(N-acetylneuraminyl)-galactosylglucosylceramide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase

(N-acetylneuraminyl)-galactosylglucosylceramide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase
Identifiers
EC no.	2.4.1.92
CAS no.	67338-98-1
Databases
IntEnz	IntEnz view
BRENDA	BRENDA entry
ExPASy	NiceZyme view
KEGG	KEGG entry
MetaCyc	metabolic pathway
PRIAM	profile
PDB structures	RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum
Search PMC articles PubMed articles NCBI proteins

(N-acetylneuraminyl)-galactosylglucosylceramide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.92, uridine diphosphoacetylgalactosamine-ganglioside GM3 acetylgalactosaminyltransferase, ganglioside GM2 synthase, ganglioside GM3 acetylgalactosaminyltransferase, GM2 synthase, UDP acetylgalactosamine-(N-acetylneuraminyl)-D-galactosyl-D-glucosylceramide acetylgalactosaminyltransferase, UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine:1-O-[O-(N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl)-(2->3)-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]-ceramide 1,4-beta-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyltransferase acetylgalactosaminyltransferase, UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine GM3 N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase, uridine diphosphoacetylgalactosamine-acetylneuraminylgalactosylglucosylceramide acetylgalactosaminyltransferase, uridine diphosphoacetylgalactosamine-hematoside acetylgalactosaminyltransferase, GM2/GD2-synthase, beta-1,4N-aetylgalactosaminyltransferase, asialo-GM2 synthase, GalNAc-T, UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine:(N-acetylneuraminyl)-D-galactosyl-D-glucosylceramide N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyltransferase) is an enzyme with systematic name UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine:1-O-(O-(N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl)-(2->3)-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-ceramide 4-beta-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyltransferase. ^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7]} This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction:

UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + 1-O-[O-(N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl)-(2->3)-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]-ceramide ${\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons }$ UDP + 1-O-[O-2-(acetylamino)-2-deoxy-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->4)-O-[N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl-(2->3)]-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]-ceramide

This enzyme catalyses the formation of the gangliosides (i.e. sialic-acid-containing glycosphingolipids) GM2, GD2 and SM2 from GM3, GD3 and SM3, respectively.

References

1. Dicesare JL, Dain JA (March 1971). "The enzymic synthesis of ganglioside. IV. UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine: (N-acetylneuraminyl)-galactosylglucosyl ceramide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase in rat brain". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Lipids and Lipid Metabolism. 231 (2): 385–93. doi:10.1016/0005-2760(71)90151-2. PMID   5554906.
2. Pohlentz G, Klein D, Schwarzmann G, Schmitz D, Sandhoff K (October 1988). "Both GA2, GM2, and GD2 synthases and GM1b, GD1a, and GT1b synthases are single enzymes in Golgi vesicles from rat liver". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 85 (19): 7044–8. Bibcode:1988PNAS...85.7044P. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.19.7044 . PMC   282120 . PMID   3140234.
3. Hidari JK, Ichikawa S, Furukawa K, Yamasaki M, Hirabayashi Y (November 1994). "beta 1-4N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase can synthesize both asialoglycosphingolipid GM2 and glycosphingolipid GM2 in vitro and in vivo: isolation and characterization of a beta 1-4N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase cDNA clone from rat ascites hepatoma cell line AH7974F". The Biochemical Journal. 303 ( Pt 3) (3): 957–65. doi:10.1042/bj3030957. PMC   1137639 . PMID   7980468.
4. Hashimoto Y, Sekine M, Iwasaki K, Suzuki A (December 1993). "Purification and characterization of UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine GM3/GD3 N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase from mouse liver". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 268 (34): 25857–64. doi: 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)74467-6 . PMID   8245020.
5. Nagai K, Ishizuka I (May 1987). "Biosynthesis of monosulfogangliotriaosylceramide and GM2 by N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase from rat brain". Journal of Biochemistry. 101 (5): 1115–27. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a121976. PMID   3115968.
6. Furukawa K, Takamiya K, Furukawa K (December 2002). "Beta1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase--GM2/GD2 synthase: a key enzyme to control the synthesis of brain-enriched complex gangliosides". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects. 1573 (3): 356–62. doi:10.1016/s0304-4165(02)00403-8. PMID   12417418.
7. Yamashita T, Wu YP, Sandhoff R, Werth N, Mizukami H, Ellis JM, Dupree JL, Geyer R, Sandhoff K, Proia RL (February 2005). "Interruption of ganglioside synthesis produces central nervous system degeneration and altered axon-glial interactions". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 102 (8): 2725–30. Bibcode:2005PNAS..102.2725Y. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0407785102 . PMC   549464 . PMID   15710896.

External links

• (N-acetylneuraminyl)-galactosylglucosylceramide+N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)