This article needs additional citations for verification .(November 2020) |
Intense tropical cyclones usually produce tornadoes, the majority of those weak, especially upon landfall.
These are the tropical cyclones that are known to have spawned tornadoes. The list is most complete for the U.S., but does include other areas. Within the United States 1,163 tornadoes were associated with tropical cyclones, [1] accounting for slightly under 6% of all tornadoes. The most tornadoes spawned by a single tropical cyclone were associated with Hurricane Ivan, which spawned 120 tornadoes.
Tropical cyclone | Outbreak dates | Tornadoes | Location of tornado(es) | Notes | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Unnamed | September 10, 1811 | 1 | South Carolina | [2] | |
Unnamed | June 30, 1814 | 1 | South Carolina | [2] | |
Unnamed | September 10, 1882 | *3 | Florida | [2] | |
Unnamed | October 4, 1885 | *1 | New Jersey | [2] | |
Unnamed | October 11, 1885 | *1 | Florida | [2] | |
Unnamed | July 6, 1891 | *4 | Louisiana, Mississippi | [2] | |
Unnamed | September 13, 1892 | *4 | North Carolina, South Carolina | [2] | |
1893 Sea Islands hurricane | August 28, 1893 | *1 | North Carolina | [2] | |
Unnamed | September 7, 1893 | *1 | Louisiana | [2] | |
Unnamed | October 4, 1899 | *1 | Georgia | [2] | |
Tropical cyclone | Outbreak dates | Tornadoes | Location of tornado(es) | Notes | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1900 Galveston hurricane | September 7, 1900 | *2 | Georgia | [2] | |
Hurricane Four (1915) | September 4, 1915 | *2 | Georgia, Virginia | [2] | |
1916 Gulf Coast hurricane | July 6, 1916 | *11 | Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi | [2] | |
1916 Charleston hurricane | July 15, 1916 | *1 | South Carolina | [2] | |
1916 Pensacola hurricane | October 18, 1916 | *4 | Alabama | [2] | |
Unnamed | October 29, 1917 | *4 | South Carolina, Virginia | [2] | |
1919 Florida Keys hurricane | September 10, 1919 | *1 | Florida | [2] | |
1919 Florida Keys hurricane | September 15, 1919 | 2 | Texas, New Mexico | [2] | |
Hurricane Two (1921) | September 9, 1921 | *6 | Texas | [2] | |
1928 Haiti hurricane | August 10, 1928 | *5 | South Carolina | [2] | |
1928 Haiti hurricane | August 15, 1928 | *4 | South Carolina, North Carolina | [2] | |
1929 Bahamas hurricane | September 28, 1929 | *6 | Florida, South Carolina | [2] | |
1933 Treasure Coast hurricane | September 6, 1933 | 1 | South Carolina | [2] | |
1933 Cuba–Bahamas hurricane | October 4, 1933 | *2 | Florida | [2] | |
Hurricane Three (1934) | July 24, 1934 | *8 | Texas | [2] | |
1935 Labor Day hurricane | September 4, 1935 | *13 | South Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia, Maryland | [2] | |
1938 Atlantic hurricane season | August 15, 1938 | *1 | Louisiana | [2] | |
1940 South Carolina hurricane | August 10, 1940 | 2 | South Carolina | [2] | |
Tropical Storm Six (1941) | October 20, 1941 | *2 | Florida | [2] | |
1944 Cuba–Florida hurricane | October 18, 1944 | 3 | Florida | [2] | |
1945 Texas hurricane | August 27, 1945 | *2 | Texas | F3 killed one and injured 15 in Houston | [2] |
1945 Homestead hurricane | September 17, 1945 | *1 | South Carolina | [2] | |
Tropical Storm Six (1947) | September 19, 1947 | *1 | Florida | F3 killed two and injured 100 in Apalachicola | [2] |
1947 Cape Sable hurricane | October 11, 1947 | *4 | Florida | [2] | |
Hurricane Five (1948) | September 4, 1948 | 1 | Georgia, Florida | [2] | |
September 1948 Florida hurricane | September 21, 1948 | *1 | Florida | [2] | |
1948 Miami hurricane | October 5, 1948 | *3 | Florida | [2] | |
1949 Florida hurricane | August 28, 1949 | *4 | North Carolina | [2] | |
1949 Texas hurricane | October 3, 1949 | 1 | Texas | - |
Tropical cyclone | Outbreak dates | Tornadoes | Location of tornado(es) | Notes | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hurricane Baker | August 30–31, 1950 | 2 | Texas | [2] [3] | |
Hurricane Able | August 31, 1952 | 3 | Virginia, North Carolina, Maryland | [2] [4] | |
Hurricane Connie | August 10, 1955 | 4 | South Carolina, North Carolina, Delaware | [2] | |
Hurricane Diane | August 19, 1955 | *1 | Pennsylvania | [2] | |
Hurricane Flossy | September 24, 1956 | *5 | Florida, Georgia, South Carolina | [2] | |
Hurricane Audrey | June 27, 1957 | *21 | Mississippi, Alabama, Louisiana, Tennessee | [5] | |
Hurricane Cindy | July 10, 1959 | 11 | North Carolina, Virginia, Maryland, Georgia | [2] | |
Hurricane Debra | July 24, 1959 | 5 | Oklahoma, Texas | [2] | |
Hurricane Gracie | September 29, 1959 | 7 | South Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia, Pennsylvania | [2] | |
Hurricane Judith | October 17, 1959 | 1 | Florida | [2] | |
Hurricane Donna | September 10, 1960 | 5 | Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina | [2] | |
Hurricane Ethel | September 15, 1960 | 6 | Florida, Alabama | [2] | |
Hurricane Carla | September 10, 1961 | 21 | Texas, Louisiana, Georgia, Michigan, Arkansas | F4 killed 8 in Galveston, Texas vicinity; one of only two hurricane-spawned violent tornado | [6] |
Hurricane Cleo | August 27, 1964 | 12 | Florida, South Carolina, North Carolina | [7] | |
Hurricane Dora | September 12, 1964 | 3 | South Carolina, North Carolina | [8] | |
Hurricane Hilda | October 3, 1964 | 12 | Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, North Carolina | F4 killed 22 in Larose, Louisiana vicinity; one of only two hurricane-spawned violent tornado | [9] |
Hurricane Isbell | October 14, 1964 | 9 | Florida | [9] | |
Hurricane Betsy | September 8, 1965 | 7 | Florida, Alabama, Mississippi | [10] | |
Hurricane Alma | June 8, 1966 | 5 | Florida, Mississippi | [2] | |
Hurricane Inez | October 4, 1966 | 2 | Florida | [2] | |
Hurricane Beulah | September 20, 1967 | 115 | Texas, Mexico | Second most tornadoes spawned by a tropical cyclone | [5] |
Hurricane Abby | June 7, 1968 | 4 | North Carolina | [2] | |
Hurricane Gladys | October 17, 1968 | 2 | Florida | [2] | |
Hurricane Camille | August 17, 1969 | 2 | Florida | [2] | |
Hurricane Celia | August 31, 1970 | 9 | Texas | [2] | |
Hurricane Edith | September 16, 1971 | 16 | Louisiana, Alabama, Mississippi | [2] | |
Hurricane Fern | September 10, 1971 | 5 | Texas | [2] | |
Hurricane Agnes | June 18, 1972 | 17 | Florida, Georgia | [2] | |
Hurricane Carmen | September 8, 1974 | 4 | Louisiana | [2] | |
Hurricane Eloise | September 23, 1975 | 5 | Georgia, Florida | [2] | |
Hurricane Babe | September 5, 1977 | 14 | Louisiana, South Carolina, Mississippi, Alabama | [2] | |
Hurricane David | September 3, 1979 | 34 | Florida, Maryland, Virginia, Pennsylvania, Delaware | [5] | |
Hurricane Frederic | September 12, 1979 | 10 | Alabama, Georgia, Florida | [2] | |
Tropical cyclone | Date of (first) tornado | Tornadoes | Area affected | Notes | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hurricane Allen | August 9, 1980 | *29 | Texas | Costliest tropical cyclone–related tornado in history struck Austin, Texas vicinity inflicting $100 million in damages | |
T. D. #2 | June 5, 1981 | 9 | Louisiana, Texas | [11] | |
Hurricane Dennis | August 17, 1981 | 2 | Florida | ||
T. D. #8 | August 31, 1981 | 14 | Texas | [12] | |
Hurricane Alicia | August 17, 1983 | *22 | Texas | ||
Hurricane Diana | September 5, 1984 | 1 | Florida | ||
Hurricane Danny | August 15, 1985 | *39 | Louisiana, Mississippi, Tennessee, Alabama, South Carolina, Georgia | ||
Hurricane Elena | August 31, 1985 | 10 | Florida | ||
Typhoon Tess (Miling) | September 3, 1985 | 1 | Lemery, Batangas, Philippines | [13] | |
Hurricane Gloria | September 27, 1985 | 2 | New Jersey, Massachusetts | ||
Hurricane Juan | October 28, 1985 | 11 | Florida, Alabama, Mississippi | ||
Hurricane Bonnie | June 27, 1986 | 5 | Louisiana | ||
Hurricane Gilbert | September 16, 1988 | *29+ | Texas, Mexico | ||
Typhoon Ruby (Unsang) | October 23, 1988 | 1 | Misamis Oriental, Philippines | [14] | |
Hurricane Chantal | August 1, 1989 | 4 | Texas | ||
Hurricane Hugo | September 22, 1989 | 3 | South Carolina, North Carolina | ||
Hurricane Jerry | October 15, 1989 | 5 | Texas | ||
Hurricane Bob | August 18, 1991 | 5 | North Carolina, New York | ||
Tropical Storm Beryl (1994) | August 16–17, 1994 | 37 | Carolinas, Georgia, Mid Atlantic | ||
Hurricane Georges | September 1998 | 47 | Alabama, Georgia, Florida | ||
Hurricane Floyd | September 16, 1999 | 14+ | North Carolina | [15] | |
Tropical cyclone | Date of (first) tornado | Tornadoes | Area affected | Notes | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hurricane Gordon | September 16, 2000 | 11 | Florida, North Carolina, South Carolina | ||
Tropical Storm Helene | September 22, 2000 | 13 | Florida, Georgia, South Carolina | ||
Hurricane Keith | October 6, 2000 | 1 | Texas | ||
Tropical Storm Allison | June 11, 2001 | 28 | Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, South Carolina, Virginia, Massachusetts, Maine, Texas | ||
Tropical Storm Barry | August 2, 2001 | 5 | Florida, Mississippi, Missouri | ||
Tropical Storm Gabrielle | September 13, 2001 | 18 | Florida | ||
Hurricane Michelle | November 5, 2001 | 5 | Florida | ||
Tropical Storm Fay | September 6, 2002 | 11 | Texas | ||
Hurricane Gustav | September 10, 2002 | 1 | North Carolina | ||
Tropical Storm Hanna | September 14, 2002 | 2 | Alabama, Georgia | ||
Hurricane Isidore | September 25, 2002 | 10 | Alabama, Florida, Louisiana | ||
Hurricane Lili | October 3, 2002 | 26 | Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Kentucky | ||
Hurricane Kyle | October 8, 2002 | 8 | South Carolina, North Carolina | ||
Hurricane Charley | August 13, 2004 | 16 | Florida, North Carolina, Virginia | ||
Hurricane Gaston | August 29, 2004 | 33 | |||
Hurricane Frances | September 4–8, 2004 | 103* | Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia | Third most tornadoes spawned by a tropical cyclone | |
Hurricane Ivan | September 16, 2004 | 120 | United States Gulf Coast and Mid-Atlantic Coast | Most tornadoes spawned by a tropical cyclone worldwide, a record for a tornado outbreak in the month of September. | |
Tropical Storm Arlene | June 11, 2005 | 3 | Florida, Indiana | [1] | |
Hurricane Cindy | July 5, 2005 | 44 | Southeastern United States | ||
Hurricane Dennis | July 10, 2005 | 10 | Florida and Georgia | [16] | |
Hurricane Emily | July 20, 2005 | 11 | Texas | [16] | |
Hurricane Katrina | August 25, 2005 | 59 | United States Gulf Coast | Record tornado outbreak in the month of August. | [1] |
Hurricane Rita | September 24, 2005 | 98 | United States Gulf Coast | [1] [16] | |
Tropical Storm Tammy | October 6, 2005 | 1 | Georgia, United States | [16] | |
Hurricane Wilma | October 24, 2005 | 8 | Florida | [16] | |
Tropical Storm Alberto | June 12, 2006 | 17 | Southeastern United States | [1] | |
Hurricane Ernesto | August 24, 2006 | 5 | Florida and North Carolina, United States | [17] | |
Tropical Storm Barry | June 1–2, 2007 | 4 | Cuba, Florida, United States | [18] [19] | |
Tropical Storm Erin | August 16, 2007 | 7 | Texas, Oklahoma, and Louisiana United States | [18] | |
Hurricane Humberto | September 12, 2007 | 1 | Louisiana, United States | [1] | |
Tropical Depression Ten | September 20, 2007 | 2 | Florida, United States | [18] | |
Tropical Storm Olga | December 16, 2007 | 2 | Florida, United States | [1] [18] | |
Hurricane Dolly | July 23–24, 2008 | 6 | Texas, United States | [1] [20] | |
Tropical Storm Fay | August 18–27, 2008 | 50 | South-eastern United States | [20] | |
Hurricane Gustav | August 31, 2008 | 49 | United States Gulf Coast | [20] | |
Hurricane Hanna | September 6, 2008 | 1 | Pennsylvania and Virginia | [20] | |
Hurricane Ike | September 9, 2008 | 33 | United States Gulf Coast | [1] [20] | |
Tropical Storm Nangka (Feria) | June 24, 2009 | 1 | Samar, Philippines | [21] |
Tropical cyclone | Outbreak dates | Tornadoes | Location of tornado(es) | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|
Hurricane Alex | June 30 – July 2, 2010 | 11 | Texas, United States | [1] [22] |
Tropical Storm Hermine | September 7–9, 2010 | 13 | Southern United States | [1] |
Cyclone Carlos | February 22, 2011 | 4 | Karratha, Australia | [23] |
Tropical Storm Arlene | June 30, 2011 | 1 | Texas, United States | [24] |
Hurricane Irene | August 26, 2011 | 9 | United States East Coast | [1] |
Tropical Storm Lee | September 3–7, 2011 | 46 | Southeastern United States | [25] |
Hurricane Rina | October 29, 2011 | 2 | Florida, United States | [1] |
Tropical Storm Beryl | May 28–30, 2012 | 4 | Southeastern United States | [26] |
Tropical Storm Debby | June 23–27, 2012 | 25 | Florida, United States | [27] |
Hurricane Isaac | August 21 – September 1, 2012 | 32 | Southeastern, Midwestern, and Eastern United States | [28] |
Typhoon Sanba (Karen) | September 18, 2012 | Several | Japan | [29] |
Hurricane Sandy | October 28, 2012 | 1 | Bermuda | [30] |
Cyclone Evan | December 2012 | Several | Samoa | [31] |
Cyclone Oswald | January 17–29, 2013 | Several | Queensland, Australia | [32] |
Tropical Storm Andrea | June 5–7, 2013 | 16 | Cuba, Florida, North Carolina | [33] |
Tropical Storm Bebinca (Fabian) | June 20, 2013 | 2 | Palawan and Occidental Mindoro, Philippines | [34] |
Severe Tropical Storm Rumbia (Gorio) | June 29, 2013 | 1 | Quezon, Philippines | [35] |
Severe Tropical Storm Toraji | September 4, 2013 | 3 | Japan | [36] [37] |
Typhoon Man-yi | September 15–16, 2013 | 10 | Japan | [36] [38] [39] |
Tropical Storm Cindy | June 22, 2017 | 18 | Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Kentucky, West Virginia, Pennsylvania, New Jersey | [40] |
Tropical Storm Emily | July 31, 2017 | 18 | Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Kentucky, West Virginia, Pennsylvania, New Jersey | [41] |
Hurricane Harvey | August 25 – September 1, 2017 | 52 | Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Tennessee | [42] |
Tropical Storm Philippe | October 28–29, 2017 | 2 | Florida | [43] [44] |
Tropical Storm Alberto | May 31, 2018 | 4 | Florida, South Carolina, Ohio | [45] |
Tropical Storm Gordon | September 5–8, 2018 | 7 | Mississippi, Kentucky, Indiana | [46] |
Hurricane Florence | September 13–17, 2018 | 44 | North Carolina, Virginia, South Carolina | [47] |
Typhoon Mangkhut (Ompong) | September 14, 2018 | 1 | Marikina, Metro Manila, Philippines | [48] |
Hurricane Michael | October 10, 2018 | 16 | Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, Virginia | [49] |
Hurricane Dorian | September 5–6, 2019 | 20 | North Carolina, South Carolina | [50] |
Typhoon Hagibis | October 12, 2019 | 1 | Ichihara, Chiba Prefecture, Japan | [51] |
Tropical Storm Nestor | October 19, 2019 | 3 | Florida | [52] |
Tropical cyclones and subtropical cyclones are named by various warning centers to simplify communication between forecasters and the general public regarding forecasts, watches and warnings. The names are intended to reduce confusion in the event of concurrent storms in the same basin. Once storms develop sustained wind speeds of more than 33 knots, names are generally assigned to them from predetermined lists, depending on the basin in which they originate. Some tropical depressions are named in the Western Pacific, while tropical cyclones must contain a significant amount of gale-force winds before they are named in the Southern Hemisphere.
The practice of using names to identify tropical cyclones goes back several centuries, with storms named after places, saints or things they hit before the formal start of naming in each basin. Examples of such names are the 1928 Okeechobee hurricane and the 1938 New England hurricane. The system currently in place provides identification of tropical cyclones in a brief form that is easily understood and recognized by the public. The credit for the first usage of personal names for weather systems is given to the Queensland Government Meteorologist Clement Wragge, who named tropical cyclones and anticyclones between 1887 and 1907. This system of naming fell into disuse for several years after Wragge retired, until it was revived in the latter part of World War II for the Western Pacific. Over the following decades, formal naming schemes were introduced for several tropical cyclone basins, including the North and South Atlantic, Eastern, Central, Western and Southern Pacific basins as well as the Australian region and Indian Ocean.
During 2016, tropical cyclones formed within seven different tropical cyclone basins, located within various parts of the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. During the year, 140 tropical cyclones formed in bodies of water known as tropical cyclone basins. Of these, 84, including two subtropical cyclones in the South Atlantic Ocean and two tropical-like cyclones in the Mediterranean, were named by various weather agencies when they attained maximum sustained winds of 35 knots. The strongest storm of the year was Winston, peaking with a pressure of 884 hPa (26.10 inHg) and with 10-minute sustained winds of 285 km/h (175 mph) before striking Fiji. The costliest and deadliest tropical cyclone in 2016 was Hurricane Matthew, which impacted Haiti, Cuba, Florida, Georgia and the Carolinas, causing US$15.09 billion in damage. Matthew killed 603 people; 546 in Haiti, 47 in United States, 4 in Cuba and Dominican Republic, and 1 in Colombia and St. Vincent.
Tropical cyclones in 2002 were spread out across seven different areas called basins. To date, 123 tropical cyclones formed in 2002. 80 tropical cyclones had been named by either a Regional Specialized Meteorological Center (RSMC) or a Tropical Cyclone Warning Center (TCWC). The strongest system was Cyclone Zoe, with a central pressure of 890 hectopascals (26 inHg). The costliest and deadliest tropical cyclone of the year was Typhoon Rusa, killing 233 in South Korea and causing $4.2 billion in damages. 26 Category 3 tropical cyclones, including eight Category 5 tropical cyclones formed in 2002. The accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) index for the 2002, as calculated by Colorado State University was 812 units.
Throughout 2009, 130 tropical cyclones formed in bodies of water known as tropical cyclone basins. Of these, 81 were named, including a subtropical cyclone in the South Atlantic Ocean, by various weather agencies when they attained maximum sustained winds of 35 knots. The strongest storm of the year was Typhoon Nida in the Western Pacific Ocean. The deadliest and costliest storm of the year was Typhoon Morakot (Kiko), causing 789 fatalities and $6.2 billion worth of damages through its track in the Philippines, Japan, Taiwan, China, and the Korean Peninsula. Throughout the year, twenty-one Category 3 tropical cyclones formed, including five Category 5 tropical cyclones in the year. The accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) index for the 2009, as calculated by Colorado State University was 609.6 units.
During 2003, tropical cyclones formed within seven different tropical cyclone basins, located within various parts of the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. During the year, a total of 129 systems formed with 85 of these developing further and were named by the responsible warning centre. The strongest tropical cyclone of the year was Cyclone Inigo, which was estimated to have a minimum barometric pressure of 900 hPa (26.58 inHg) and was tied with Cyclone Gwenda for being the most intense recorded cyclone in the Australian region in terms of pressure, with the possible exception of Cyclone Mahina. So far, 26 Category 3 tropical cyclones formed, including six Category 5 tropical cyclones formed in 2003, tying 2021. The accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) index for the 2003, as calculated by Colorado State University was 833 units.
During 1999, tropical cyclones formed within seven different bodies of water called basins. To date, 142 tropical cyclones formed in bodies of water known as tropical cyclone basins, of which 72 were given names by various weather agencies. The strongest tropical cyclone of the year was Gwenda, attaining maximum sustained winds of 120 knots and a pressure of 900 hPa (26.58 inHg), later tied with Inigo in 2003. Floyd was the costliest tropical cyclone of the year, with around $6.5 billion worth of damages as it affected the Bahamas, the East Coast of the United States, and the Atlantic Canada. The deadliest cyclone of this year was the 1999 Odisha cyclone, which was blamed for over 9,667 deaths as it devastated India. It was also the strongest Northern Hemisphere cyclone of the year with the pressure of 912 hPa (26.93 inHg) and third most intense tropical cyclone worldwide next to Cyclone Gwenda and Cyclone Vance. Three Category 5 tropical cyclones were formed in 1999. The accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) index for the 1999, as calculated by Colorado State University was 606.4 units.
Throughout 2008, 124 tropical cyclones have formed in bodies of water known as tropical cyclone basins. Of these, 83 have been named, by various weather agencies when they attained maximum sustained winds of 35 knots. The strongest storm of the year was Typhoon Jangmi in the Western Pacific Ocean. The deadliest storm of the year was Cyclone Nargis, which caused devastating and castatrophic destruction in Myanmar with 138,373 fatalities. The costliest storm of the year was Hurricane Ike, which wreaked havoc thorough Cuba and Texas, with $38 billion in damage. Throughout the year, 24 Category 3 tropical cyclones formed, including one Category 5 tropical cyclone in the year. The accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) index for the 2008, as calculated by Colorado State University was 613.9 units.
The following is a list of weather events that occurred on Earth in 2015. There were several natural disasters around the world from various types of weather, including blizzards, cold waves, droughts, heat waves, tornadoes, and tropical cyclones.
The following is a list of weather events that occurred in 2011. The year began with La Niña conditions. There were several natural disasters around the world from various types of weather, including blizzards, cold waves, droughts, heat waves, tornadoes, and tropical cyclones.