Nasalis muscle

Nasalis muscle
The superior transverse part and inferior alar part of the nasalis muscle
Details
Origin	Maxilla
Insertion	Nasal bone
Artery	Superior labial artery
Nerve	Buccal branch of the facial nerve
Actions	Compresses bridge of nose, depresses tip of nose, elevates corners of nostrils
Identifiers
Latin	musculus nasalis
TA98	A04.1.03.009
TA2	2062
FMA	46770
Anatomical terms of muscle [ edit on Wikidata]

The nasalis muscle is a sphincter-like muscle of the nose. It has a transverse part and an alar part. It compresses the nasal cartilages, and can "flare" the nostrils. It can be used to test the facial nerve (VII), which supplies it.

Structure

The nasalis muscle covers the nasal cartilages of the lower surface of the nose. ^[1] It consists of two parts, transverse and alar:

• The transverse part (compressor naris muscle) arises from the maxilla, above and lateral to the incisive fossa. Its fibers proceed upward and medially, expanding into a thin aponeurosis which is continuous on the bridge of the nose with that of the muscle of the opposite side, and with the aponeurosis of the procerus muscle. It compresses the nostrils and may completely close them. ^[2]
• The alar part ( dilator naris muscle ) arises from the maxilla over the lateral incisor and inserts into the greater alar cartilage. Its medial fibres tend to blend with the depressor septi nasi muscle, and has been described as part of that muscle.

Nerve supply

Like all the other muscles of facial expression, the nasalis muscle is supplied by the facial nerve (VII). ^{[3] [4]}

Function

The nasalis muscle compresses the nasal cartilages. It may also "flare" the nostrils. ^[2]

Clinical significance

Cleft lip and cleft palate

The nasalis muscle is one of the key muscles not formed or inserted correctly with cleft lip and cleft palate deformity. ^[5] The head of the transverse part needs to be identified during reconstructive surgery so that it can be surgically sutured (connected) to the nasal septum. ^{[2] [5]} The origin at the maxilla may also be repositioned for better symmetry. ^[2]

Facial nerve testing

Due to it being superficial, the nasalis muscle can be used to test the facial nerve. ^{[4] [6]} Specifically, it can be used to test the zygomatic branches. ^[6]

Additional images

• 
  Muscles of the head, face, and neck. (Nasalis labeled at center left.)
• 
  Position of nasalis muscle (shown in red).

References

1. Menick, Frederick J. (2009). "Small Superficial Defects — Secondary Intention Healing, Primary Repair, a Skin Graft or Local Flap". Nasal Reconstruction. pp. 65–90. doi:10.1016/B978-0-7020-3008-6.50010-7. ISBN   978-0-7020-3008-6. OCLC   460904328.
2. Attia, Sarah A.; Helal, Hesham A.; El Barabary, Amir S.; Awad, Mostafa A.; Sherif, Mahmoud M. (February 2019). "Impact of nasalis muscle repair in unilateral cleft lip patients". Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery. 47 (2): 255–262. doi:10.1016/j.jcms.2018.11.030. PMID   30591393.
3. "Nasalis". www.anatomynext.com. Archived from the original on 2018-03-01. Retrieved 2018-03-01.
4. Sanders, Donald B. (2012). "Electrophysiologic Study of Disorders of Neuromuscular Transmission". Aminoff's Electrodiagnosis in Clinical Neurology. pp. 385–406. doi:10.1016/B978-1-4557-0308-1.00017-0. ISBN   978-1-4557-0308-1. OCLC   793587054.
5. Drake, David; Colbert, Serryth (2017). "Techniques for Cleft Lip Repair". Maxillofacial Surgery. pp. 948–971. doi:10.1016/B978-0-7020-6056-4.00067-8. ISBN   978-0-7020-6056-4. OCLC   968339962.
6. Preston, David C.; Shapiro, Barbara E. (2013). "Facial and Trigeminal Neuropathy". Electromyography and Neuromuscular Disorders. pp. 372–383. doi:10.1016/B978-1-4557-2672-1.00025-8. ISBN   978-1-4557-2672-1. OCLC   821857515.

External links

• Interactive diagram at ivy-rose.co.uk