Anti-Submarine Warfare Shallow Water Craft

Last updated
INS Androth Launch.jpg
Androth, photographed on the day of her launch.
Class overview
NameAnti-Submarine Warfare Shallow Water Craft (ASW-SWC)
Builders
OperatorsNaval Ensign of India.svg  Indian Navy
Preceded by
Succeeded by Next Generation Missile Vessels
Cost
  • ₹ 12,622 crore (equivalent to ₹150 billionorUS$1.8 billion in 2023) for 16 ships (FY 2020)
  • ₹ 789 crore (equivalent to ₹929 croreorUS$110 million in 2023) per ship (FY 2020)
Built2021-present
Planned16
Building14
Completed12
Active0
General characteristics
Type Corvette
Displacement
  • GRSE :900 tons [3]
  • CSL :700 tons [4]
Length
  • GRSE :77.6 metres (255 ft) [5]
  • CSL :78 metres (256 ft) [6]
Beam
  • GRSE :10.5 metres (34 ft) [5]
  • CSL :11.26 metres (36.9 ft) [6]
DraughtGRSE : 2.7 metres (8.9 ft) [5]
Propulsion Water-jet propulsion [7]
Speed25 knots (46 km/h) [8]
Range1,800 nautical miles (3,300 km) (at 14 knots (26 km/h) [5]
Complement57 (7 officers + 50 sailors)
Sensors and
processing systems
  • Combat Suite:
  • ASW Combat Suite (presumably the DRDO-developed IAC MOD 'C' combat suite) [9] [10]
  • Sonar:
  • DRDO Abhay Hull-Mounted Sonar (HMS) [11]
  • Low Frequency Variable Depth Sonar (LFVDS) [9]
  • Management Systems:
  • Fire Control System (FCS) [2]
  • Integrated Platform Management System (IPMS) [9]
  • Automatic Power Management System (APMS) [9]
  • Battle Damage Control System (BDCS) [9]
Armament
NotesLargest waterjet-powered vessels in the Indian Navy. [8]

The Anti-Submarine Warfare Shallow Water Craft (ASW-SWC) corvettes, are a class of anti-submarine warfare (ASW) vessels currently being built for the Indian Navy, by Cochin Shipyard (CSL) and Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers (GRSE). [2] They were conceived as a replacement to the ageing Abhay-class corvettes of the Indian Navy, and are designed to undertake ASW duties – including subsurface surveillance in littoral waters, search-and-attack unit (SAU) missions and coordinated anti-submarine warfare operations with naval aircraft. [12] They were also designed to provide secondary duties – including defense against intruding aircraft, minelaying and search-and-rescue (SAR). [13]

Contents

Equipped with sophisticated sensors and ordnance, the vessels also possess the capabilities to interdict and destroy subsurface targets – primarily hostile submarines, within the vicinity of coastal waters. [12] A total of 16 vessels are being built for the Indian Navy, jointly by CSL and GRSE under the Make in India initiative. [5] The Indian Navy plans to have all 16 vessels in active service by 2026. [5]

History

Background

In December 2013, the Defence Acquisition Council (DAC) –- the main acquisition panel subordinate to India's Ministry of Defence (MoD), approved the procurement of sixteen anti-submarine warfare (ASW) vessels capable of operating in shallow waters, at a cost of ₹ 13,440 crore (equivalent to ₹230 billionorUS$2.7 billion in 2023), to replace the ageing Abhay-class corvettes of the Indian Navy – which were commissioned between 1989 and 1991. [14] [15]

In June 2014, the MoD issued a tender, worth USD2.25 billion under the 'Buy and Make India' category to private-shipyards – including Larsen & Toubro (L&T), ABG Shipyard, Pipavav Defense and Offshore Engineering (R-Naval), Goa Shipyard (GSL) and Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers (GRSE), for the procurement of the 16 anti-submarine vessels. [16]

In October 2017, Cochin Shipyard (CSL) and Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers (GRSE) emerged as the first and the second-lowest bidder in the tender, respectively. [17]

Purchase

On 29 April 2019, the MoD and GRSE signed a contract valued at ₹6,311 crore (equivalent to ₹78 billionorUS$940 million in 2023) for eight anti-submarine vessels, to be delivered between 2022 and 2026. [18] The contract stipulated that the first vessel had to be delivered within 42 months of the date of signing, with the remaining seven vessels delivered at regular intervals. [19] [20]

On 30 April 2019, the MoD and CSL signed a similar contract, valued at ₹6,311 crore (equivalent to ₹78 billionorUS$940 million in 2023) for the construction of the remaining eight vessels – within a deadline of 84 months. [21] Under this contract, the first ship was also expected to be delivered within a span of 42 months, with subsequent deliveries of two ships per year. [22] [23]

Construction

On 1 December 2020, CSL initiated the project's construction, with the steel-cutting of the first ASW-SWC vessel, Mahe (BY 523) at Kochi. [24]

On 31 December 2020, GRSE initiated the construction of the stipulated vessels under its agreement, with the steel-cutting ceremony of the first of the eight vessels it had been assigned with, at L&T's shipyard at Kattupalli, near Chennai. [25] [26]

In July 2021, GRSE initiated the construction of two more vessels under its contract, with their respective steel-cutting ceremonies, while the keel of the first vessels (which had begun construction in December, 2020) was laid on 6 August 2021. [27]

CSL initiated the steel-cutting of the fourth and fifth vessels of the series, on 1 December 2021. [28]

Design

Under the contract for the construction of the 16 vessels, the two shipyards contracted by the Indian Navy – Cochin Shipyard (CSL) and Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers (GRSE), will respectively build eight vessels of their own, respective designs. [2]

The first eight vessels assigned to GRSE were designed entirely by GRSE's in-house design team, while the remaining eight vessels assigned to CSL were developed by a joint venture – consisting of CSL, Smart Engineering & Design Solutions (India) Ltd. (SEDS) and DA-Group subsidiary Surma Ltd. [29] [2]

The ASW-SWC vessels are the biggest vessels of the Indian Navy to be powered by water-jet propulsion; the vessels' water-jet propulsion system allows the vessel to sprint swiftly for short intervals. [2] The vessels are also reported to possess several features of stealth – including a reduced radar cross-section (RCS), a low acoustic signature and a low infrared signature. [30]

Armament

INS Mulki and INS Malpe launched INS Mulki and INS Malpe under construction at CSL.jpg
INS Mulki and INS Malpe launched

The ASW-SWC vessels are equipped with one RBU-6000 anti-submarine rocket launcher and two sets of light-weight torpedo-tube launchers for launching anti-submarine torpedoes, (presumably the Advanced Light Weight Torpedo (ALWT)), for neutralizing enemy submarines. [7] The vessels are also equipped with mine rails, which enables the vessel to lay anti-submarine mines along the seabed. [2]

Aside from its primary anti-submarine weaponry, the vessels are also equipped with one small-calibre cannon (presumably the CRN-91 30 mm naval gun and two 12.7 mm M2 "Stabilised Remote Controlled Gun" remote-weapon stations (RWS), equipped with optronic control systems. [2]

Sensors

For detecting and intercepting hostile submarines, the ASW-SWC vessels are equipped with sophisticated sonar equipment, including a hull-mounted sonar (HMS) and towed low-frequency variable-depth sonar (LFVDS). [2] The LFVDS system is being procured from a partnership firm formed by Indian CFF Fluid Control Ltd. and German Atlas Elektronik. The system will be manufactured in India and supplied to GRSE and CSL, the firms engaged in construction of the ships. [31] The hull-mounted sonar is the Abhay system an advanced active-cum-passive integrated sonar system designed and developed by NPOL, DRDO and manufactured by BEL. [32] [33] [34] [35]

Capabilities

INS Arnala launch Arnala class ASW corvette during launch by GRSE.jpg
INS Arnala launch

Being vessels primed for anti-submarine warfare (ASW), the ASW-SWC vessels were conceived to undertake multiple missions, including "search-and-attack-unit" (SAU) roles, low-intensity maritime operations (LIMO), subsurface surveillance in littoral-waters and coordinated ASW operations with maritime-patrol aircraft (MPA). [2] In addition, the vessels also possess the capability to interdict and destroy subsurface targets, within the vicinity coastal waters. [36] The vessels can also be deployed for search-and-rescue (SAR) missions in littoral waters. [37]

In their secondary role, the vessels will be able to lay mines, to protect domains of crucial importance, such as naval bases and commercial ports, from enemy submarines. [38]

Ships of the class

NamePennantYard NoBuilderLaid downLaunchedDeliveryCommissioningStatus
Naval Ensign of India.svg  Indian Navy
Mahe class
Mahe523 Cochin Shipyard 30 August 2022 [39] 30 November 2023 [40] [41] Early 2025 (expected) [42] Launched
Malwan52421 February 2023 [43]
Mangrol525
Malpe5268 December 2023 [44] 09 September 2024 [45]
Mulki527
Magdala52816 December 2024 [42] Under Construction [46] [28]
529
530
Arnala class
ArnalaP683029 GRSE 6 August 2021 [47] 20 December 2022 [48] 2025 (Planned)Undergoing harbour trials
AnjadipP73303017 June 2022 [49] 13 June 2023 [50] Launched
AminiP75303116 November 2023 [51]
Abhay303213 June 2023 [50] 25 October 2024 [52]
AgrayP36303331 December 2022 [53] 13 March 2024 [54]
303410 May 2024 [55] Under Construction
AndrothP69303521 December 2021 [56] 21 March 2023 [57] Launched
AkshayP35303631 December 2022 [53] 13 March 2024 [54]

See also

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  50. 1 2 "LAUNCH OF 'ANJADIP' THIRD SHIP OF ASW SWC (GRSE) AND KEEL LAYING OF 7TH SHIP OF ASW SWC PROJECT AT M/s L&T, KATTUPALLI ON 13 JUN 23". Press Information Bureau (Press release). Retrieved 2023-06-13.
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  54. 1 2 "LAUNCH OF 'AGRAY' AND 'AKSHAY' FIFTH AND SIXTH SHIP OF ASW SWC (GRSE) PROJECT ON 13 MAR 24 AT M/S GRSE KOLKATA". pib.gov.in. Retrieved 2024-03-13.
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  57. ↑ "LAUNCH OF 'ANDROTH', SECOND SHIP OF ASW SWC (GRSE) PROJECT ON 21 MAR 23 AT M/s GRSE, KOLKATA". pib.gov.in. Retrieved 2023-03-21.
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