True Blue (Madonna song)

Last updated
"True Blue"
Madonna - True Blue (single).png
Single by Madonna
from the album True Blue
B-side "Ain't No Big Deal"
ReleasedSeptember 29, 1986
Genre
Length4:19
Label
Songwriter(s)
Producer(s)
  • Madonna
  • Stephen Bray
Madonna singles chronology
"Papa Don't Preach"
(1986)		"True Blue"
(1986)		"Open Your Heart"
(1986)
Music video
"True Blue" on YouTube

"True Blue" is a song by American singer Madonna from her third studio album of the same name (1986). Written and produced by the singer and her collaborator Stephen Bray, in Australia, New Zealand, and most European countries, it was released as the album's third single on September 29, 1986. In the United States, it was published on October 9. A dance-pop song that takes influence from Motown and girl groups from the 1950s and 60s, its lyrics address Madonna's feelings for her then-husband Sean Penn.

Contents

Critical reception towards "True Blue" was generally positive, with praise being given to its retro, girl group influence. It topped the charts in Canada, the United Kingdom and Ireland―where it became Madonna's third and fourth number one hit, respectively. In the United States, it reached the third position of the Billboard Hot 100 and was the singer's tenth consecutive top-ten hit.

Two music videos were shot for the song. James Foley directed the official one that aired internationally, which shows Madonna in a 1950s-inspired blue setting, joined by backup singers. In the US, Sire Records teamed up with MTV for a competition called "Madonna's 'Make my Video' Contest". Fans were called on to make their own video and submit them for the singer's approval. The winning clip was shot in sepia and depicted a teenage romance. "True Blue" was included on Madonna's Who's That Girl (1987) and Rebel Heart (2015―2016) concert tours, and has been covered by a handful of artists, including Darren Hayes.

Background

In early 1985, Madonna began dating actor Sean Penn, whom she met in the set of the music video for her single "Material Girl". [1] They dated casually and married six months later, on her 27th birthday. [2] [3] She also met producer Patrick Leonard while on the Virgin Tour, where he was hired as musical director. [4] Madonna's third studio album, True Blue , was announced in April 1986. [5] It takes its title after a favorite expression of Penn's, which signifies a "very pure vision of love". [6] For the project, she kept Leonard and also enlisted former boyfriend Stephen Bray, with whom she had worked on Like a Virgin (1984), her previous album. [4] [7]

Composed alongside Bray, the title track was described as Madonna's "unabashed valentine" for Penn, and influenced by the "direct antecedents" of her sound: Motown, girl groups from the 1960s such as the Shirelles, and songs like "Chapel of Love" (1964) by the Dixie Cups. [8] [6] [9] Bray recalled that Madonna was "very much in love" when creating the track; "if she's in love she'll write love songs. If she's not in love she definitely won't be writing love songs". [10] While looking back in 2015, the singer revealed that she "didn’t know what I was talking about when I wrote [the song]". [11]

Composition and release

Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg
"True Blue"
27-second audio sample from "True Blue". Rikky Rooksby wrote in The Complete Guide to the Music of Madonna that the song follows the "king of all doo-wop chord sequences": I–vi–IV–V. [12]
Problems playing this file? See media help.

"True Blue" and its parent album were recorded at Los Angeles' Channel Recording studios. [13] Personnel working on the song included Bray on drums and keyboard arrangement, alongside Fred Zarr; Bruce Gaitsch played guitar while background vocals were provided by Siedah Garrett and Edie Lehmann. [14] "True Blue" has been noted a "sweetly bubblegummy mix of '60s girl group sounds and '80s dance pop". [15] In its lyrics, Madonna expresses her love and devotion for Penn. [15] [16] According to the sheet music published by Alfred Publishing Inc., it is set in the time signature of common time, with a moderate tempo of 120 beats per minute. [17] The song is composed in the key of B major, and has a basic sequence of I–vi–IV–V (B–G♯m–E–F♯) as its main chord progression. Madonna's vocal range spans a bit less than one and a half octaves, going from F♯3 to B4. [17]

The "verse-and-chorus" composition is similar to that of "Chapel of Love", with Garrett and Lehman accompanying the singer's convincing "girly" vocals like a choir. [18] It begins with a "pert call to attention", which then goes from "coy rejoinder" to "bossy command". [19] Madonna sings, I’ve had other guys/I've looked into their eyes/But I never knew love before/'Til you walked through my door. [3] In the "cooing" refrain, she sings in Betty Boop-like vocals, True love/You're the one I'm dreaming of/Your heart fits me like a glove/And I'm gonna be true blue/Baby, I love you. [15] [20] [21] The bridge plays twice, and has Madonna singing the line No-oh more sadness/I kiss it goodbye. [22]

"True Blue" began receiving airplay on American radio the week of September 13, 1986, when it was yet to be released as a single. [23] In Australia, New Zealand, and most European countries, it was released as the album's third single on September 29. [24] [25] [26] [27] [28] In the United States, a release was issued on October 9. [29] "True Blue" has not been included in any of Madonna's major compilations, but was part of The Holiday Collection ―a four track EP released exclusively in the United Kingdom in August 1991. [30]

Critical reception

"An ebullient ode to then-boo Sean Penn, ['True Blue'] melds doo-wop harmonies with a quaint '80s beat. By all reasonable measures, it should be disposable pop fluff; but in Madonna's hands, it's an impossibly charming slice of puppy love — albeit a naive one".

— Billboard 's Joe Lynch reviewing "True Blue" on the magazine's list of Madonna's 100 best songs. [11]

Critical feedback towards "True Blue" has been generally positive. J. Randy Taraborrelli, author of Madonna: An Intimate Biography , deemed it a light-hearted, fun track. [31] In the book Rock 'n' Roll Gold Rush, Maury Dean referred to "True Blue" as a "masterwork of simplicity interwoven with secret complexity [...] on one hand, it's just a basic Streetcorner ditty, with four basic chords. In another context, it's a counterpoint harmonic blanket, twirling with star-spangled timbre and dynamic drive". [32] Matthew Rettenmund, author of Encyclopedia Madonnica, hailed it a "sweet tune" that features the singer "at her chirpiest and most flirtatious", and "best illustrates [the album]'s ―and Madonna's― dedication to Penn". [19] AllMusic's Stewart Mason opined the singer's vocals resembled Cyndi Lauper's, albeit "with a slightly less kitschy attitude". [15] From website This is Dig! Mark Elliott referred to "True Blue" as the most "representative" of the parent album's nine songs, and an "irresistibly catchy homage" to the 1950s and 60s. [33]

For Erika Wexler from Spin , it is a "cute retro throwaway" that "exude[s] innocence and harmony. Love is as simple as the lyrics". [34] In this vein, Slant Magazine 's Sal Cinquemani said "True Blue" was an "authentic throwback to the girl-group-era pop". [35] For the Chicago Tribune , Jan DeKnock also praised its girl group influence, and described the song as a "charming [...] perfect end-of-summer confection that will do equally well with pop and adult contemporary listeners". [36] James Croot from New Zealand website Stuff said it was the "crowning glory" of the parent album; "[a] toe-tapping 1950s-inspired ditty [...] pop-song confection perfection. Filled with hooks and eminently sing-a-longable, it can still brighten the mood of even the most trying day". [37] For Los Angeles Times ' Robert Hilburn, "['True Blue'] mixes the innocence of '50s R&B, with the punch of Spector's '60s classics for a contemporary blend of 'In the Still of the Night' and 'Be My Baby'". [38] It was noted a "cross between 'Heaven Must Have Sent You' and 'Chapel of Love'" by Rolling Stone 's Davitt Sigerson, while John Quayle from the Observer–Reporter said it was a "sickenly sweet throwaway". [39] [40]

In more critical reviews, Matthew Jacobs from HuffPost wrote that, "taken as anything other than homage, ['True Blue']'s a silly, meandering tune. But heard as a could-be outtake from the Grease soundtrack, it's a song that's still worthy of singing into your hairbrush in the bathroom mirror". [41] While Gavin Scott, from Australian website Chart Beats, said it was the "cheesiest" single of Madonna's career after "Hanky Panky" (1990), Albumism's Justin Chadwick deemed it one of the parent album's "campy, borderline contrived moments". [22] [42] Even though he named it "dated and simplistic", Terry Hearn from The Metropolist concluded that, "hearing this [song] from the woman who was singing 'Like a Virgin' could be disorienting, but what a feat it is to shock people by being so simple and pure. It represents a clever inversion of what is expected from pop music stars". [43] Rikky Rooksby deemed it "merely cute", as well as a "saccharine uptempo update" of Like a Virgin album track "Shoo-Bee-Doo", but felt it did not live up to being the album's title track. [12] A writer for The Wichita Eagle was not impressed with "True Blue", believing that it came off as "sassless and neutered" when compared to the other songs on the album. [44] Nathan Smith from the Houston Press dismissed "True Blue" as "embarrassingly cute and entirely forgettable. [...] [it] sounds influenced more by the retro cheese of Grease than any genuine human feeling". [45]

"True Blue" is Madonna's 47th best single according to Entertainment Weekly 's Chuck Arnold, who applauded its "bouncy charm". [46] On The Guardian ''s ranking, it came in at number 40; Jude Rogers deemed it a "well-tailored, retro-positioned pop [song] that's aged remarkably well". [47] It was named the singer's 33rd best single by both the staff of Rolling Stone, and Melissa Ruggieri from USA Today . The former said that it "found Madonna sounding blissfully smitten", while according to the latter, "[it] might be the most innocent [she] has ever sounded". [48] [49] Idolator 's Robbie Daw deemed it one of the singer's best songs that "radio forgot". [50]

Chart performance

"True Blue" debuted on the US Billboard Hot 100 at number 40 the week of October 4, 1986. [51] It was one of the year's highest-debuting singles, alongside "Say You, Say Me" and "Dancing on the Ceiling" by Lionel Richie. [52] Almost one month later, it became Madonna's tenth consecutive top-ten single, which tied her with Brenda Lee as the second female in the rock era to score this amount of consecutive top-tens. [53] "True Blue" reached the chart's third spot on November 15, and remained on that position for three consecutive weeks, and a total of 16 weeks on the chart overall. [54] The song performed well on other Billboard charts, reaching the fifth and sixth spots of the Adult Contemporary and Hot Dance Club Songs charts, respectively. [55] [56] By the end of 1986, "True Blue" ranked 76th on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. [57] In October 1998, the single was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) for shipment of 500,000 copies. [58] In Canada,"True Blue" debuted in the 84th position of RPM 's Top Singles chart on the week of September 27, 1986; [59] two months later, it reached the chart's first spot. [60]

In the United Kingdom, "True Blue" debuted at the third position of the singles chart on October 4, 1986. [61] One week later, it reached the top spot and became Madonna's third number one in the country. [61] [62] "True Blue" was certified gold by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI) on October 10, 1986, and has sold over 557,000 copies as of March 2015. [63] [64] The single also saw success in Ireland, where it was Madonna's fourth number one hit. [65] In Australia, the song reached the chart's top-five and was given a platinum certification by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) for the shipment of 70,000 copies. [24] [66] Similarly, in New Zealand, "True Blue" peaked within the chart's first three spots. [26] The single was successful across Europe, reaching the top-five of most countries, and coming at number one on the European Hot 100 Singles chart. [67] It had a moderate reception in Sweden, where it barely cracked the top 20. [28]

Music videos

Official

Screenshot of the official "True Blue" video, showing Madonna driving a Thunderbird convertible with her girlfriends in the back. Truebluem.jpeg
Screenshot of the official "True Blue" video, showing Madonna driving a Thunderbird convertible with her girlfriends in the back.

The official music video for "True Blue" was directed by James Foley, with whom Madonna had worked on "Live to Tell" and "Papa Don't Preach", and aired outside of the United States. [19] [68] Crew included Robert Colesberry and David Massar in production, while Michael Ballhaus was in charge of cinematography. [69] For the visual, Madonna adopted a new leaner look; she hired a personal trainer to assist her in a "relentless exercise program". [7] The video shows her on an all-blue set, which includes a 1950s-style diner and a white Thunderbird convertible. [68] She dons a Marlene Stewart-created ensemble consisting of black ankle-length tights and blue poodle skirt. [70] [68] Stylist Victor Vídal came up with the Elvis Presley-like hairdo the singer wears on the video; "I told her about this vision I had of her. I wanted to bleach her hair almost white and cut it short. She thought for a moment, said yes, picked up a magazine and never looked up until I was finished", Vídal recalled. [19] [68] [71] Actress Debi Mazar and dancer Erika Belle appear as the singer's girlfriends. [69] [72] In one scene, Madonna sits on the Thunderbird and "campily" pretends to drive it, while Mazar and Belle dance behind her. [19]

In the UK, "True Blue" premiered on October 2, 1986 on television program Top of the Pops . [73] Nine days later, it aired on the rest of Europe. [74] Upon release, the staff of British magazine Record Mirror compared the video's aesthetic to that of American television series Happy Days , and said it was as "cute as a choc bar commercial". [75] Mark Elliott noted that, following the controversy "Papa Don't Preach" and its video had caused, "True Blue" was "nothing [that would] worry the parents, which was probably something of a relief to record company executives". [33] Matthew Rettenmund gave a mixed review of the visual; he deemed it cute but pointed out the singer looked "bothered at having to do it". [19] It is one of Madonna's most underrated music videos according to VH1's Christopher Rosa. [76] Louis Virtel from The Backlot ranked it as the singer's 46th greatest video. [77] By contrast, Vulture 's Justin Ravitz named it one of her five worst. [78] "True Blue" can be found on Madonna's 2009 video compilation Celebration: The Video Collection . [79]

MTV's "Make my Video" contest

In the US, Sire Records teamed up with MTV for a competition called "Madonna's 'Make my Video' Contest". [68] [80] Fans were called on to make and submit their own video for "True Blue, and the winner would be awarded a trip to MTV's New York studios, and granted a check for $25,000 by Madonna herself. [81] [82] Over 3,000 entries were sent, ranging from "semi-professional film-school projects to amusingly amateurish camcorder clips", as noted by Yahoo!'s Lyndsay Parker. [82] In Gender Politics and MTV: Voicing the Difference, author Lisa A. Lewis wrote that although many featured Madonna wannabes and a wide range of concepts, they all focused on the song's theme of true love. [81] There were some, however, that dealt with other themes such as power: One had schoolgirls owerpowering and tying up a teacher who spoke ill of Madonna; in another, an American girl and a Russian boy grow up to become president of the United States and of the USSR, respectively. [83] MTV dedicated an entire day to air the entries ―October 30, 1986, nicknamed "Blue Thursday". [82] The three finalists all incorporated a "nostalgic" 1950s-style production design in a nod to the song and its themes. [81]

The contest was won by Venezuela-born, Miami-based college student Angel Gracia, and fellow filmmaker Cliff Guest. [82] They allegedly spent under $1,000 to make their video, which told the sepia-toned story of a teenage romance. [80] [82] Gracia recalled that at the time, he wasn’t a fan of the singer's and thus "felt bad" for winning. [82] Aired as the official "True Blue" video in the United States, Gracia and Guest's entry spent weeks in high rotation on the network's Dial MTV countdown program. [82] Additionally, they signed a one-year contract as in-house video directors for Geffen Records. [84] Lewis went on to say that the contest emphasized the effect Madonna had on different kind of audiences due to its popularity. [81]

Live performances and covers

Madonna singing an acoustic version of "True Blue" with the ukelele on 2015--2016's Rebel Heart Tour. Taipei madonna concert-61 (26431030472) (cropped).jpg
Madonna singing an acoustic version of "True Blue" with the ukelele on 2015―2016's Rebel Heart Tour.

"True Blue" has been featured on two of Madonna's concert tours: Who's That Girl (1987) and Rebel Heart (2015―2016). On the first one, it was sung with Madonna decked out in a blue 1950s dress. [85] She was joined by her backup singers and, towards the end, was asked to dance by a male dancer. [86] Jeffrey Hornaday, known for his work on Flashdance (1983), choreographed the number. [87] Robert Hilburn highlighted the innocence displayed by Madonna on the performance. [85] Two different performances can be found on the videos Who's That Girl: Live in Japan, filmed in Tokyo, Japan, on June 22, and Ciao Italia: Live from Italy , filmed in Turin, Italy, on September 4. [88] [89]

On the Rebel Heart Tour, the song was re-worked in an acoustic doo-wop style, with Madonna playing the ukelele from atop a tire stack. [90] [91] The stage resembled a gas station, while the backdrop screen displayed a crescent moon. [92] To Michael Lallo from The Sydney Morning Herald , it was, "perhaps the most joyous moment of the evening". [93] The performance of the song at the March 19–20, 2016 shows in Sydney's Allphones Arena was recorded and released on the artist's fifth live album, Rebel Heart Tour (2017). [94]

A handful of artists have recorded covers of "True Blue". In 1994, the Gary Tesca Orchestra covered the song for Greatest Hits from the Superstars! (Who's That Girl). [95] Four years later, a rendition by the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra was included on Material Girl: RPO Plays Music of Madonna. [96] The Starsound Orchestra recorded "True Blue" for the 2001 album Plays the Hits Made Famous by Madonna. [97] In 2011, Independent record label Paper Bag Records released a track-by-track cover of True Blue, where the title track was performed by Canadian indie rock band Winter Gloves, and singer Hannah Georgas. [98] This rendition was critically appreciated, with Stereogum 's Scott Lapatine placing it at number 16 of his ranking of "The 20 Best Indie Rock Madonna Covers". [99] Australian singers James Blundell and Tania Kernaghan recorded "True Blue" for the former's twelfth studio album Campfire (2017). [100] Finally, in 2023, Australian singer Darren Hayes did a mashup of "True Blue" and Savage Garden's "I Knew I Loved You" (1999) on his Do You Remember? Tour. [101]

Track listings and formats

Credits and personnel

Credits and personnel are adapted from the True Blue album liner notes. [14]

Charts

Certifications and sales

RegionCertification Certified units/sales
Australia (ARIA) [66] Platinum70,000^
France (SNEP) [131] Silver300,000 [125]
Japan (Oricon Charts)—5,170 [132]
United Kingdom (BPI) [63] Silver557,000 [64]
United States (RIAA) [58] Gold500,000^

^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.

See also

Related Research Articles

<i>Like a Virgin</i> (album) 1984 studio album by Madonna

Like a Virgin is the second studio album by American singer Madonna, released on November 12, 1984, by Sire Records. Following the success of her 1983 eponymous debut album, Madonna was eager to start working on its follow-up. She selected Nile Rodgers to produce the album due to his work on Let's Dance (1983) by David Bowie, which she was a fan of. To ensure it be exactly as she envisaged it, Madonna chose all the songs for the album: she penned five of her own, four of which were co-written with former boyfriend and collaborator Stephen Bray, and four were written by other artists. Recording sessions took place at Power Station studio in New York City. Rodgers enlisted the help of his former Chic bandmates Bernard Edwards and Tony Thompson.

<i>Whos That Girl</i> (soundtrack) 1987 soundtrack album by Madonna / various artists

Who's That Girl is the first soundtrack album by American singer and songwriter Madonna. It was released on July 21, 1987, by Sire Records to promote the film of the same name. It also contains songs by her label mates Scritti Politti, Duncan Faure, Club Nouveau, Coati Mundi and Michael Davidson. The soundtrack is credited as a Madonna album, despite her only performing four of the nine tracks on the album. After the commercial success of the film Desperately Seeking Susan (1985), in which she co-starred, Madonna wanted to act in another comedy film titled Slammer, about a woman named Nikki Finn who was falsely accused of homicide. However, due to the critical and commercial failure of her adventure film Shanghai Surprise (1986), Warner Bros. was initially reluctant to greenlight the project but later agreed.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Who's That Girl (Madonna song)</span> 1987 single by Madonna

"Who's That Girl" is a song by American singer Madonna from the soundtrack of the 1987 film of the same name. Written and produced by Madonna and Patrick Leonard, it was released in Europe as the soundtrack's lead single on June 29, 1987 and in the United States on 30 June 1987. An uptempo pop song, "Who's That Girl" continued the singer's fascination with Latin pop, a genre she had previously explored on her single "La Isla Bonita". It features instrumentation from drums, bass, and trumpets, and has lyrics sung both in English and Spanish. While shooting for the film, then called Slammer, Madonna had requested Leonard to develop a song that captured the nature of her character; the producer worked on a demo and, afterwards, Madonna added the lyrics and decided to rename the song, as well as the film, to "Who's That Girl".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Papa Don't Preach</span> 1986 single by Madonna

"Papa Don't Preach" is a song by American singer Madonna from her third studio album, True Blue (1986). Written by Brian Elliot, it was produced by the singer and her collaborator Stephen Bray. In the United States, the song was released as the album's second single on June 11, 1986, whereas in most European countries, the release was five days later. A dance-pop track with that mixes elements of baroque, post-disco and classical music, its lyrics deal with teenage pregnancy. Elliot wrote it inspired by teen gossip he'd hear outside his recording studio. Originally intended for a singer named Christina Dent, Warner Bros. Records A&R executive Michael Ostin convinced Elliot he let Madonna record it instead. The singer then added and altered a few of the lyrics, and got a songwriting credit.

<i>True Blue</i> (Madonna album) 1986 studio album by Madonna

True Blue is the third studio album by American singer-songwriter Madonna, released on June 30, 1986, by Sire Records. In early 1985, Madonna became romantically involved with actor Sean Penn, and married him six months later on her 27th birthday. Additionally, she met producer Patrick Leonard while on the Virgin Tour, and formed a professional relationship with him. The first songs they created together were "Love Makes the World Go Round", and the ballad "Live to Tell", which was featured on At Close Range, a film in which Penn starred. In late 1985, Madonna and Leonard began working on her third studio album; she also enlisted the help of former boyfriend Stephen Bray, with whom she had worked on her previous record Like a Virgin (1984). Titled True Blue, the record saw Madonna co-writing and co-producing for the first time in her career. Inspired by Madonna's love for Penn, to whom she dedicated it, True Blue is a dance-pop album that features influences of Motown sound, girl groups, and Latin pop.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dress You Up</span> 1985 single by Madonna

"Dress You Up" is a song by American singer Madonna from her second studio album, Like a Virgin (1984). It was released as the album's final single on July 24, 1985, by Sire Records. Composed by Andrea LaRusso with lyrics by Peggy Stanziale, and produced by Nile Rodgers, who also played guitar on the track, it was the final song to be added to the album. Rodgers had asked the writers to compose something similar to the work of his band Chic but, due to LaRusso and Stanziale being busy with other projects, the composition took time. When the lyrics were submitted, the producer initially rejected them, as he felt there was no time to compose a melody; Madonna, however, liked the lyrics and convinced him to include the song on Like a Virgin. Musically, "Dress You Up" is a dance-pop song whose lyrics are an extended metaphor for fashion and lust, comparing dressing up with passion.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Causing a Commotion</span> 1987 single by Madonna

"Causing a Commotion" is a song by American singer Madonna from the soundtrack album to the 1987 film Who's That Girl. It was released as the album's second single on August 25, 1987, by Sire Records. Its Silver Screen Single Mix later appeared on the EP The Holiday Collection (1991). Written and produced by Madonna and Stephen Bray, the song was inspired by her relationship with then-husband Sean Penn, and his abusive and violent nature. Containing a dance-oriented, up-tempo groove, the song begins with the chorus and is accompanied by a four-note descending bassline and staccato chords in the verses.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lucky Star (Madonna song)</span> 1983 single by Madonna

"Lucky Star" is a song by American singer Madonna from her self-titled debut studio album (1983). Produced by Reggie Lucas, it was written by Madonna with the intention that her friend Mark Kamins would play it in his sets at Danceteria, where he was the resident DJ. In 1982, Madonna was signed on by Sire Records for the release of two 12" singles; after the success of first single "Everybody", the label approved the recording of an album, and the singer decided to work with Lucas. However, problems between Madonna and the producer arose and he ended up leaving the project; she then called John "Jellybean" Benitez, her boyfriend at the time, to work on the remaining songs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Borderline (Madonna song)</span> 1984 single by Madonna

"Borderline" is a song by American singer Madonna from her debut self-titled studio album (1983), written and produced by Reggie Lucas. In 1982, Madonna was signed on by Sire Records for the release of two 12-inch singles; after the success of first single "Everybody", the label approved the recording of an album, and the singer decided to work with Lucas. "Borderline" is a pop song with post-disco elements whose sounds recall the music of the 1970s, while the lyrics find a woman complaining of her lover's chauvinism.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Holiday (Madonna song)</span> 1983 single by Madonna

"Holiday" is a song by American singer Madonna from her self-titled debut album (1983). It was written by Curtis Hudson and Lisa Stevens-Crowder for their own musical act Pure Energy, and produced by John "Jellybean" Benitez. Hudson came up with the lyrics of the song while watching negative news on television, and together with Stevens-Crowder worked on the music. They recorded a demo, which was turned down by their label Prism Records. Afterwards, Benitez pitched the track and offered it to several artists, including former the Supremes singer Mary Wilson, but it was rejected. Around the same time, Benitez was working with Madonna on her album; after realizing they needed a song for the project, Benitez thought of "Holiday" and approached Hudson and Stevens-Crowder.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Crazy for You (Madonna song)</span> 1985 single by Madonna

"Crazy for You" is a song recorded by American singer Madonna for the film Vision Quest (1985), written by John Bettis and Jon Lind, and produced by John "Jellybean" Benitez. Released on March 2, 1985 through Geffen Records, it is a pop ballad with torch influences, and lyrics that talk about sexual attraction and desire. Jon Peters and Peter Guber produced Vision Quest, while Joel Sill, Warner Bros. Pictures music vice president, and music director Phil Ramone were in charge of putting together its soundtrack. Sill got in touch with Bettis and Lind, and asked them to write a new song for the film. The duo came up with "Crazy for You" after reading the script, and decided to use it in a scene in which the main characters – Matthew Modine and Linda Fiorentino – dance together for the first time.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Angel (Madonna song)</span> 1985 single by Madonna

"Angel" is a song by American singer Madonna from her second studio album Like a Virgin (1984). It was released on April 10, 1985, by Sire Records as the album's third single. Written by Madonna and Steve Bray, it was one of the first songs developed for the project and, according to Madonna, was inspired by a girl who is saved by an angel, and she falls in love with him. "Angel" was released as a 12-inch single with "Into the Groove" in some countries and charted likewise. A music video was not filmed for "Angel", and instead, a promotional clip comprising segments of her previous videos was released in the United Kingdom.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Into the Groove</span> 1985 single by Madonna

"Into the Groove" is a song recorded by American singer Madonna, and featured on the 1985 film Desperately Seeking Susan. Written and produced by both Madonna and Stephen Bray, the main inspiration behind the song was the dance floor; the singer wrote it while watching a Latin American man to whom she was attracted. Its instrumentation features synthesizers and drum machines, with Madonna's voice being double tracked on the chorus. Sexual innuendos and undertones are present throughout the lyrics, which are written as an invitation to dance with the singer. Originally written for her friend Mark Kamins, Madonna later decided to use it on the film, as one of the scenes needed a dance song. It was later added to the 1985 international re-issue of her second studio album, Like a Virgin (1984), and in her compilations You Can Dance (1987), The Immaculate Collection (1990), Celebration (2009), and Finally Enough Love: 50 Number Ones (2022).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Live to Tell</span> 1986 single by Madonna

"Live to Tell" is a song by American singer Madonna included on her third studio album True Blue (1986), and in the 1986 film At Close Range. A pop ballad with torch influences, its lyrics talk about deceit, mistrust and childhood scars. Originally conceived as an instrumental by producer Patrick Leonard for the score of Paramount's film Fire with Fire (1986), it was rejected by the studio, who deemed it unfit for the movie. Leonard then presented the track to Madonna, who decided to use it for At Close Range, which stars her then-husband Sean Penn. She wrote the lyrics, came up with a bridge and a few melodies of her own, and co-produced the track alongside Leonard.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Open Your Heart (Madonna song)</span> 1986 single by Madonna

"Open Your Heart" is a song recorded by American singer Madonna from her third studio album True Blue (1986). Written by Gardner Cole and Peter Rafelson, it was conceived as a rock and roll song titled "Follow Your Heart" for singer Cyndi Lauper, although it was never played for her. At the time, Cole's management was working with Madonna's, who were looking for material for True Blue. "Follow Your Heart" was among the songs offered to the singer. She liked it and, alongside producer Patrick Leonard, turned it into a dance song, changed its title and re-wrote some of the lyrics, thus receiving a songwriting credit.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">La Isla Bonita</span> 1987 single by Madonna

"La Isla Bonita" is a song by American singer Madonna from her third studio album True Blue (1986). Patrick Leonard and Bruce Gaitsch created it as an instrumental demo and offered it to singer Michael Jackson, who turned it down. When Leonard met Madonna to start working on True Blue, he played the demo for her. Madonna came up with the title, wrote the lyrics and produced the song with Leonard. It is her first song with Latin influences. Its instrumentation features flamenco guitar, Latin percussion, maracas, and includes four lines sung in Spanish. The lyrics talk of an island named San Pedro, whose location has been debated. Madonna said the song was her tribute to Latin Americans.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Like a Prayer (song)</span> 1989 single by Madonna

"Like a Prayer" is a song by American singer Madonna from her 1989 fourth studio album of the same name. It was released as the album's lead single on March 3, 1989, by Sire Records. Written and produced by both Madonna and Patrick Leonard, the song heralded an artistic and personal approach to songwriting for Madonna, who believed that she needed to cater more to her adult audience.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rescue Me (Madonna song)</span> 1991 single by Madonna

"Rescue Me" is a song by American singer Madonna from her first greatest hits album, The Immaculate Collection (1990). Written and produced by Madonna and Shep Pettibone, the song was released as the second single from The Immaculate Collection on February 26, 1991, in the United States, and as the third single on April 7 in the United Kingdom. A dance-pop and gospel-house track, the song is accompanied by the sound of thunder and rain, with the lyrics talking of romantic love rescuing the singer.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cherish (Madonna song)</span> 1989 single by Madonna

"Cherish" is a song by American singer Madonna from her fourth studio album, Like a Prayer (1989). It was written and produced by Madonna and Patrick Leonard, and was released by Sire Records as the album's third single on August 1, 1989. "Cherish" was built around the themes of love and relationships, with William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet being one of the major inspirations. The track also included a line from "Cherish" by the 1960s band the Association. Musically constructed as a doo-wop-style pop song, it is regarded as a light-hearted track by critics and includes instruments such as a drum machine, percussions, keyboards and a saxophone. Lyrically, it speaks of Madonna's devotion to her lover, and her promise to be always by his side. "Cherish" was included on Madonna's greatest hits compilations The Immaculate Collection (1990) and Celebration (2009).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Baby Love (Regina song)</span> 1986 single by Regina

"Baby Love" is a song by American singer Regina. The single hit number one on the dance charts for two weeks in mid-1986. The single crossed over to the pop singles chart, where it peaked at number 10 on US Billboard Hot 100 and at number 30 on the Billboard Soul Singles chart. "Baby Love" would be her only single to chart on both the Pop and Soul Singles charts, but several follow up singles charted on the dance chart.

References

  1. ↑ Sager, Jessica (March 14, 2023). "Madonna's dating history: From Sean Penn to Guy Ritchie". People . Archived from the original on March 15, 2023. Retrieved June 20, 2024.
  2. ↑ Wallace, Carol (July 8, 1985). "Desperately seeking matrimony". People. Archived from the original on January 23, 2023. Retrieved June 20, 2024.
  3. 1 2 Hall, James (July 2, 2021). "Madonna, Sean Penn, and the toxic, tempestuous marriage that inspired True Blue". The Daily Telegraph . Archived from the original on July 2, 2021. Retrieved June 20, 2024.(subscription required)
  4. 1 2 Roberts, Dave (February 3, 2022). "'People have asked, can you write a hit? Answer: No. I mean obviously I can, but not because I've tried to'". Music Business Worldwide . Archived from the original on February 3, 2022. Retrieved June 20, 2024.
  5. ↑ Gett, Steve (May 31, 1986). "LeBon docks, Duran Duran rocks; Tina, Phil head royal superjam" (PDF). Billboard . Vol. 99, no. 22. p. 20. ISSN   0006-2510 . Retrieved June 20, 2024.
  6. 1 2 Holden, Stephen (July 10, 1986). "Madonna cleans up her act but her music remains 'true blue' to controversy". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on October 8, 2018. Retrieved June 20, 2024.(subscription required)
  7. 1 2 Taraborrelli 2002 , pp. 117–119
  8. ↑ Morton 2002 , p. 147
  9. ↑ Gabriel 2023 , p. 228
  10. ↑ St. Michael 2004 , p. 43
  11. 1 2 "The 100 greatest Madonna songs: Critics' picks". Billboard. August 15, 2018. Archived from the original on November 19, 2021. Retrieved June 18, 2024.
  12. 1 2 Rooksby 2004 , p. 24
  13. ↑ McKeen 2000 , p. 233
  14. 1 2 Madonna (1986). True Blue (LP, Vinyl, CD). Sire Records. 925442-2.
  15. 1 2 3 4 Mason, Stewart. "Madonna > "True Blue" > Overview". AllMusic. Archived from the original on November 25, 2012. Retrieved June 18, 2024.
  16. ↑ Missim, Nayer (August 15, 2018). "Madonna at 60: Queen of Pop's 60 best singles ranked". PinkNews . Archived from the original on August 16, 2018. Retrieved June 20, 2024.
  17. 1 2 Ciccone, Madonna (13 November 2007). "True Blue: Digital Sheet Music". Alfred Publishing. Archived from the original on May 30, 2008. Retrieved June 20, 2024.
  18. ↑ O'Brien 2008 , pp. 101–104
  19. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Rettenmund 1995 , pp. 175–176
  20. ↑ Sexton 1993 , p. 108
  21. ↑ Campbell, Chuck (July 4, 1986). "Madonna ready to reign again". Daytona Beach Morning Journal . p. 71. Retrieved July 2, 2024.
  22. 1 2 Scott, Gavin (November 13, 2020). "The best of: Madonna". Australian Chart Beats. Archived from the original on November 13, 2020. Retrieved July 2, 2024.
  23. ↑ "Out of the Box" (PDF). Billboard. Vol. 98, no. 37. September 13, 1986. p. 10. ISSN   0006-2510 . Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  24. 1 2 3 Kent, David (1993). Australian Chart Book 1970–1992 . Australian Chart Book, St Ives, N.S.W. ISBN   0-646-11917-6.
  25. 1 2 "Madonna – True Blue" (in German). Ö3 Austria Top 40. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  26. 1 2 3 "Madonna – True Blue". Top 40 Singles. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  27. 1 2 "Madonna – True Blue" (in French). Les classement single. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  28. 1 2 3 "Madonna – True Blue". Singles Top 100. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  29. ↑ "Madonna.com > Discography > True Blue". Icon: Official Madonna website. Archived from the original on January 2, 2010. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  30. 1 2 Madonna (1991). The Holiday Collection (UK EP single liner notes). Sire Records. W0037 CD/9362-40099-2.
  31. ↑ Taraborrelli 2002 , p. 53
  32. ↑ Dean 2003 , p. 523
  33. 1 2 Elliott, Mark (September 17, 2022). "True Blue: The story behind Madonna's insightful hit song". This is Dig!. Archived from the original on September 21, 2022. Retrieved June 20, 2024.
  34. ↑ Waxler, Erika (October 1986). "Madonna – True Blue". Spin . 2 (7): 37. ISSN   0886-3032. Archived from the original on June 5, 2022. Retrieved June 18, 2024.
  35. ↑ Cinquemani, Sal (March 9, 2003). "Review: Madonna, True Blue". Slant Magazine . Archived from the original on February 4, 2019. Retrieved June 18, 2024.
  36. ↑ DeKnock, Jan (August 29, 1986). "'Higher Love' takes Briton Steve Wiwood to a new plateau on charts". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on July 29, 2014. Retrieved June 18, 2024.
  37. ↑ Croot, James (April 27, 2018). "In defence of: Madonna's True Blue". Stuff. Archived from the original on May 19, 2018. Retrieved June 18, 2024.
  38. ↑ Hilburn, Robert (July 6, 1986). "Madonna is nobody's toy". Los Angeles Times . Archived from the original on June 18, 2012. Retrieved June 18, 2024.(subscription required)
  39. ↑ Sigerson, Davitt (17 July 1986). "Home > Music > Album reviews > True Blue". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on 16 August 2018. Retrieved June 18, 2024.(subscription required)
  40. ↑ Quayle, John (August 22, 1986). "Madonna's new album is a winner; guitarist Buchanan still the best". Observer-Reporter . p. C-3. Retrieved December 29, 2023.
  41. ↑ Jacobs, Matthew (March 10, 2015). "The definitive ranking of Madonna singles". HuffPost . Archived from the original on April 6, 2019. Retrieved June 18, 2024.
  42. ↑ Chadwick, Justin (June 26, 2021). "Madonna's True Blue turns 35: Anniversary Retrospective". Albumism. Archived from the original on June 26, 2021. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  43. ↑ Hearn, Terry (May 5, 2015). "Rediscovering... Madonna - True Blue". The Metropolist. Archived from the original on August 9, 2022. Retrieved June 18, 2024.
  44. ↑ "Madonna's True Blue leaves bad after-taste". The Wichita Eagle . November 23, 1986. Archived from the original on October 18, 2012. Retrieved June 18, 2024.(subscription required)
  45. ↑ Smith, Nathan (February 1, 2012). "Causing a Commotion: The Madonna Super Bowl set list we'd like to see". Houston Press . Archived from the original on June 28, 2024. Retrieved July 2, 2024.
  46. ↑ Arnold, Chuck (August 15, 2018). "Madonna's 60 best singles, ranked". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on August 15, 2018. Retrieved June 18, 2024.
  47. ↑ Jude, Rogers (August 16, 2018). "Every one of Madonna's 78 singles – ranked!". The Guardian . Archived from the original on August 16, 2018. Retrieved June 18, 2024.
  48. ↑ "Madonna's 50 greatest songs - 33. 'True Blue' (from True Blue, 1986)". Rolling Stone. July 27, 2016. Archived from the original on May 14, 2019. Retrieved June 18, 2024.
  49. ↑ Ruggieri, Melissa (August 16, 2023). "Madonna turns 65, so naturally we rank her 65 best songs". USA Today . Archived from the original on August 16, 2023. Retrieved June 20, 2024.
  50. ↑ Daw, Robbie (January 25, 2012). "Madonna's 10 best songs that radio forgot". Idolator . Archived from the original on April 26, 2023. Retrieved January 28, 2022.
  51. ↑ "The Hot 100: Week of October 4, 1986". Billboard. October 4, 1986. Archived from the original on April 11, 2015. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  52. ↑ Grein, Paul (October 4, 1986). "Chart Beat" (PDF). Billboard. Vol. 98, no. 40. p. 6. ISSN   0006-2510 . Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  53. ↑ Grein, Paul (November 1, 1986). "Chart Beat" (PDF). Billboard. Vol. 98, no. 44. p. 6. ISSN   0006-2510 . Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  54. 1 2 "Madonna Chart History (Hot 100)". Billboard. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  55. 1 2 "Madonna Chart History (Adult Contemporary)". Billboard. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  56. 1 2 "Madonna Chart History (Dance Club Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  57. 1 2 "1986: The year in music and video - Top Pop Singles" (PDF). Billboard. Vol. 98, no. 52. December 27, 1986. p. Y-21. ISSN   0006-2510 . Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  58. 1 2 "American single certifications – Madonna – True Blue". Recording Industry Association of America . Retrieved December 14, 2014.
  59. ↑ "RPM Top Singles - September 27 1986". RPM . Library and Archives Canada. September 27, 1986. Archived from the original on August 2, 2017. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  60. 1 2 "Top RPM Singles: Issue 0859." RPM . Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  61. 1 2 3 "Madonna: Artist Chart History". Official Charts Company. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  62. ↑ Griffiths, George (August 16, 2023). "65 incredible Madonna chart facts, feats and trivia". Official Charts Company. Archived from the original on August 16, 2023. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  63. 1 2 "British single certifications – Madonna – True Blue". British Phonographic Industry . Retrieved December 14, 2014.
  64. 1 2 Myers, Justin (March 7, 2015). "Madonna's Official Top 40 Biggest Selling Singles". Official Charts Company. Archived from the original on March 8, 2015. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  65. 1 2 "The Irish Charts – Search Results – True Blue". Irish Singles Chart. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  66. 1 2 "ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 2001 Singles" (PDF). Australian Recording Industry Association . Retrieved December 14, 2014.
  67. 1 2 3 "Top 3 in Europe / European Hot 100 Singles" (PDF). Music & Media . 3 (43): 6 and 12. November 1, 1986. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  68. 1 2 3 4 5 Bego 2000 , p. 186
  69. 1 2 Clerk 2002 , p. 49
  70. ↑ "Marlene Stewart: Costume Designer - Music Videos". Official Marlene Stewart Website. Archived from the original on September 1, 2017. Retrieved June 20, 2024.
  71. ↑ Foley, Barbara (March 2, 1990). "Thoroughly Modern Madonna - Fashion: The world's most famous chameleon is about to slip into three new looks for the '90s. Copycats take note". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on April 20, 2019. Retrieved July 2, 2024.(subscription required)
  72. ↑ Huff, Lauren (November 27, 2023). "Debi Mazar says 'it was like old times' joining longtime pal Madonna on stage at Italy concert". Entertainment Weekly . Archived from the original on November 28, 2023. Retrieved June 20, 2024.
  73. ↑ "TV Pop Diaries: Pop Music on British Television 1955 - 1999". TV Pop Diaries. Archived from the original on February 7, 2013. Retrieved July 2, 2024.
  74. ↑ "TV & Video: Iggy's frolics" (PDF). Music & Media. 3 (40): 5. October 11, 1986. Retrieved July 2, 2024.
  75. ↑ "Madonna" (PDF). Record Mirror : 4. October 11, 1986. Retrieved July 2, 2024.
  76. ↑ Rosa, Christopher (August 16, 2016). "Madonna's 10 most underrated music videos". VH1. Archived from the original on August 3, 2022. Retrieved June 20, 2024.
  77. ↑ Virtel, Louis (August 8, 2013). "Madonna's 55 best videos, in honor of her 55th birthday". The Backlot. Archived from the original on March 9, 2016. Retrieved June 20, 2024.
  78. ↑ Ravitz, Justin (May 22, 2008). "Madonna's five worst videos of all time". Vulture . Archived from the original on November 15, 2012. Retrieved June 20, 2024.
  79. ↑ "'Celebration' – Track listing for CD & DVD announced". Icon: Official Madonna website. August 25, 2009. Archived from the original on January 2, 2010. Retrieved June 20, 2024.
  80. 1 2 "Flashback: Madonna awards winners of fan-made video 'True Blue'". Rolling Stone. June 30, 2016. Archived from the original on July 5, 2018. Retrieved June 20, 2024.(subscription required)
  81. 1 2 3 4 Lewis 1991 , p. 206
  82. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Parker, Lyndsey (October 26, 2016). "Madonna's 'Make My Video' MTV contest winner, 30 years later: Angel Gracia still feels 'True Blue'". Yahoo!. Archived from the original on June 12, 2019. Retrieved June 20, 2024.
  83. ↑ Sexton 1993 , pp. 63–64
  84. ↑ Goldstein, Patrick (February 22, 1987). "Geffen Records takes its videos in-house". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on August 25, 2019. Retrieved June 20, 2024.(subscription required)
  85. 1 2 Hilburn, Robert (June 29, 1987). "Tour Opens: It's true, Madonna is really good". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on May 14, 2014. Retrieved June 18, 2024.(subscription required)
  86. ↑ Voller 1999 , p. 29
  87. ↑ Parish & Pitts 2003 , p. 526
  88. ↑ Madonna (1987). Who's That Girl: Live in Japan (VHS). Warner Home Video.
  89. ↑ Madonna (1988). Ciao Italia: Live from Italy (VHS). Warner Home Video.
  90. ↑ Masley, Ed (October 23, 2015). "Review: Madonna still the best Madonna show in town". The Arizona Republic . Archived from the original on December 23, 2015. Retrieved June 20, 2024.
  91. ↑ Bream, Jon (October 9, 2015). "Madonna more playful than provocative in Xcel show". Star Tribune . Archived from the original on October 11, 2015. Retrieved June 18, 2024.
  92. ↑ Katz, Leslie (October 20, 2015). "Madonna takes control in San Jose". San Francisco Examiner . Archived from the original on October 21, 2020. Retrieved June 18, 2024.
  93. ↑ Lallo, Michael (March 13, 2016). "Madonna review: Rebel Heart tour proves Material Girl does it better than anyone". The Sydney Morning Herald . Archived from the original on March 15, 2016. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  94. ↑ Madonna (2017). Rebel Heart Tour (2× CD, DVD, Blu-ray). Eagle Records.
  95. ↑ "Greatest Hits from the Superstars! (Who's That Girl) - The Gary Tesca Orchestra". Apple Music. January 1, 1994. Retrieved June 18, 2024.
  96. ↑ Hill, Melinda (October 20, 1998). "Royal Philharmonic Orchestra > Material Girl: RPO Plays Music of Madonna > Overview". AllMusic. Retrieved 5 June 2022.
  97. ↑ "Starsound Orchestra > Plays the Hits Made Famous by Madonna > Overview". AllMusic. February 13, 2001. Retrieved June 18, 2024.
  98. ↑ "True Blue". Paper Bag Records. Archived from the original on April 23, 2011. Retrieved June 18, 2024.
  99. ↑ Lapatine, Scott (March 27, 2012). "The 20 best indie rock Madonna covers". Stereogum . Archived from the original on November 11, 2020. Retrieved 8 May 2022.
  100. ↑ "Chatting by the Campfire". Tasmanian Times . August 3, 2017. Archived from the original on June 30, 2024. Retrieved July 27, 2024.
  101. ↑ Veevers, Brandon (March 28, 2023). "Live Review: Darren Hayes – 28th March 2023 – London Palladium, London, UK". Renowned for Sound . Archived from the original on March 30, 2023. Retrieved July 27, 2024.
  102. ↑ Madonna (1986). True Blue (European seven-inch single liner notes). Sire Records. W 8550.
  103. 1 2 Madonna (1986). True Blue (US seven-inch single liner notes). Sire Records. 7-28591.
  104. ↑ Madonna (1986). True Blue (UK twelve-inch single liner notes). Sire Records. W 8550 T.
  105. ↑ Madonna (1992). CD Super Club Mix (Australian CD Single liner notes). Sire Records. 7599-25533-2.
  106. ↑ Madonna (1992). CD Super Club Mix (Japanese CD Single liner notes). Sire Records. WPCP-3439.
  107. ↑ "Madonna – True Blue" (in Dutch). Ultratop 50. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  108. ↑ "Top World Charts" (PDF). Pelo (in Spanish) (282): 6. 1986. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  109. ↑ "European Airplay Top 50" (PDF). Music & Media. 3 (42): 4. October 25, 1986. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  110. ↑ Pennanen, Timo (2021). "Sisältää hitin: 1 January 1960 – 30.6.2021" (PDF) (in Finnish). Musiikkiarkisto. pp. 156–157. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 22, 2022. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  111. ↑ "Madonna – True Blue" (in German). GfK Entertainment charts. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  112. ↑ "Madonna chart history". RÚV (in Icelandic). March 22, 2016. Archived from the original on December 11, 2017. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  113. ↑ "Classifiche". Musica e Dischi (in Italian). Archived from the original on December 1, 2016. Retrieved November 3, 2024. Set "Tipo" on "Singoli". Then, in the "Artista" field, search "Madonna" and "True Blue" in the "Titolo" field.
  114. ↑ "Nederlandse Top 40 – Madonna" (in Dutch). Dutch Top 40. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  115. ↑ "Madonna – True Blue" (in Dutch). Single Top 100. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  116. ↑ Salaverri, Fernando (September 2005). Sólo éxitos: año a año, 1959–2002 (1st ed.). Spain: Fundación Autor-SGAE. ISBN   84-8048-639-2.
  117. ↑ "Madonna – True Blue". Swiss Singles Chart. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  118. ↑ "SA Charts 1969 - 1989: Acts M". Rock.Co.Za. Archived from the original on January 18, 2004. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  119. ↑ "CASH BOX TOP 100 SINGLES: Week ending November 15, 1986". Cash Box . November 15, 1986. Archived from the original on October 30, 2007. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  120. ↑ "National Top Singles for 100 1986". Kent Music Report. December 29, 1986. Archived from the original on March 18, 2021. Retrieved June 19, 2024– via Imgur.com.
  121. ↑ "Jaaroverzichten 1986" (in Dutch). Ultratop. Archived from the original on September 4, 2017. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  122. ↑ "Mais Tocadas Nos Últimos 12 Meses" (in Portuguese). Globo. Archived from the original on July 23, 2020. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  123. ↑ "Top 100 singles of '86". RPM. Library and Archives Canada. December 27, 1986. Archived from the original on November 24, 2015. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  124. ↑ "European Hot 100 Singles" (PDF). Music & Media. 3 (51/52). December 27, 1986. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  125. 1 2 "Top - 1986" (in French). Syndicat national de l'édition phonographique. Archived from the original on January 11, 2012. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  126. ↑ "Top 100-Jaaroverzicht van 1986" (in Dutch). Dutch Top 40. Archived from the original on April 18, 2015. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  127. ↑ "Jaaroverzichten - 1986" (in Dutch). Hung Medien. Archived from the original on September 19, 2011. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  128. ↑ "End of year charts - 1986". Official New Zealand Music Chart. Archived from the original on May 11, 2015. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  129. ↑ "Top 100 Singles" (PDF). Music Week : 24. January 24, 1987. ISSN   0265-1548 . Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  130. ↑ "The CASH BOX Year-End Charts: 1986". Cash Box. Archived from the original on January 18, 2008. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  131. ↑ "French single certifications – Madonna – True Blue" (in French). InfoDisc. Retrieved December 14, 2014.Select MADONNA and click OK. 
  132. ↑ Oricon Album Chart Book: Complete Edition 1970–2005. Roppongi, Tokyo: Oricon Charts. 2006. ISBN   4-87131-077-9.

Bibliography

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.