This is a list of offshore wind farms within the national maritime boundaries of the United Kingdom.
In December 2024 the nameplate capacity of offshore wind farms in operation was approximately 14 GW, with a further 8 GW under construction. Contracts for difference for a further 9 GW have been awarded by the UK Government.
If all the proposed wind farms are developed, then in the 2030s, the United Kingdom will have a nameplate capacity of 77 GW.
In October 2023, there were offshore wind farms consisting of 2,695 turbines with a combined capacity of 14,703 megawatts. Strike price is based on £/MWh at 2012 prices.
Abbreviation | Explanation |
---|---|
Cap. | The rated nameplate capacity of the wind farm. |
No. | The number of wind turbines. |
Model | The model of wind turbine. |
Cost | The total capital cost of the project up to commissioning. |
Cap. fac. | The average capacity factor, i.e. the average power generated by the wind farm, as a percentage of its nameplate capacity. |
Km to shore | The average distance of the wind farm to shore, or (where available) the distance from the in-farm transformer/substation to the shore. |
Depth range (m) | The range of minimum to maximum depths of water in which the wind farm is sited. |
Refs | The source references for the information. The [w ...] footnotes link to each wind farm's own home page. |
These are offshore wind farms currently under construction (offshore), with a combined capacity in December 2024 of 7,792 MW. Strike price is based on £/MWh at 2012 prices.
Name | Country | Location | Cap. (MW) | No. | Model | Project commissioning | Strike price | Depth range (m) | Km to shore | Owner | Refs. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Neart Na Gaoithe | Scotland | 56°16′4″N2°19′15″W / 56.26778°N 2.32083°W | 450 | 54 | Siemens Gamesa SG 8.0-167 DD | 2025 | 114.39 | 20 | EDF R / ESB | [53] [13] [54] | |
Sofia Offshore Wind Farm | England | 55°00′N1°56′E / 55.0°N 1.93°E | 1400 | 100 | Siemens Gamesa SG 14-222 DD | 2026 | 39.65 | 195 | RWE | [55] [56] [57] [58] [59] | |
Dogger Bank A | England | 54°46′12″N1°55′01″E / 54.77°N 1.917°E | 1235 | 95 | GE-Haliade X 13MW | 2025 | 39.65 | 131 | SSE Renewables, Equinor | [55] [60] [61] [62] [63] [64] | |
Dogger Bank B | England | 1235 | 95 | GE-Haliade X 13MW | 2026 | 41.61 | SSE Renewables, Equinor | [55] [61] [62] [63] [65] | |||
Dogger Bank C | England | 1218 | GE-Haliade X 14MW | 2027 | 41.61 | SSE Renewables, Equinor | [55] [66] [62] [63] [65] | ||||
Moray West | Scotland | 58°06′N3°06′W / 58.1°N 3.1°W | 882 | 60 | Siemens Gamesa SG 14-222 DD | 2025 | 37.35 (294MW for AR4 and 74MW for AR6 @ 54.23) | Ocean Wind | [67] [68] [69] [70] [71] [72] [73] [74] [75] [76] | ||
East Anglia Three | England | TM097462 | 1372 | 95 | Siemens Gamesa SG 14-236 DD | 2026 | 37.35 (159MW for AR6 @ 54.23) | Iberdrola | [77] [78] [79] [80] [76] [81] |
These are wind farms that have started onshore construction and have been awarded contracts under the UK Government's Contracts for Difference Round 4 (2022). Total capacity of 5,312 MW. Strike price is based on £/MWh at 2012 prices. These projects re-bid some capacity in Round 6 (2024) with a higher strike price.
Name | Country | Location | Cap. (MW) | No. | Model | Project commissioning | Strike price | Depth range (m) | Km to shore | Owner | Refs. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hornsea Three | England | TG210034 | 2852 | 231 | Siemens Gamesa SG 14-236 DD | 2027 | 37.35 (1080MW for AR6 @ 54.23) | 160 | Ørsted | [82] [83] [84] [85] [76] | |
Inch Cape | Scotland | NT394753 | 1080 | Vestas V236-15 | 37.35 (251MW for AR6 @ 54.23) | Inch Cape Offshore | [86] [76] | ||||
Norfolk Boreas | England | 53°00′00″N2°56′00″E / 53.00000°N 2.93333°E | 1380 | Vestas | 2027 | 37.35 | 72 | RWE | [87] [88] [89] [90] [91] |
These is a wind farm proposed under the Round 4 (2022) CFD auction, [92] with a capacity of 32 MW. Strike price is based on £/MWh at 2012 prices.
Name | Country | Location | Cap. (MW) | No. | Model | Project commissioning | Strike price | Depth range (m) | Km to shore | Owner | Notes | Refs. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TwinHub Floating Offshore Wind Project | England | 32 | 87.30 | Wave Hub Limited |
These are wind farms proposed under the Round 6 (2024) CFD auction, [92] with a combined capacity of 3,763 MW. Strike price is based on £/MWh at 2012 prices.
Name | Country | Location | Cap. (MW) | No. | Model | Project commissioning | Strike price | Depth range (m) | Km to shore | Owner | Notes | Refs. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hornsea Four | England | TA042348 | 2400 | 2029 | 58.87 | Ørsted | [76] | |||||
East Anglia Two | England | TM415611 | 963 | 2029 | 58.87 | Iberdrola | [76] | |||||
Green Volt OWF | Scotland | NJ830445 | 400 | 2029 | 139.93 | Green Volt | [76] |
Note: this table does not include OWFs that were awarded contracts in AR4, and have now received a new contract as a result of permitted reduction in AR6.
This wind farm was proposed under the UK Government's Contracts for Difference Round 3 (2019), which it decided to withdraw from. It will likely bid in AR6 with a changed specification from the original submission. [55]
Name | Country | Location | Cap. (MW) | No. | Model | Project commissioning | Strike price | Depth range (m) | Km to shore | Owner | Notes | Refs. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Forthwind | Scotland | 12 | Originally 2023/24 | 1.5 | Forthwind Limited | Cancelled CfD in April 2024. | [55] [93] |
These are wind farms that are in an exploratory phase and have not yet secured a Contract for Difference at auction.
Total capacities: England: 18,423 MW - Wales: 700 MW - Scotland: 30,326 MW
Name | Country | Location | Cap. (MW) | No. | Model/ capacity | Technology | Project commissioning | Option price | Depth range (m) | Km to shore | Owner | Notes | Refs. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
East Anglia One North | England | 800 | Fixed | 2026 | 69 | Iberdrola | [77] | ||||||
Rampion 2 Extension | England | 50°40′00″N0°16′00″W / 50.66667°N 0.26667°W | 1200 | 90 | Fixed | 2030 | E.ON | December 2024: Planning Inspectorate have completed examination, decision due Feb 2025 [94] | [95] | ||||
Norfolk Vanguard East | England | 1380 | Vestas | Fixed | Before 2030 | RWE | Construction of HVDC platforms started - 04/24 | [96] [90] [91] [97] | |||||
Norfolk Vanguard West | England | 1380 | 92 | Vestas V236-15 | Fixed | Before 2030 | RWE | Construction of HVDC platforms started - 04/24 | [90] [91] [97] | ||||
Dogger Bank South | England | 3000 | Fixed | £248m | RWE | Signed lease with Crown Estate - Jan 2023 | [98] [99] [100] | ||||||
Awel y Môr | Wales | Adjacent to Gwynt y Môr wind farm | estimated 500 | up to 50 | Fixed | RWE | [101] | ||||||
Five Estuaries | England | Adjacent to Galloper Wind Farm | 353 | TBD | Fixed | RWE | [102] | ||||||
North Falls | England | Adjacent to Greater Gabbard wind farm | 504 | up to 72 | Fixed | SSE Renewables, RWE | [103] | ||||||
Dogger Bank D | England | 1320 | Fixed | SSE Renewables, Equinor | Signed lease with Crown Estate - Jan 2023 | [104] [99] | |||||||
Berwick Bank | Scotland | Outer Firth of Forth | 4100 | Fixed | 2030 | SSE Renewables | [105] | ||||||
Seagreen Phase 1A | England | 500 | Fixed | SSE Renewables, TotalEnergies | [106] | ||||||||
Outer Dowsing | England | Off the Lincolnshire Coast, East of the Humber Estuary | 1500 | Fixed | 2030 | £125m | 54 | Corio Generation, TotalEnergies | Aug 2022 - scoping report sent to the Planning Inspectorate. Signed lease with Crown Estate - Jan 2023 | [107] [108] [109] [99] [100] | |||
Morecambe | England | Off the Lancashire Coast, West of Blackpool and South West of Morecambe Bay | 480 | 20 - 40 | Fixed | 2028 | £45m | 30 | Offshore Wind Limited | Signed lease with Crown Estate - Jan 2023 | [107] [110] [111] [99] [100] | ||
Mona | England | Off the Northern Welsh Coast, North East of Anglesey | 1500 | Fixed | £231m | 35 | 30 | EnBW, BP | Signed lease with Crown Estate - Jan 2023 | [107] [112] [99] [100] | |||
Morgan | England | Off the coast of Barrow-In-Furness, West of Morecambe Bay | 1500 | Fixed | £231m | 35 | 30 | EnBW, BP | Signed lease with Crown Estate - Jan 2023 | [107] [112] [99] [100] | |||
Morven | Scotland | "Map Reference 1" | 2907 | Fixed | £85.9m | 65-75 | 60 | BP Alternative Energy Investments | Nov 2022 - two floating LiDARs to be deployed | [113] [112] [114] | |||
Ossian | Scotland | "Map Reference 2" | 2610 | Up to 270 | Floating | £85.9m | SSE Renewables | Potential to grow to 3.6GW. Nov 2022 - completed a geophysical and benthic survey | [113] [115] [116] | ||||
Bellrock | Scotland | "Map Reference 3" | 1200 | Floating | £28m | Falck Renewables | Feb 2023 - FLS200 floating LiDAR buoy to be deployed. | [113] [117] [118] | |||||
CampionWind | Scotland | "Map Reference 4" Off the East coast of Scotland | 2000 | Floating | £86m | Averaging 77 | 100 | ScottishPower, Shell | [113] [119] | ||||
Muir Mhòr | Scotland | "Map Reference 5" | 798 | Floating | £20m | 67 | Vattenfall | Jun '23 Geophysical and environmental surveys started | [113] [120] [121] | ||||
Bowdun | Scotland | "Map Reference 6" - E3 leasing zone off Bowdun Head | 1008 | 50 to 60 | 18-25MW each | Fixed | Construction to commence 2029 and commissioned in 2033 | £18.7m | 44 | Thistle Wind Partners | Mar '23 renamed, formerly Cluaran Deas Ear | [113] [122] [123] | |
Ayre | Scotland | "Map Reference 7" NE2 leasing zone, off East Mainland of Orkney | 1008 | Floating | Construction to commence 2029 and commissioned in 2033 | £20m | 33 | Thistle Wind Partners | Mar '23 renamed, formerly Cluaran Ear-Thuath | [113] [114] [123] | |||
Broadshore | Scotland | "Map Reference 8" | 900 | Floating | £25.6m | Falck Renewables | Feb 2023 - FLS200 floating LiDAR buoy to be deployed. | [113] [124] [118] | |||||
Caledonia | Scotland | "Map Reference 9" - adjacent to Moray East and Moray West OWFs. | 2000 | Fixed | 2030 | £42.9m | Ocean Winds (joint venture between ENGIE & EDP Renewables) | May 2023 - LiDAR devices to be deployed. Geophysical surveys partially complete. | [113] [125] | ||||
Stromar | Scotland | "Map Reference 10" | 1000 | Floating | £13.4m | Falck Renewables | [113] [126] | ||||||
MarramWind | Scotland | "Map Reference 11" - North East coast of Scotland | 3000 | Floating | £68.4m | Averaging 100 | 75 | ScottishPower, Shell | [113] [127] | ||||
Buchan | Scotland | "Map Reference 12" | 960 | Floating | £33m | BayWa | A floating LiDAR Buoy has been deployed - Nov 2022 | [113] [128] [129] [130] | |||||
West of Orkney | Scotland | "Map Reference 13" | 2000 | Fixed | £65.7m | Offshore Wind Power | Oct 2022 - completed offshore and nearshore surveys | [113] [131] | |||||
Havbredey | Scotland | Northwest of Lewis | 1500 | Floating | 2036 | £3.9m | 35 | Northland Power | [113] [132] [133] | ||||
"N3 Project" | Scotland | "Map Reference 15" | 495 | 15 | Mixed | 2030 | £10.3m | 106-125 | Magnora | [113] [134] | |||
Spiorad na Mara | Scotland | "Map Reference 16" - West coast of Lewis | 840 | Fixed | 2031 | £16.1m | 5 | Northland Power | This project will be prioritized over the Havbredey project. | [113] [132] [133] | |||
MachairWind | Scotland | "Map Reference 17" | 2000 | Fixed | £75.4m | Scottish Power | [113] [135] | ||||||
Sheringham Shoal and Dudgeon Extensions | England | Adjacent to existing Sheringham, Shoal and Dudgeon Wind Farms | 719 | up to 56 | Fixed | Equinor | April 2024 - Project has Secured Development Consent | [136] [137] | |||||
Pentland | Scotland | Off the coast of Dounreay, Caithness | 7 | Floating | 2026 | Highland Wind Limited | Offshore consent approved by Highland Council - Oct 2022 | [138] [139] [140] | |||||
Llŷr 1 | Wales | Off the coast of Pembrokeshire | 100 | Floating | 2027 | 60-70 | 40 | Floventis Energy | Benthic and geophysical surveys completed | [141] | |||
Llŷr 2 | Wales | Off the coast of Pembrokeshire | 100 | Floating | 2027 | 60-70 | 40 | Floventis Energy | Benthic and geophysical surveys completed | [141] | |||
Whitecross | England | Off the Devon/Cornwall coast | 100 | up to 8 | Floating | 2027 | 50 | Offshore Wind Ltd | [142] [143] |
In October 2022, there was one offshore wind farm that had been decommissioned, consisting of two turbines with a combined capacity of 4MW.
Name | Country | Location | Cap. (MW) | No. | Model | Project decommissioning | Strike price | Build cost | Cap. fac. | Depth range (m) | Km to shore | Owner | Refs. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Blyth Offshore | England | 55°08′09″N01°29′25″W / 55.13583°N 1.49028°W | 4 | 2 | Vestas V66-2MW | 2019 March | £4m | 6–11 | 1.6 | E.ON | [144] |