This article lists queens, countesses, and duchesses consort of the Kingdom, County, Duchy of Burgundy.
Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Queen | Ceased to be Queen | Death | Spouse |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Grimhild | ? | She is a mythological queen mentioned in the Nibelungenlied who was a witch, who cast a spell on Sigurd making him leave his wife, Brynhildr, for Gudrun. | Gebicca | |||||
Dietlind of Bechelaren | Rüdiger, Count of Bechelaren | She is a mythological queen mentioned in the Nibelungenlied as being married to Giselher. | Giselher | |||||
Brynhildr the Valkyrie | King Budli | She is a mythological queen, a valkyrie, based on the stories of the Völsunga saga and some Eddic poems treating the same events. Under the name Brünnhilde she appears in the Nibelungenlied. Brynhildr is probably inspired by the Visigothic princess Brunhilda of Austrasia, who married Merovingian king Sigebert I in 567. The history of Brynhildr includes fratricide, a long battle between brothers, and dealings with the Huns. | Gunther | |||||
Sister of Ricimer | Rechila, Suevic King of Galicia | ? | ? | ? | 472 | Gondioc | ||
Caretena | ? | ? | ? | ? | 493 [1] | Chilperic II | ||
Ostrogotho of the Ostrogoths | Theodoric the Great (Bosonid) | 475 | 494 or 496 | 516 husband's accession | 520 | Sigismund | ||
Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Queen | Ceased to be Queen | Death | Spouse |
Queen consort of Burgundy/Orléans, 561–613 | ||||||||
Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Queen | Ceased to be Queen | Death | Spouse |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Vénérande | a slave | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | Guntram | |
Marcatrude | Magnar (Magnacaire d’Outre-Jura) | ? | 565? | 566? | ||||
Austerchild | ? | ? | 567 | after 580 | ||||
Faileube | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | Childebert II | |
Ermenberga of the Visigoths | Witteric, King of the Visigoths | ? | 606 | 607 repudiated | ? | Theuderic II | ||
United to Austrasia in 612 and passed Neustria in 613. | ||||||||
Queen of Neustria, Paris, Burgundy and Austrasia, 613–629 | ||||||||
Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Queen | Ceased to be Queen | Death | Spouse |
Bertrude of Vermandois | Wagon II, Count of Vermandois | 582 | ?613? | 618/619 | Chlothar II | |||
Sichilde [2] | ? | c. 590 | 618 | 18 October 629 husband's death | ap. 627 | |||
Queen of Neustria and Burgundy, 629–691 | ||||||||
Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Queen | Ceased to be Queen | Death | Spouse |
Gomentrude [2] | ? | 598 | 628 | 629 répudiée | after 630 | Dagobert I | ||
Nanthild the Saxon [2] | ? | c. 610 | c. 629 | 19 January 639 husband's death | 642 | |||
Ragintrudis [2] | ? | 610? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ||
Wulfefundis [2] | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ||
Bertechildis [2] | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ||
Balthild | Anglo-Saxon aristocrat | 626 or 627 | 649 | 27 November 655 or 658 husband's death | 30 January 680 | Clovis II | ||
Amatilda [2] | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | Chlothar III | |
Bilichild of Austrasia [2] | Sigebert III of Austrasia | 654 | 668 | 673 invasion of Neustria and Burgundy | 675 | Childeric II | ||
Clotilda of Heristal [2] | Ansegisel | 650 | before 680 | 679 Became Queen of All the Franks | 699 | Theuderic III | ||
United with Austrasia to form a single Frankish state | ||||||||
Queen of Neustria, Burgundy, Aquitaine, and Austrasia | ||||||||
Edonne [2] | Most likely this a fabricated name of the wife of Childebert III and mother of Dagobert III whose name is unknown. | Childebert III | ||||||
No Merovingian or Burgundian queens have been recorded beyond the obscure Edonne. | ||||||||
Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Queen | Ceased to be Queen | Death | Spouse |
Frankish Queen consort of Burgundy, 751–843 | ||||||||
Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Queen | Ceased to be Queen | Death | Spouse |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bertrada of Laon [2] | Charibert, Count of Laon | 710/27 | 740 | November 751 as sole-Queen consort of the Franks | 24 September 768 husband's death | 12 July 783 | Pepin I | |
Gerberga | ? | ? | ? | 24 September 768 as co-Queen consort of the Franks | 4 December 771 husband's death | ? | Carloman I | |
Gerperga of the Lombards [2] | Desiderius, King of the Lombards | ? | 770 as co-Queen consort of the Franks | 771 repuditated | ? | Charles I | ||
Hildegard [2] | Gerold of Vinzgouw (Agilolfings) | 758 | 771 as sole-Queen consort of the Franks 774 as Queen consort the Lombards 781 as co-Queen consort the Lombards | 30 April 783 | ||||
Fastrada of Franconia [2] | Raoul III of Franconia | 765 | 784 as sole-Queen consort of the Franks and co-Queen consort the Lombards | 10 October 794 | ||||
Luitgard of Sundgau [2] | Luitfrid II, Count of Sundgau (Etichonids) | 776 | 794 as sole-Queen consort of the Franks and co-Queen consort the Lombards | 4 June 800 | ||||
Ermengarde of Hesbaye [2] | Ingerman, Count of Hesbaye (Robertians) | 778 | 794/5 | 813 as Holy Roman Empress and Queen consort of the Franks 817 as senior Holy Roman Empress | 3 October 818 | Louis I | ||
Judith of Bavaria [2] | Welf I, Count of Altdorf (Elder Welfs) | 805 | 819 as senior Holy Roman Empress and Queen consort of the Franks | 20 June 840 husband's death | 19/23 April 843 | |||
After the Treaty of Verdun | ||||||||
Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Queen | Ceased to be Queen | Death | Spouse |
Ermengarde of Tours | Hugh of Tours (Etichonids) | 800/4 | 15 October 821 | 20 March 851 | Lothair I | |||
Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Queen | Ceased to be Queen | Death | Spouse |
After Lothar's death in 855, his realm was divided between his sons. The Burgundian territories were divided between:
After the division of the Carolingian Empire by the Treaty of Verdun (843), the first of the fraternal rulers of the three kingdoms to die was Lothair I, who divided his middle kingdom in accordance with the custom of the Franks between his three sons. Out of this division came the Kingdom of Provence, given to Lothair's youngest son, Charles. A heritage of royal rule was thus inaugurated in Provence that, though it was often subsumed into one of its larger neighbouring kingdoms, it was just as often proclaiming its own sovereigns.
Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Queen | Ceased to be Queen | Death | Spouse |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Engelberga of Parma | Adelchis I, Count of Parma (Supponids) | 830 | 5 October 851 | 24 January 863 husband's accession | 12 August 875 husband's death | 896-901 | Louis II | |
Richilde of Provence | Bivin of Gorze, Count of the Ardennes (Bosonid) | 845 | 870 | 12 August 875 husband's ascession | 6 October 877 husband's death | 2 June 910 | Charles III | |
Adelaide of Paris | Adalard of Paris (Girardids) | 850/853 | February 875 | 6 October 877 husband's accession | 10 April 879 husband's death | 10 November 901 | Louis III | |
Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Queen | Ceased to be Queen | Death | Spouse |
Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Queen | Ceased to be Queen | Death | Spouse |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ermengard of Italy | Louis II (Carolingian) | 835/852/855 | June 876 | 10 April 879 husband's accession | 11 January 887 husband's death | 22 June 896 | Boso I | |
Anna of Constantinople | Leo VI the Wise (Macedonian) | 888 | around 900 | 912 | Louis IV | |||
Adelaide | Rudolph I (Elder Welf) | - | 914 | 28 June 928 husband's death | 943 | |||
Alda (or Hilda) | ? | ? | after 924 | 5 June 928 husband's accession | before 932 marriage annulled | ? | Hugh I | |
Marozia of Tusculum, Senatrix and Patricia of Rome | Theophylact I, Count of Tusculum (Tusculani) | 890 | 932 | December 932 933 Provence ceases to be a separate kingdom. | 932/937 | |||
Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Queen | Ceased to be Queen | Death | Spouse |
In 933, Provence ceases to be a separate kingdom as Hugh exchanged it with Rudolph II of Upper Burgundy for the throne of Northern Italy.
Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Queen | Ceased to be Queen | Death | Spouse |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bertha of Swabia | Burchard II, Duke of Swabia (Hunfridings) | 907 | 922 | 933 husband's accession | 11 July 937 husband's death | after 2 January 966 | Rudolph I | |
Adelane | - | 935/40 | 950s? | 23 March 963/4 | Conrad I | |||
Matilda of France | Louis IV of France (Carolingian) | 943 | 964 | 26/27 January 981/2 | ||||
Aldiud | - | - | after 981/2 | 19 October 993 husband's death | - | |||
Agaltrudis | - | - | before 12 January 994 | 21 March 1008 or 18 February 1011 | Rudolph II | |||
Ermengarde of Savoy | Humbert I, Count of Savoy (Savoy) | - | 24 April/28 July 1011 | 6 September 1032 husband's death | 25/27 August 1057 | |||
Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Queen | Ceased to be Queen | Death | Spouse |
In 1032 the kingdom of Upper and Lower Burgundy was incorporated into the Holy Roman Empire as a third kingdom, the Kingdom of Burgundy (later known as Kingdom of Arles), with the King of Germany or Emperor as King of Burgundy.
Lothair II subsumed his portion of Burgundy into the Kingdom of Lotharingia and at his brother Charles' death, gained some northern districts of the deceased's kingdom. When Lothair II died in 869, his realm was divided between his uncles Charles the Bald and Louis the German in the Treaty of Meerssen.
When Emperor Charles the Fat, who until 884 had reunited all Frankish kingdoms except for kingdom of Provence, died in 888, the nobles and leading clergy of Upper Burgundy assembled at St Maurice and elected Rudolph, count of Auxerre, from the Elder House of Welf, as king. At first, he tried to reunite the realm of Lothair II, but opposition by Arnulf of Carinthia forced him to focus on his Burgundian territory.
Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Queen | Ceased to be Queen | Death | Spouse |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Teutberga | Boso the Elder (Bosonids) | - | 855 | 29 September 855 as Queen of Lotharingia | 8 August 869 husband's death | before 25 November 875 | Lothair II | |
Lothair II's empire divided between his uncles in the Treaty of Meerssen. (869-888) | ||||||||
Ermentrude of Orléans | Odo I, Count of Orléans (Orléans) | - | 855 | 8 August 869 as Queen of West Franks | 6 October 869 | Charles the Bald | ||
Richilde of Provence | Bivin of Gorze (Bosonids) | - | 870 as Queen of West Franks, Queen of Italy, and Holy Roman Empress | 6 October 877 husband's death | 2 June 910 | |||
Adelaide of Paris | Adalard of Paris (Paris) | - | February 875 | 6 October 877 as Queen of West Franks | 10 April 879 husband's death | 10 November 901 | Louis the Stammerer | |
Emma of Altdorf | Welf (Welf) | - | 827 | 8 August 869 as Queen of East Franks | 31 January 876 | Louis the German | ||
Liutgard of Saxony | Liudolf, Duke of Saxony (Liudolfing) | 840/50 | 29 November 874 | 28 August 876 as Queen of Saxony, Bavaria, and East Franks | 20 January 882 husband's death | 17 November 885 | Louis the Younger | |
Richardis of Swabia | Erchanger of Nordgau | - | 862 | 20 January 882 as Holy Roman Empress, and Queen of East and West Franks | 13 January 888 husband's death | 18 September 894/6 | Charles the Fat | |
Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Queen | Ceased to be Queen | Death | Spouse |
Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Queen | Ceased to be Queen | Death | Spouse |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Guilla of Provence | Boso of Provence (Bosonids) | 873 | 885/888 | 888 husband's accession | 25 October 911 husband's death | 912-924 | Rudolph I | |
Bertha of Swabia | Burchard II, Duke of Swabia (Hunfridings) | 907 | 922 | 11 July 937 husband's death | after 2 January 966 | Rudolph II | ||
Adelane | - | 935/40 | 950s? | 23 March 963/4 | Conrad I | |||
Matilda of France | Louis IV of France (Carolingian) | 943 | 964 | 26/27 January 981/2 | ||||
Aldiud | - | - | after 981/2 | 19 October 993 husband's death | - | |||
Agaltrudis | - | - | before 12 January 994 | 21 March 1008 or 18 February 1011 | Rudolph II | |||
Ermengarde of Savoy | Humbert I, Count of Savoy (Savoy) | - | 24 April/28 July 1011 | 6 September 1032 husband's death | 25/27 August 1057 | |||
Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Queen | Ceased to be Queen | Death | Spouse |
In 1032 the kingdom of Upper and Lower Burgundy was incorporated into the Holy Roman Empire as a third kingdom, the Kingdom of Burgundy (later known as the Kingdom of Arles), with the King of Germany or Emperor as King of Burgundy.
Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Queen | Became Empress | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gisela of Swabia | Herman II, Duke of Swabia (Conradines) | 11 November 995 | 1016 | 6 September 1032 husband's accession | 26 March 1027 | 4 June 1039 husband's death | 14 February 1043 | Conrad II | |
Agnes de Poitou | William V, Duke of Aquitaine (Ramnulfids) | 1025 | 21 November 1043 | 25 December 1046 | 5 October 1056 husband's death | 14 December 1077 | Henry III | ||
Bertha of Savoy | Otto, Count of Savoy (Savoy) | 21 September 1051 | 13 July 1066 | 21 March 1084 | 27 December 1087 | Henry IV | |||
Eupraxia of Kiev | Vsevolod I, Grand Prince of Kiev (Rurikids) | 1071 | 14 August 1089 | 14 August 1089 | 31 December 1105 husband's deposition | 20 July 1109 | |||
Matilda of England | Henry I of England (Normandy) | 7 February 1101 | 7 January 1114 | 23 May 1125 husband's death | 10 September 1167 | Henry V | |||
Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Queen | Became Empress | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Queen | Became Empress | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Richenza of Northeim | Henry, Margrave of Frisia (Northeim) | 1087/89 | 1100 | 30 August 1125 husband's accession | 4 June 1133 | 4 December 1137 husband's death | 10 June 1141 | Lothair III | |
Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Queen | Became Empress | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Queen | Became Empress | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gertrude of Sulzbach | Berengar II, Count of Sulzbach (Sulzbach) | 1114 | 1136 | 7 March 1138 husband's accession (in opposition) | never Empress | 14 April 1146 | Conrad III | ||
Adelheid of Vohburg | Diepold III, Margrave of Vohburg (Vohburg) | 1128 | 1147 | 4 March 1152 husband's accession | never Empress | March 1153 marriage annulled | after 1187 | Frederick I | |
Beatrice I, Countess of Burgundy | Renaud III, Count of Burgundy (Ivrea) | 1148 | 9 June 1156 | 15 November 1184 | |||||
Constance of Sicily | Roger II of Sicily (Hauteville) | 2 November 1154 | 27 January 1186 | 10 June 1190 husband's accession | 14 April 1191 | 28 September 1197 husband's death | 27 November 1198 | Henry VI | |
Irene Angelina | Isaac II Angelos (Angelos) | 1177/1181 | 25 May 1197 | 6 March 1198 husband's accession | never Empress | 27 August 1208 | Philip of Swabia | ||
Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Queen | Became Empress | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Queen | Became Empress | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Beatrice of Swabia | Philip (Hohenstaufen) | April/June 1198 | 23 July 1212 | 11 August 1212 | Otto IV | ||||
Marie of Brabant | Henry I, Duke of Brabant (Leuven) | 1190 | after 19 May 1214 | 5 July 1215 husband's deposition | 9 March/14 June 1260 | ||||
Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Queen | Became Empress | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Queen | Became Empress | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Constance of Aragon | Alfonso II of Aragón (Barcelona) | 1179 | 5 August 1209 | 9 December 1212 husband's accession | 22 November 1220 | 23 June 1222 | Frederick II | ||
Isabella II of Jerusalem | John of Brienne, King of Jerusalem (Brienne) | 1212 | 9 November 1225 | 25 April 1228 | |||||
Isabella of England | John of England (Plantagenet) | 1214 | 15/20 July 1235 | 1 December 1241 | |||||
Bianca Lancia | A child of Manfred I Lancia (Aleramici – Lancia) | c. 1200 | c. 1244? Evidence for marriage is dubious | c. 1244 | |||||
Margaret of Babenberg | Leopold VI, Duke of Austria (Babenberg) | 1204 | 29 November 1225 | 23 March 1227 | never Empress | 4 July 1235 husband dethroned; 12 February 1242 husband's death | 29 October 1266 | Henry (VII) | |
Elisabeth of Bavaria | Otto II, Duke of Bavaria (Wittelsbach) | 1227 | 1 September 1246 | never Empress | 21 May 1254 husband's death | 9 October 1273 | Conrad IV | ||
Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Queen | Became Empress | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Queen | Became Empress | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gertrude of Hohenberg | Burchard V, Count of Hohenberg | 1225 | 1245 | 29 September 1273 | never Empress | 16 February 1281 | Rudolf I | ||
Isabelle of Burgundy | Hugh IV, Duke of Burgundy | c. 1270 | 6 February 1284 | never Empress | 15 July 1291 husband's death | c. 1323 | |||
Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Queen | Became Empress | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Queen | Became Empress | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Imagina of Isenburg-Limburg | Gerlach IV of Isenburg-Limburg (Isenburg-Limburg) | 1259 | 1271 | 5 May 1292 | never Empress | 23 June 1298 | 29 September 1313 | Adolph I | |
Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Queen | Became Empress | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Queen | Became Empress | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Elisabeth of Tirol | Meinhard, Duke of Carinthia | c. 1262 | 20 December 1274 | 27 July 1298 | never Empress | 1 May 1308 | 28 October 1312 | Albert I | |
Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Queen | Became Empress | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Queen | Became Empress | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Margaret of Brabant | John I, Duke of Brabant (Leuven) | 4 October 1276 | 9 July 1292 | 27 November 1308 husband's accession | never Empress | 14 December 1311 | Henry VII | ||
Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Queen | Became Empress | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Queen | Became Empress | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Isabella of Aragon | James II of Aragon (Barcelona) | 1305 | 11 May 1315 | 19 October 1315 husband's election (in opposition)/ 5 September 1325 husband recognised as co-King | never Empress | 28 September 1322 husband abandons claim/ 13 January 1330 husband's death | 12 July 1330 | Frederick the Handsome | |
Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Queen | Became Empress | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Queen | Became Empress | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Beatrix of Świdnica | Bolko I, Duke of Świdnica | 1290 | 1308 | 20 October 1314 husband's election | never Empress | 24 August 1322 | Louis IV | ||
Margaret, Countess of Hainaut | William of Avesnes, Count of Hainaut | 1311 | 26 February 1324 | January 1328 | 11 October 1347 | 23 June 1356 | |||
Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Queen | Became Empress | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Queen | Became Empress | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Blanche of Valois | Charles of Valois | 1316 | May 1329 | 11 July 1346 husband's election (in opposition) | never Empress | 1 August 1348 | Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor | ||
Anne of Bavaria | Rudolf II, Duke of Bavaria (Wittelsbach) | 26 September 1329 | 4 March 1349 | 17 June 1349 husband's election (without opposition) | never Empress | 2 February 1353 | |||
Anna of Świdnica | Henry II, Duke of Świdnica | c. 1339 | 27 May 1353 | 5 April 1355 coronation with husband | 11 July 1362 | ||||
Elizabeth of Pomerania | Bogislaw V, Duke of Pomerania | 1347 | 21 May 1363 | 1 November 1368 coronation | 29 November 1378 husband's death | 14 February 1393 | |||
Joanna of Bavaria | Albert I, Duke of Bavaria (Wittelsbach) | c. 1362 | 29 September 1370 | 10 June 1376 | never Empress | 31 December 1386 | Wenceslaus, King of the Romans | ||
Sophia of Bavaria | John II, Duke of Bavaria (Wittelsbach) | 1376 | 2 May 1389 | never Empress | 20 August 1400 husband's deposition | 26 September 1425 | |||
In 1378, Charles IV appointed the Dauphin of France as the permanent Imperial vicar of the Kingdom of Arles. The kingdom was only notional by then. | |||||||||
Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Queen | Became Empress | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
Image | Name | Father | Born | Married | Became Countess | Ceased to be Countess | Died | Spouse |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ermentrude of Roucy [3] | Renaud of Roucy | ? | 982 | 995 husband's accession | 5 March 1002/1005 | Otto-William, Count of Burgundy | ||
Adelaide-Blanche of Anjou | 947 | 1016 | 29 May 1026 | |||||
Alice of Normandy | Richard II, Duke of Normandy | ? | 1 September 1016 | 21 September 1026 husband's accession | 7/27 July 1037 | Renaud I | ||
Stephanie | ? | 1049/1057 | 3 September 1057 husband's accession | 12 November 1087 husband's death | after 1088 | William I | ||
Regina of Oltingen | Cuno, Count of Oltingen | ? | ? | 12 November 1087 husband's accession | 1097 husband's death | after 1107 | Renaud II | |
Beatrice of Lorraine | Gerard, Duke of Lorraine | ? | 1090 | 12 November 1087 husband's accession | 18 May 1102 husband's death | 1102/17 | Stephen I | |
Agatha of Lorraine | Simon I, Duke of Lorraine | 1164/70 | 1130 | April 1147 | Renaud III | |||
Image | Name | Father | Born | Married | Became Countess | Ceased to be Countess | Died | Spouse |
Image | Name | Father | Born | Married | Became Countess | Ceased to be Countess | Died | Spouse |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Margaret of Blois | Theobald V, Count of Blois | 1164/70 | 1190 | 13 January 1200 husband's death | 12 July 1230 | Otto I | ||
Image | Name | Father | Born | Married | Became Countess | Ceased to be Countess | Died | Spouse |
Image | Name | Father | Born | Married | Became Countess | Ceased to be Countess | Died | Spouse |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Elisabeth of Tirol | Albert IV, Count of Tyrol | 1220/25 | 1239 | 19 June 1248 husband's death | 10 October 1256 | Otto III | ||
Image | Name | Father | Born | Married | Became Countess | Ceased to be Countess | Died | Spouse |
Image | Name | Father | Born | Married | Became Countess | Ceased to be Countess | Died | Spouse |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Philippa of Bar | Theobald II, Count of Bar (Montbelliard) | 1270 | 1263/71 | 8 March 1279 husband's accession | 1283/90 | Otto IV | ||
Mahaut of Artois | Robert II, Count of Artois (Artois) | 1270 | 1291 | 26 March 1303 husband's death | 27 November 1329 | |||
Image | Name | Father | Born | Married | Became Countess | Ceased to be Countess | Died | Spouse |
Image | Name | Father | Born | Married | Became Countess | Ceased to be Countess | Died | Spouse |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Margaret III, Countess of Flanders [3] [4] | Louis II of Flanders (Dampierre) | 13 April 1350 | 14 May 1357 | 21 November 1361 husband's death | 16/21 March 1405 | Philip III | ||
Image | Name | Father | Born | Married | Became Countess | Ceased to be Countess | Died | Spouse |
Image | Name | Father | Born | Married | Became Countess | Ceased to be Countess | Died | Spouse | Arms |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Margaret of Bavaria [3] [5] [4] [6] [7] | Albert I, Duke of Bavaria (Wittelsbach) | 1363 | 12 April 1385 | 16/21 March 1405 husband's accession | 10 September 1419 husband's death | 23 January 1423 | John I | ||
Michelle of Valois [3] [5] [4] [7] | Charles VI of France (Valois) | 11 January 1395 | June 1409 | 10 September 1419 husband's accession | 8 July 1422 | Philip V | |||
Bonne of Artois [3] [5] [4] [7] | Philip of Artois, Count of Eu (Artois) | 1396 | 30 November 1424 | 17 September 1425 | |||||
Isabella of Portugal [3] [5] [4] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] | John I of Portugal (Aviz) | 21 February 1397 | 7 January 1430 | 15 July 1467 husband's death | 17 December 1471 | ||||
Margaret of York [3] [5] [4] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [17] [18] [16] | Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York (Plantagenet) | 3 May 1446 | 9 July 1468 | 5 January 1477 husband's death | 23 November 1503 | Charles I | |||
Image | Name | Father | Born | Married | Became Countess | Ceased to be Countess | Died | Spouse | Arms |
In 1678 the County of Burgundy was annexed by France as part of the Treaty of Nijmegen, and the title fell into abeyance.
The first margrave (marchio), later duke (dux), of Burgundy was Richard of the House of Ardennes, whose duchy was created from the merging of several regional counties of the kingdom of Provence which had belonged to his brother Boso.
His descendants and their relatives by marriage ruled the duchy until its annexation over a century later by the French crown, their suzerain.
Image | Name | Father | Born | Married | Became Duchess | Ceased to be Duchess | Died | Spouse |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adelaide of Auxerre | Conrad II, Count of Auxerre (Elder Welfs) | c. 849 | c. 888 | 1 September 921 husband's death | c. 929 | Richard I | ||
Emma of France | Robert I, King of the West Franks (Robertians) | 894 | 910/914/921 | 1 September 921 husband's accession | 13 July 923 husband's abdication as Duke and accession as King of the Franks | 2 November 934 | Rudolph I | |
Image | Name | Father | Born | Married | Became Duchess | Ceased to be Duchess | Died | Spouse |
Image | Name | Father | Born | Married | Became Duchess | Ceased to be Duchess | Died | Spouse |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ermengard of Burgundy | Richard I (Bosonids) | ? | 938 | 17 December 952 husband's accession | 8 April 956 husband's death | ? | Gilbert | |
Liutgard of Burgundy | Gilbert | ? | Easter 955 | 8 April 956 husband's accession | 22 February 965 husband's death | ? | Otto | |
Gerberga | Unknown or Lambert I, Count of Chalon | ? | 973/5 | 11 December 986/991 | Odo-Henry | |||
Gersenda of Gascony | William II, Duke of Gascony | ? | June 992 | 996 divorce or death | ? | |||
Ermentrude de Roucy [3] | Renaud de Roucy, Count of Rheims (Ardennes-Metz) | 958 | 982 | 15 October 1002 husband's accession | 5 March 1002/1005 | Otto-William | ||
Image | Name | Father | Born | Married | Became Duchess | Ceased to be Duchess | Died | Spouse |
In 1004, Burgundy was annexed by the king, of the House of Capet. Otto II William continued to rule what would come to be called the Free County of Burgundy. His descendants formed another House of Ivrea.
Image | Name | Father | Born | Married | Became Duchess | Ceased to be Duchess | Died | Spouse |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Constance of Arles | William I, Count of Provence (Arles) | 986 | 1003 | 1004 husband's accession | 1016 husband's death | 25 July 1034 | Robert the Pious | |
Image | Name | Father | Born | Married | Became Duchess | Ceased to be Duchess | Died | Spouse |
Robert, son of Robert II of France, received the Duchy as a peace settlement, having disputed the succession to the throne of France with his brother Henry.
John II of France, the second Valois king, successfully claimed the Duchy after the death of Philip, the last Capet duke. John then passed the duchy to his younger son Philip as an apanage.
Image | Name | Father | Born | Married | Became Duchess | Ceased to be Duchess | Died | Spouse | Arms |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Margaret III of Flanders [5] [21] | Louis II of Flanders (Dampierre) | 13 April 1350 | 19 June 1369 | 27 April 1404 husband's death | 16/21 March 1405 | Philip II | |||
Margaret of Bavaria [5] [20] [4] [6] [7] | Albert I, Duke of Bavaria (Wittelsbach) | 1363 | 12 April 1385 | 27 April 1404 husband's accession | 10 September 1419 husband's death | 23 January 1423 | John II | ||
Michelle of Valois [5] [20] [4] [7] | Charles VI of France (Valois) | 11 January 1395 | June 1409 | 10 September 1419 husband's accession | 8 July 1422 | Philip III | |||
Bonne of Artois [5] [20] [4] [7] | Philip of Artois, Count of Eu (Artois) | 1396 | 30 November 1424 | 17 September 1425 | |||||
Isabella of Portugal [5] [20] [4] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] | John I of Portugal (Aviz) | 21 February 1397 | 7 January 1430 | 15 July 1467 husband's death | 17 December 1471 | ||||
Margaret of York [5] [20] [4] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [17] [18] [16] | Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York (Plantagenet) | 3 May 1446 | 9 July 1468 | 5 January 1477 husband's death | 23 November 1503 | Charles I | |||
Image | Name | Father | Born | Married | Became Duchess | Ceased to be Duchess | Died | Spouse | Arms |
In 1477, the territory of the Duchy of Burgundy was annexed by France. In the same year, Mary married Maximilian, Archduke of Austria, giving the Habsburgs control of the remainder of the Burgundian Inheritance.
Although the territory of the Duchy of Burgundy itself remained in the hands of France, the Habsburgs remained in control of the title of Duke of Burgundy and the other parts of the Burgundian inheritance, notably the Low Countries and the Free County of Burgundy in the Holy Roman Empire. They often used the term Burgundy to refer to it (e.g. in the name of the Imperial Circle it was grouped into), until the late 18th century, when the Austrian Netherlands were lost to French Republic. The Habsburgs also continued to claim Burgundy proper until the Treaty of Cambrai in 1529, when they surrendered their claim in exchange for French recognition of Imperial sovereignty over Flanders and Artois.
The Duchy of Lorraine, originally Upper Lorraine, was a duchy now included in the larger present-day region of Lorraine in northeastern France. Its capital was Nancy.
Duke of Burgundy was a title used by the rulers of the Duchy of Burgundy, from its establishment in 843 to its annexation by the French crown in 1477, and later by members of the House of Habsburg, including Holy Roman Emperors and kings of Spain, who claimed Burgundy proper and ruled the Burgundian Netherlands.
The Treaty of Mersen or Meerssen, concluded on 8 August 870, was a treaty to partition the realm of Lothair II, known as Lotharingia, by his uncles Louis the German of East Francia and Charles the Bald of West Francia, the two surviving sons of Emperor Louis I the Pious. The treaty followed an earlier treaty of Prüm which had split Middle Francia between Lothair I's sons after his death in 855.
The Free County of Burgundy was a medieval feudal state ruled by a count from 982 to 1678. It was also known as Franche-Comté, from French: franc comte meaning 'free count', and was located in the modern region of Franche-Comté. It bordered the Duchy of Burgundy to the west, which was part of France from 843.
The Duchy of Burgundy emerged in the 9th century as one of the successors of the ancient Kingdom of the Burgundians, which after its conquest in 532 had formed a constituent part of the Frankish Empire. Upon the 9th-century partitions, the French remnants of the Burgundian kingdom were reduced to a ducal rank by King Robert II of France in 1004. Robert II's son and heir, King Henry I of France, inherited the duchy but ceded it to his younger brother Robert in 1032.
Margaret III was a ruling Countess of Flanders, Countess of Artois, and Countess of Auvergne and Boulogne between 1384 and 1405. She was the last Countess of Flanders of the House of Dampierre.
The County of Artois was a historic province of the Kingdom of France, held by the Dukes of Burgundy from 1384 until 1477/82, and a state of the Holy Roman Empire from 1493 until 1659.
In the history of the Low Countries, the Burgundian Netherlands or the Burgundian Age is the period between 1384 and 1482, during which a growing part of the Low Countries was ruled by the Dukes of Burgundy. Within their Burgundian State, which itself belonged partly to the Holy Roman Empire and partly to the Kingdom of France, the dukes united these lowlands into a political union that went beyond a personal union as it gained central institutions for the first time.
The Spanish Netherlands was the Habsburg Netherlands ruled by the Spanish branch of the Habsburgs from 1556 to 1714. They were a collection of States of the Holy Roman Empire in the Low Countries held in personal union by the Spanish Crown. This region comprised most of the modern states of Belgium and Luxembourg, as well as parts of northern France, the southern Netherlands, and western Germany, with the capital being Brussels. The Army of Flanders was given the task of defending the territory.
The Burgundian Circle was an Imperial Circle of the Holy Roman Empire created in 1512 and significantly enlarged in 1548. In addition to the Free County of Burgundy, the Burgundian Circle roughly covered the Low Countries, i.e., the areas now known as the Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg and adjacent parts in the French administrative region of Nord-Pas-de-Calais. For most of its history, its lands were coterminous with the holdings of the Spanish Habsburgs in the Empire.
Kingdom of Burgundy was a name given to various states located in Western Europe during the Middle Ages. The historical Burgundy correlates with the border area of France and Switzerland and includes the major modern cities of Geneva and Lyon.
The Kingdom of Burgundy, known from the 12th century as the Kingdom of Arles, also referred to in various context as Arelat, the Kingdom of Arles and Vienne, or Kingdom of Burgundy-Provence, was a realm established in 933 by the merger of the kingdoms of Upper and Lower Burgundy under King Rudolf II. It was incorporated into the Holy Roman Empire in 1033 and from then on was one of the empire's three constituent realms, together with the Kingdom of Germany and the Kingdom of Italy. By the mid-13th century at the latest, however, it had lost its concrete political relevance.
The Kingdom of Upper Burgundy was a Frankish dominion established in 888 by the Welf king Rudolph I of Burgundy within the territory of former Middle Francia. It grew out of the Carolingian margraviate of Transjurane Burgundy southeast of the Jura Mountains together with the adjacent County of Burgundy (Franche-Comté) in the northwest. The adjective 'upper' refers to its location upstream in the Rhône river valley, as distinct from Lower Burgundy and also from the Duchy of Burgundy west of the Saône river. Upper Burgundy reunited with the Kingdom of Lower Burgundy in 933 to form the Kingdom of Burgundy, later known as Kingdom of Arles or Arelat.
The House of Valois-Burgundy, or the Younger House of Burgundy, was a noble French family deriving from the royal House of Valois. The Valois-Burgundy family ruled the Duchy of Burgundy from 1363 to 1482 and eventually came to rule vast lands including Artois, Flanders, Luxembourg, Hainault, the county palatine of Burgundy (Franche-Comté), and other lands through marriage, forming what is now known as the Burgundian State.
The Treaty of Senlis concerning the Burgundian succession was signed at Senlis, Oise on 23 May 1493 between Maximilian I of Habsburg and his son Philip "the Handsome", Archduke of Austria, and King Charles VIII of France.
Habsburg Netherlands was the Renaissance period fiefs in the Low Countries held by the Holy Roman Empire's House of Habsburg. The rule began in 1482, when the last Valois-Burgundy ruler of the Netherlands, Mary, wife of Maximilian I of Austria, died. Their grandson, Emperor Charles V, was born in the Habsburg Netherlands and made Brussels one of his capitals.
This article describes the process by which metropolitan France - that part of France that is located in Europe, excluding its various overseas territories - came to consist of the territory it does today. Its current borders date from 1947.
The Burgundian State is a concept coined by historians to describe the vast complex of territories that is also referred to as Valois Burgundy.