Jack Frost

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19th-century cartoon depicting Jack Frost as a United States major-general during the American Civil War Jack-frost.jpg
19th-century cartoon depicting Jack Frost as a United States major-general during the American Civil War

Jack Frost is a personification of frost, ice, snow, sleet, winter, and freezing cold. He is a variant of Old Man Winter who is held responsible for frosty weather, nipping the fingers and toes in such weather, coloring the foliage in autumn, and leaving fern-like patterns on cold windows in winter.

Contents

Starting in late 19th century literature, more developed characterizations of Jack Frost depict him as a sprite-like character, sometimes appearing as a sinister mischief-maker or as a hero.

Background

Frost on a window Iceflowers - Flickr - Stiller Beobachter.jpg
Frost on a window

Jack Frost is traditionally said to leave the frosty, fern-like patterns on windows on cold winter mornings (window frost or fern frost) and nipping the extremities in cold weather. Over time, window frost has become far less prevalent in the modern world due to the advance of double-glazing, but Jack Frost remains a well-known figure in popular culture. He is sometimes described or depicted with paint brush and bucket coloring the autumnal foliage red, yellow, brown, and orange. [1] According to other customs, he is said to be the husband of Suzy Snowflake. [2]

History

Passenger with SNLC cruise train greeting "kung Bore", the Swedish equivalent of Jack Frost, during a stop at the arctic circle in Sweden, 1950s. SNLC stop at Arctic circle.jpg
Passenger with SNLC cruise train greeting "kung Bore", the Swedish equivalent of Jack Frost, during a stop at the arctic circle in Sweden, 1950s.

Tales of Jack Frost may originate from Anglo-Saxon and Norse winter customs. The Finnish equivalent Pakkasukko has an entire chapter named after him in Kalevala , the Finnish national epic compiled from their ancient oral tradition. In Swedish folklore, the equivalent is Kung Bore (King Bore); the name originating from Swedish 17th century writer Olaus Rudbeck.

There are various other mythological beings who take on a similar role yet have a unique folklore to them. In Russia, he has taken on a different form as Grandfather Frost, and in Germany there is instead a different entity altogether known as Mrs. Holle. The Hindu Kush mountain range is named after stories of a resident giant who would kill (kesh) those who attempted to pass, and has been compared to England's Jack Frost. [3] [4]

The earliest reference to Jack Frost in literature [5] is in the book 'Round About Our Coal Fire, or Christmas Entertainments' published in 1732. [6] [7]

Jack Frost is mentioned in many songs – such as the wintertime song "The Christmas Song" (aka "Chestnuts Roasting on an Open Fire") – and movies. He has been presented as a villain in some media and a hero in others.

Literature

Comics

Films

Radio, animation, and television

See also

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References

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  2. "'Coolest place to be:' Jack Frost ready for holiday season". The Cumberland Times-News. Retrieved 20 November 2024.
  3. “The Upper Basin of the Kabul River,” C. R. Markham. Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography New Monthly Series, Vol. 1, No. 2 (Feb., 1879), pp. 110-121.
  4. Rollo's Museum. Jacob Abbott. Boston, Weeks, Jordan, and Company. 1839, p. 185.
  5. Chamberlain, Rebecca (7 February 2020). "Where did Jack come from? The origin of Jack Frost". RLC words. Retrieved 17 December 2020.
  6. Round About Our Coal Fire, or Christmas Entertainments (PDF) (4th ed.). London. 1734. p. 6. Retrieved 17 December 2020.
  7. Round about our coal-fire: or, Christmas entertainments. Containing, Christmas gambols, tropes, figures, &c. ... Adorn'd with many curious cuts. 1732. Internet Archive. 1732.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  8. Griswold, Rufus Wilmot (26 November 2018). "The Female Poets of America: By Rufus Wilmont Griswold". Ardent Media via Google Books.
  9. Charles Sangster (April 1875). "Little Jack Frost. A Rhyme for Flossie". The Aldine. 7 (16): 308. doi:10.2307/20636992. JSTOR   20636992.
  10. Wilson, Amy (2017). The Lost Frost Girl. New York, NY: Katherine Tegen Books. ISBN   978-0062671486.
  11. "Jack Frost as depicted in "Little Nemo in Slumberland"". The Comic Strip Library.
  12. DC's Legion of Bloom #1 (March 21, 2023)
  13. "'The Santa Clauses' Cast and Character Guide: Who's Joining Tim Allen in This Jolly Revival?". Collider .
  14. "DreamWorks Adapting Upcoming Book Series The Guardians". 3 November 2009.