Pterin is a heterocyclic compound composed of a pteridine ring system, with a "keto group" and an amino group on positions 4 and 2 respectively. It is structurally related to the parent bicyclic heterocycle called pteridine. Pterins, as a group, are compounds related to pterin with additional substituents. Pterin itself is of no biological significance.
Molybdopterins are a class of cofactors found in most molybdenum-containing and all tungsten-containing enzymes. Synonyms for molybdopterin are: MPT and pyranopterin-dithiolate. The nomenclature for this biomolecule can be confusing: Molybdopterin itself contains no molybdenum; rather, this is the name of the ligand that will bind the active metal. After molybdopterin is eventually complexed with molybdenum, the complete ligand is usually called molybdenum cofactor.
Sulfite oxidase is an enzyme in the mitochondria of all eukaryotes, with exception of the yeasts. It oxidizes sulfite to sulfate and, via cytochrome c, transfers the electrons produced to the electron transport chain, allowing generation of ATP in oxidative phosphorylation. This is the last step in the metabolism of sulfur-containing compounds and the sulfate is excreted.
Tubulin GTPase (EC 3.6.5.6) is an enzyme with systematic name GTP phosphohydrolase (microtubule-releasing). This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
Trimethylamine N-oxide reductase is a microbial enzyme that can reduce trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) into trimethylamine (TMA), as part of the electron transport chain. The enzyme has been purified from E. coli and the photosynthetic bacteria Roseobacter denitrificans.
In enzymology, a serine C-palmitoyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.50) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction:
Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis protein 1 is a protein that in humans and other animals, fungi, and cellular slime molds, is encoded by the MOCS1 gene.
Molybdenum cofactor synthesis protein 2A and molybdenum cofactor synthesis protein 2B are a pair of proteins that in humans are encoded from the same MOCS2 gene. These two proteins dimerize to form molybdopterin synthase.
Adenylyltransferase and sulfurtransferase MOCS3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MOCS3 gene.
Molybdopterin synthase (EC 2.8.1.12, MPT synthase) is an enzyme required to synthesize molybdopterin (MPT) from precursor Z (now known as cyclic pyranopterin monophosphate). Molydopterin is subsequently complexed with molybdenum to form molybdenum cofactor (MoCo). MPT synthase catalyses the following chemical reaction:
Radical SAM is a designation for a superfamily of enzymes that use a [4Fe-4S]+ cluster to reductively cleave S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) to generate a radical, usually a 5′-deoxyadenosyl radical (5'-dAdo), as a critical intermediate. These enzymes utilize this radical intermediate to perform diverse transformations, often to functionalize unactivated C-H bonds. Radical SAM enzymes are involved in cofactor biosynthesis, enzyme activation, peptide modification, post-transcriptional and post-translational modifications, metalloprotein cluster formation, tRNA modification, lipid metabolism, biosynthesis of antibiotics and natural products etc. The vast majority of known radical SAM enzymes belong to the radical SAM superfamily, and have a cysteine-rich motif that matches or resembles CxxxCxxC. rSAMs comprise the largest superfamily of metal-containing enzymes.
D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptose 1-phosphate guanylyltransferase is an enzyme with systematic name GTP:D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptose 1-phosphate guanylyltransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
Molybdopterin adenylyltransferase is an enzyme with systematic name ATP:molybdopterin adenylyltransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
Molybdenum cofactor cytidylyltransferase is an enzyme with systematic name CTP:molybdenum cofactor cytidylyltransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction:
Molybdopterin-synthase adenylyltransferase is an enzyme with systematic name ATP:molybdopterin-synthase adenylyltransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
Molybdenum cofactor sulfurtransferase (EC 2.8.1.9, molybdenum cofactor sulfurase, ABA3, MoCo sulfurase, MoCo sulfurtransferase) is an enzyme with systematic name L-cysteine:molybdenum cofactor sulfurtransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
Molybdopterin synthase sulfurtransferase is an enzyme with systematic name persulfurated L-cysteine desulfurase:(molybdopterin-synthase sulfur-carrier protein)-Gly-Gly sulfurtransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
Molybdopterin molybdotransferase is an enzyme with systematic name adenylyl-molybdopterin:molybdate molybdate transferase (AMP-forming). This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
Cyclic pyranopterin monophosphate synthase is an enzyme with systematic name GTP 8,9-lyase . This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
In enzymology, an aldehyde ferredoxin oxidoreductase (EC 1.2.7.5) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
