1085

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	10th century 11th century 12th century
Decades:	1060s 1070s 1080s 1090s 1100s
Years:	1082 1083 1084 1085 1086 1087 1088

1085 in various calendars

Gregorian calendar	1085 MLXXXV
Ab urbe condita	1838
Armenian calendar	534 ԹՎ ՇԼԴ
Assyrian calendar	5835
Balinese saka calendar	1006–1007
Bengali calendar	492
Berber calendar	2035
English Regnal year	19  Will. 1  – 20  Will. 1
Buddhist calendar	1629
Burmese calendar	447
Byzantine calendar	6593–6594
Chinese calendar	甲子年 (Wood  Rat) 3782 or 3575     — to — 乙丑年 (Wood  Ox) 3783 or 3576
Coptic calendar	801–802
Discordian calendar	2251
Ethiopian calendar	1077–1078
Hebrew calendar	4845–4846
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1141–1142
- Shaka Samvat	1006–1007
- Kali Yuga	4185–4186
Holocene calendar	11085
Igbo calendar	85–86
Iranian calendar	463–464
Islamic calendar	477–478
Japanese calendar	Ōtoku 2 (応徳２年)
Javanese calendar	989–990
Julian calendar	1085 MLXXXV
Korean calendar	3418
Minguo calendar	827 before ROC 民前827年
Nanakshahi calendar	−383
Seleucid era	1396/1397 AG
Thai solar calendar	1627–1628
Tibetan calendar	阳木鼠年 (male Wood-Rat) 1211 or 830 or 58     — to — 阴木牛年 (female Wood-Ox) 1212 or 831 or 59

KIng Alfonso VI of León and Castile ("the Brave") (r. 1077–1109)

Year 1085 ( MLXXXV ) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar.

Events

By place

Europe

• May 25 – King Alfonso VI of León and Castile ("the Brave") recaptures Toledo from the Moors, and occupies other cities such as Madrid and Talavera (including the castle of Aledo). Alfonso moves his capital to Toledo, and consolidates his power between Sistema Central and the Tagus River, from where he launches more attacks against the taifas of Córdoba, Seville, Badajoz and Granada (modern Spain).
• Summer – Robert Guiscard heads for the Ionian Islands despite an epidemic among troops on Corfu. His son, Roger Borsa, lands on Cephalonia but Guiscard falls sick as his ship approaches the northernmost headland and is carried ashore, where he dies of fever (on July 17).
• Emperor Henry IV declares the Peace of God in all the imperial territories of the Holy Roman Empire to quell any sedition.
• June 15 – Vratislaus II, a son of Duke Bretislav I, becomes the first king of Bohemia and is elevated 'for life' by Henry IV.
• Katedralskolan in Lund (modern Sweden), the oldest school in Scandinavia, is founded by King Canute IV of Denmark.

England

• The Domesday Survey is commissioned by King William the Conqueror, ^[1] apparently prompted by the abortive invasion of Canute IV, to ensure proper taxation and levies. ^[2]

China

• April 1 – Emperor Zhezong ascends the throne at the age of 8 under the supervision of his grandmother, Grand Empress Dowager Gao. She cancels the reform policy of Chancellor Wang Anshi.
• The output of copper currency for the Chinese Song dynasty reaches 6 billion coins a year, prompting the Chinese government to adopt the world's first paper-printed money later in the 1120s.

Births

• September 19 – Maria Komnene, Byzantine princess
• Ahmad Sanjar, Seljuk ruler of Khorasan (approximate date)
• Alberich of Reims, archbishop of Bourges (approximate date) ^[3]
• Avempace, Andalusian polymath and philosopher (d. 1138)
• Constantine Komnenos, Byzantine aristocrat (approximate date)
• Elizabeth of Vermandois, English countess (approximate date)
• Floris II ("the Fat"), count of Holland (approximate date)
• Gilbert of Sempringham, English priest (approximate date)
• Imad ad-Din Zengi, Seljuk ruler of Mosul (approximate date)
• Meginhard I, count of Sponheim (approximate date)
• Otomae, Japanese female singer and musician (d. 1169)
• Otto II the Black, Moravian prince (approximate date)
• Ralph I (or Raoul), count of Vermandois (approximate date)
• Robert fitz Martin, Norman knight and nobleman (d. 1159)
• Stephen of Obazine, French priest and hermit (d. 1154)
• Waleran II, duke of Lower Lorraine (approximate date)
• William of Montevergine, Italian monk and abbot (d. 1142)
• William, Count of Sully ("the Simple"), French nobleman (approximate date)
• Zhang Zeduan, Chinese landscape painter (d. 1145)
• Zhu Bian, Chinese diplomat, poet and writer (d. 1144)

Deaths

• January 3 – Williram of Ebersberg, German abbot
• April 1 – Shenzong, emperor of Song dynasty China (b. 1048)
• May 25 – Gregory VII, pope of the Catholic Church
• May 27 – Gundred, Countess of Surrey (or Gundreda), English noblewoman
• June 19 – Vitalis of Bernay, Norman monk and abbot
• July 17 – Robert Guiscard, Norman warrior and nobleman
• August 19 – Al-Juwayni, Persian scholar and imam (b. 1028)
• September 20 – Hermann II, German nobleman (b. 1049)
• Alfanus I (or Alfano), Italian physician and archbishop
• Al-Lakhmi, Fatimid scholar, jurist and writer (b. 1006)
• Cheng Hao, Chinese neo-Confucian philosopher (b. 1032)
• Maitripada, Indian Buddhist philosopher (b. 1007)
• Osbern Giffard, Norman nobleman (approximate date)
• Wang Gui, Chinese official and chancellor (b. 1019)
• Yūsuf Balasaguni, Karakhanid statesman (b. 1019)

References

1. "Domesday Book". www.nationalarchives.gov.uk. Retrieved April 25, 2018.
2. "British History in depth: The Domesday Book". BBC - History. Retrieved April 25, 2018.
3. Connell, Charles W. (2016). Popular Opinion in the Middle Ages: Channeling Public Ideas and Attitudes. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. p. 105. ISBN   9783110432176.