun [2] [3] | Semi-automatic, Short-recoil | DMLS [3] | Solid Concepts [2] [3] | Springs | .45 ACP |
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Zig Zag revolver [2] [18] | [18] | May 2014Primarily printed firearm: Revolver [2] | FDM [2] | Yoshitomo Imura [18] | .38 Caliber | ||
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Imura Revolver [19] [20] [21] | [20] | September 2014Primarily printed firearm: Revolver [19] [20] | FDM | FOSSCAD members: WarFairy, Frostbyte and others [21] | .22 caliber barrel liner | 22 lr | |
Reason [24] | October 2014 | Weapon: M1911 pistol | Semi-autonatic Recoil operation | DMLS [25] | Solid Concepts [26] | 10mm Auto | |
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XPR-1 [27] | October 2015 | Weapon: Plasma Armature Railgun | FDM | David Wirth [28] | |||
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PG22 [29] | February 2017 | Primarily printed firearm:pistol | Single-shot | FDM w/ PLA | Pilotgeek | Steek barrel liner, breechblock, firing pin, and spring | .22 LR |
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EMG-01A [30] | July 2018 | Weapon: Coilgun | FDM | Arcflash Labs | |||
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PG22 Maverick Revolver [32] [33] | October 2019 (v1); April 2021 (v2.4) | Hybrid firearm: Pepper-box revolver | FDM w/ PLA (original) or PLA+ (Maverick V2) | Pilotgeek | Steel barrel liners, ball bearings, firing pin, screws, springs | .22 Short | |
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Liberator12k [34] [35] [36] [37] | July 17, 2019 | Hybrid firearm: shotgun | Revolver | FDM | Jeffrey Rodriguez | Steel pipe, Steel rods, springs, nuts, and bolts | 12-gauge |
FGC-9 / FGC-9 MkII | March 27, 2020 (MKI); April 16, 2021 (MKII) | Hybrid Firearm: pistol | Semi-automatic simple blowback | FDM | JStark1809 (DetDisp) | Steel round stock, springs, AR-15 fire control group springs, fasteners, stainless steel tubing | 9×19mm Parabellum |
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Thump 'n Grind [38] | July 2021 | Signaling device: Launcher | FDM | AWCY? | Steel rods, tubing, AR-15 FCG, fasteners | 37mm ammunition | |
The Harlot [39] | February 2022 | Primarily printed firearm: Derringer pistol | Single-shot | FDM | BAD-CAD / Black Lotus Coalition | .22 caliber barrel liner, spring, and fasterners | .22 LR |
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The Cabfare [41] /Gambino [42] | February 2022 | Primarily printed firearm: Pistol | Single-shot | FDM | Punkjuggle/nameisnight/Black Lotus Coalition | .22 caliber barrel liner, spring, and fasteners | .22 lr |
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CF2000 [44] | February 14, 2022 | Primarily printed firearm: Shotgun | Electricity primed double-barrel shotgun | FDM | shit_on_wheels (Formerly known as BONKPEWPEW) | Steel pipe, nuts, washers, springs, arc lighter, electric wires, and rubber bands. | DIY Shotgun cartridges |
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GOPNIK [45] | March 6, 2022 | Primarily printed firearm: Shotgun | Single-shot | FDM | shit_on_wheels (Formerly known as BONKPEWPEW) | Steel pipe (not required), nuts, washers, springs, toy gun caps, and rubber bands | DIY Shotgun cartridges |
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VP22/VC22 [46] [47] | November 17, 2022 | Hybrid Firearm: Pistol (VP22) and Carbine (VC22) | Bolt-action | FDM | Gun Cad Ideas | Fasteners, barrel liner, 2 bearings, springs, and pins. | 22 lr |
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YEET22 [48] | December 5, 2022 | Hybrid Firearm: Pistol/SMG | Semi-automatic/Fully-automatic | FDM | shit_on_wheels | Steel pipe, springs, nuts and bolts. | 22 lr |
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Y22 Hammer [49] [50] | April 29, 2023 | Hybrid Firearm: Pistol | Semi-automatic | FDM | shit_on_wheels | Steel pipe, springs, nuts, and bolts. | 22 lr |
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Dirty Harry [51] /Private Eye [52] | May 2, 2022 | Hybrid Firearm: Pistol | Revolver | FDM | HulkHoganHH/Richard_Nixon | .22 caliber barrel liner, steel pipe, springs, nuts, and bolts. | 22 lr |
Mac22 "big mac" [53] | June 29, 2022 | Hybrid Firearm: Pistol/SMG | Semi-automatic/Fully-automatic | FDM | HulkHoganHH | Steel pipe, springs, pins, nuts, and bolts. | 22 lr |
TEC22 [54] | July 27, 2022 | Hybrid Firearm: Pistol | Semi-automatic | FDM | HulkHoganHH | Steel pipe, steel rods, springs, nuts, and bolts. | 22 lr |
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DS9 [55] | 07/15/2023 | Pistol: AR-Style Pistol | Semi-automatic | FDM | The Gatalog | Parts from AR-9: bolt, charging handle, barrel, buffer, buffer spring, trigger, magazine catch spring, fasteners | 9x19mm |
AMK MP7 [56] | September 25, 2023 | Hybrid firearm: pistol | Semi-automatic | FDM | Deterrence Dispensed | 5.7x28mm, 9x19mm | |
El Ratto [57] | January 1, 2024 | Hybrid firearm: pistol | Semi-automatic | FDM | HulkHoganHH | Steel rods, pins, springs, steel pipe, nuts, and bolts. | 22 lr |
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just-in-case [58] | May 30, 2024 | Hybrid firearm: pistol | Semi-automatic | FDM | ju5t3nc4s3 | Steel rods, pins, springs, steel pipe, nuts, and bolts | 22 lr |
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SY22 [59] | July 13, 2024 | Hybrid Firearm: pistol | Semi-automatic | FDM | The_Snark/BlackLotusCoaliton | Steel pipe, springs, nuts, and bolts | 22 lr |
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The Urutau [60] | 08/20/2024 | Hybrid Firearm: Bullpup Short-Barreled Rifle or Standard Rifle | Semi-Automatic Straight-Blowback | FDM | Joseph The Parrot, A.K.A. Zé Carioca | Steel Bar/Round Stock, Hydraulic Tubing, Springs, Screws, Pins, Spacers | 9x19mm |
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Receiver and frame are the parts that are legally considered a firearm and must be registered.
Name | Date made public | Type | Process | Designer | Caliber |
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AR Lower V5 [61] | [61] | March 2013Receiver: AR-15 rifle lower receiver [61] | FDM [62] | Defense Distributed [61] | .223 Rem/ 5.56x45 |
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Charon [63] [64] [65] | [63] | May 2013Receiver: AR-15 rifle lower receiver [63] [64] [65] | FDM [66] | WarFairy [64] [65] | .223 Rem/ 5.56x45 |
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WarFairy P-15 [63] | [63] | May 2013Receiver: AR-15 rifle lower receiver [61] | FDM [66] | WarFairy [64] [65] | .223 Rem/ 5.56x45 |
Hanuman AR-15 Bullpup [67] [68] | [67] [68] | May 2014Receiver: AR-15 rifle bullpup lower receiver [67] [68] | FDM w/ ABS | WarFairy [67] [68] | .223 Rem/ 5.56x45 |
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CM901 [69] | March 2015 | Receiver: AR-10 Receiver | FDM | Printed Firearm [70] | 7.62×51mm |
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Lopoint / Bigpoint [71] | November 2019 (v1); November 2020 (,40/.45); May 2021 (v2) | Frame: Hi-Point pistol frame | FDM | CTRLPew / Atmac / freeman1337 | 9×19mm Parabellum, .380 ACP, .40 S&W, .45 ACP |
Scz0rpion [72] | October 2020 | Receiver: CZ Scorpion Evo 3 receiver | FDM | Are We Cool Yet? | 9×19mm Parabellum |
3011 / 3011DS [75] | November 2021; January 2023 (DS) | Receiver: 1911 based PDW | FDM | Deterrence Dispensed | .45 ACP, 9×19mm Parabellum, .22 TCM |
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Ruger Charger [76] [77] [78] | [77] | July 2014Receiver: Ruger 10/22 semi-automatic pistol [77] | FDM [79] | "Buck-o-Fama" (pseudonym) [77] | .22 Long Rifle |
A pistol version of the popular Ruger 10/22 rifle. [76] [77] | |||||
3DPD10 [80] [81] | April 2023 | Frame: Pistol frame | FDM | Avidity Arms | 9×19mm Parabellum |
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Name | Date made public | Type | Process | Designer | Caliber |
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The Cuomo Mag [83] | [84] | January 2013Magazine: AR-15 rifle STANAG magazine [83] | FDM [85] | Defense Distributed [84] | .223 Rem/ 5.56x45 |
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Feinstein AK Mag [83] [89] [90] | [83] [89] | March 2013Magazine: AK-47 rifle magazine | FDM [91] | Defense Distributed [83] [89] | 7.62×39mm |
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Red Rocket shotgun slug | May 2013 | Ammunition: 12 gauge shotgun slug[ citation needed ] | FDM w/ ABS+ [92] | Jeef Hesszel [93] | 12-gauge |
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3DX [94] [95] muzzle brake | [94] | July 2013Muzzle device: AR-15 rifle muzzle brake [94] | DMLS w/ Inconel [94] | Sintercore [94] | .223 Rem/ 5.56x45 |
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NERO 556 Muzzle brake [96] [97] | 2018 [96] | Muzzle device: AR-15 rifle muzzle brake [94] | DMLS [97] w/ Inconel [98] | Walker Defense Research [99] [97] | .223 Rem/ 5.56x45 |
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5.56×45mm/.223 rifle suppressors:
| [101] | November 2013Muzzle device: Titanium rifle suppressor [100] | SLM w/ Titanium [102] | Oceania Defence Ltd. [102] [101] [103] and Rapid Advanced Manufacturing [104] | .223 Rem/ 5.56x45 |
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7.62×51mm/.308 rifle suppressors:
| [101] | November 2013Muzzle device: Titanium rifle suppressor [105] | SLM w/ Titanium [102] | Oceania Defence Ltd. [102] [101] [103] and Rapid Advanced Manufacturing [104] | 7.62x39mm |
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Small-caliber suppressors: | [101] | November 2013Muzzle device: Titanium pistol suppressor [106] | SLM w/ Titanium [102] | Oceania Defence Ltd. [102] [101] [103] and Rapid Advanced Manufacturing [104] | 9x19mm Parabellum, .45 ACP |
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The Israel drum magazine [108] [109] | [108] [109] | December 2013Magazine: AR-15 rifle 75-round STANAG drum magazine [108] [109] | FDM | FOSSCAD members [108] [109] | .223 Rem/ 5.56x45 |
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The Yee drum magazine [108] [109] | [108] [109] | December 2013Magazine: AK-family drum magazine [108] [109] | FDM | FOSSCAD members [108] [109] | 7.62x39mm |
SKS grip and stock [17] [110] | [17] | May 2014Part: SKS rifle grip and stock [17] | FDM | FOSSCAD members [17] | |
Škorpion vz. 61 grip and stock [17] [110] | [17] | May 2014Part: Škorpion vz. 61 sub machinegun grip and stock [17] | FDM | FOSSCAD members [17] | |
Menendez Mag [111] | March 2021 (v2) | August 2019 (v1); Part: Glock 17/19 Magazine | FDM | Deterrence Dispensed | 9×19mm Parabellum |
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'Make Glocks Full Auto' Glock Autosear [113] [114] | April 2020 | Part: Glock autosear | FDM | digitalmaniac / FreeMenDontAsk |
FCG
A revolver is a repeating handgun that has at least one barrel and uses a revolving cylinder containing multiple chambers for firing. Because most revolver models hold up to six cartridges, before needing to be reloaded, revolvers are commonly called six shooters or sixguns. Due to their rotating cylinder mechanism, they may also be called wheel guns.
The pepper-box revolver or simply pepperbox is a multiple-barrel firearm, mostly in the form of a handgun, that has three or more gun barrels in a revolving mechanism. Each barrel holds a single shot, and the shooter can manually rotate the whole barrel assembly to sequentially index each barrel into alignment with the lock or hammer, similar to rotation of a revolver's cylinder.
3D printing or additive manufacturing is the construction of a three-dimensional object from a CAD model or a digital 3D model. It can be done in a variety of processes in which material is deposited, joined or solidified under computer control, with the material being added together, typically layer by layer.
Improvised firearms are firearms manufactured other than by a firearms manufacturer or a gunsmith, and are typically constructed by adapting existing materials to the purpose. They range in quality, from crude weapons that are as much a danger to the user as the target, to high-quality arms produced by cottage industries using salvaged and repurposed materials.
The Mauser C78 - also known as M78 Oberndorf - is a single-action revolver manufactured by the Mauser company in Oberndorf am Neckar during the late 19th century. It was the first German revolver to be mass-produced for modern center-fire cartridges. It was also called the "zig-zag" in reference to the design of the six-round zig-zag-grooved cylinder and was chambered in various 6 mm to 11 mm calibers.
Defense Distributed is an online, open-source hardware and software organization that develops digital schematics of firearms in CAD files, or "wiki weapons", that may be downloaded from the Internet and used in 3D printing or CNC milling applications. Among the organization's goals is to develop and freely publish firearms-related design schematics that can be downloaded and reproduced by anyone with a 3D printer or milling machine, facilitating the popular production of homemade firearms.
Cody Rutledge Wilson is an American gun rights activist, and crypto-anarchist. He is a founder and director of Defense Distributed, a non-profit organization that develops and publishes open source gun designs, so-called "wiki weapons", suitable for 3D printing and digital manufacture. Defense Distributed gained international notoriety in 2013 when it published plans online for the Liberator, the first widely available functioning 3D-printed pistol.
The Liberator is a 3D-printable single-shot handgun, the first such printable firearm design made widely available online. The open source firm Defense Distributed designed the gun and released the plans on the Internet on May 6, 2013. The plans were downloaded over 100,000 times in the two days before the United States Department of State demanded that Defense Distributed retract the plans.
A 3D printed firearm is a firearm that is partially or primarily produced with a 3D printer. While plastic printed firearms are associated with improvised firearms, or the politics of gun control, digitally-produced metal firearms are more associated with commercial manufacturing or experiments in traditional firearms design.
The United States Undetectable Firearms Act of 1988 makes it illegal to manufacture, import, sell, ship, deliver, possess, transfer, or receive any firearm that is not as detectable by walk-through metal detection as a security exemplar containing 3.7 oz of steel, or any firearm with major components that do not generate an accurate image before standard airport imaging technology.
The Feinstein AK Mag is a 3D printed magazine for the AK-47 rifle. It was created by Defense Distributed and made public in March 2013. The magazine was created using a Stratasys Dimension SST 3-D printer via the fused deposition modeling (FDM) method.
The Cuomo Mag is a 3D printed AR-15 magazine named after the Governor of New York, Andrew Cuomo, who signed the NY SAFE Act into law banning magazines capable of holding more than 10 rounds of ammunition. It was created by Defense Distributed and made public around January 2013
The 3DX, also known as the Auxetik, was the first 3D printed metal muzzle brake and the first 3D printed metallic component for a firearm. It is meant for the highly customisable AR-15 rifle. The design was made public around July 2013. The printer used to print it is unknown but the brake was created using the Direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) method by Sintercore. It is designed to tame the recoil and muzzle rise of AR-15 pistols chambered for .223 caliber (5.56×45mm) NATO rounds. The Auxetik was renamed to 3DX by Sintercore.
The Solid Concepts 1911 DMLS is a 3D printed improvised firearm version of the M1911 pistol. It was made public around November 2013 and was printed via the direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) method. It was created by Solid Concepts. The first gun, version 1.0, is made up of 34 3D-printed 17-4 stainless steel components.
The Zig Zag revolver is a 3D-printed .38-caliber pepperbox type revolver made public in May 2014. It was created using a $500 plastic 3D-printer, however the name of the printer was not revealed by the creator.
Standard Manufacturing, LLC. is an American firearms manufacturer based in New Britain, Connecticut. The company was founded in 2014 by Louis Frutuoso. It serves as a subsidiary to Connecticut Shotgun Manufacturing Company, a manufacturer, repairer, and distributor of shotguns and related products.
The FGC-9 is a 3D-printable, semi-automatic, pistol-caliber carbine. The firearm was first designed and manufactured between 2018 and 2020 by Jacob Duygu, a Kurdish German gun designer known by the pseudonym "JStark1809". In April 2021, a "MkII" revision was released. As of 2024, the FGC-9 is "by far" the world's most common 3-D printed gun, used by insurgents, militia members, terrorists, and drug traffickers in "at least 15 countries". The gun's most prominent promoter and co-designer is "Ivan The Troll," a man identified as John Elik in legal documents.
Deterrence Dispensed (DetDisp) is a decentralized, online collective that promotes and distributes designs for open-source 3D printed firearms, gun parts, and handloaded cartridges. The group describes itself as aligned with the freedom of speech and anti-copyright movements.
Shuty is a series of 3D printed firearms created by Derwood, a 47-year-old West Virginia carpenter. The Shuty is a semi-automatic pistol that is mostly 3d printed but requires some factory-made gun parts. It is chambered in 9×19mm Parabellum.
The Urutau is a physible, 3D-printable, semi-automatic, bullpup, pistol-caliber carbine. The firearm was designed and manufactured between 2021 and 2024 by a gun designer known by the pseudonyms "Joseph The Parrot" and "Zé Carioca."
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