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| Volga Turki | |
|---|---|
| ترکی | |
| Region | Ural region, Volga region, West Siberia |
| Ethnicity | Bashkirs, Tatars |
| Era | used from Middle Ages until the early 20th century developed into Bashkir and Tatar |
Turkic
| |
Early form | |
| Chagatai | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
The Volga Turki language was a literary language used by some ethnic groups of the Idel-Ural region (Bashkirs and Tatars) from the Middle Ages until the early 20th century.
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Volga Turki is a member of the Kipchak (or Northwestern) group of Turkic languages. The first poem, considered to be written by Qul Ghali in Volga Turki dates back to the period of Volga Bulgaria and ancient Badzhgard. It included many Persian and Arabic loans.
In its written form, the language was spelled uniformly among different ethnic groups, speaking different Turkic languages of the Kipchak sub-group. The pronunciation differed from one people to another, approximating to the spoken language, making the written form universal for different languages.
The language formerly used the Arabic script and its later updated alphabets of İske imlâ and Yaña imlâ. Volga Turki language was a language of Idel-Ural poetry and literature. With the Ottoman Turkish, Azeri, Cuman, [1] Khaqani Turkic [2] and Chagatai, they were the only Turkic literary languages used in the Middle Ages. It was actively used in publishing until 1905, when the first Bashkir and Tatar newspapers begun to be published in modern Bashkir and Tatar languages.
