List of English-language expressions related to death

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This is a list of words and phrases related to death in alphabetical order. While some of them are slang, others euphemize the unpleasantness of the subject, or are used in formal contexts. Some of the phrases may carry the meaning of 'kill', or simply contain words related to death. Most of them are idioms.

ExpressionDefinitionContextNotes
At peace [1] Dead Euphemistic
At rest [1] Dead Polite
Augered inDied via aircraft crashSlangAs documented in The Right Stuff by Tom Wolfe
Belly up [1] DeadInformalThe orientation of fish when dead
Beyond the grave [1] After deathNeutralIn reference to communication with the dead
Beyond the veil [2] The mysterious place after deathNeutralOriginally used to refer to the 'veil' that hides the innermost sanctuary of the Temple in Jerusalem. Sometimes refers to just a mysterious place.
Big sleep [2] To die or be killed Euphemistic Could be in reference to Raymond Chandler's 'The Big Sleep'
Bite the dust [2] To die or be killedInformalAlso means 'failed'
Bite the big one [2] To dieInformal North American.
Born asleepStillbirthNeutral
Breathe one's last [1] To die Literary
Brown bread [3] DeadSlang Cockney rhyming slang for 'dead'.
Bought the farm [2] DiedSlangAlso, shortened to 'bought it'
Bucket listList of things to do before dyingPopular culture derivationDerived from the older phrase "kick the bucket"; popularized by the 2007 film The Bucket List
Cargo 200 Corpses of soldiers Military slang Military code word used in the Soviet Union and the post-Soviet states referring to the transportation of military casualties
Cark-it [4] To dieInformal, another version of 'croaked it'; common in UK, Ireland, Australia & New ZealandThe guy was running, had a heart attack and carked it.
Cash in one's chips [2] To dieInformal, euphemistic [5] Redemption for cash of gambling counters at the end of a game
Catching the bus [6] To commit suicideSlangOriginated from the Usenet newsgroup alt.suicide.holiday
Charon Ferryman of Hades NeutralCrosses the rivers Styx and Acheron which divide the world of the living from the world of the dead
Check outTo dieEuphemism
Choir InvisibleTo die Humorous British. "Join the choir invisible" Monty Python Dead Parrot Sketch.
Come to a sticky end [1] To die in a way that is considered unpleasant Humorous British. Also 'to meet a sticky end'.
Counting worms [5] Dead Euphemistic
Croak [7] To die Slang
Crossed the JordanDiedBiblical/RevivalistThe deceased has entered the Promised Land (i.e. Heaven)
CurtainsDeathTheatricalThe final curtain at a dramatic performance
Dead as a dodo [2] DeadInformalThe 'dodo', flightless bird from the island of Mauritius hunted to extinction
Dead as a doornail [1] Obviously deadInformal Charles Dickens used this phrase at the beginning of A Christmas Carol .
Death by misadventure Avoidable deathFormal/legalDeath resulting from risk-taking
DecapitationThe act of killing by removing a person's head, usually with an axe or other bladed instrumentA much-favoured method of execution used around the world. Notable examples include the French Revolution via guillotine, and the Tudor times using an axe.
DeletedMurderedLiterary
Defenestration The act of killing by throwing a person out of a window
Departed [1] To dieNeutral
DestroyedTo dieNeutralUsually refers to the humane killing of an animal
Die in a holeTo dieSlangUsually used when annoyed at someone
Die with one's boots onTo die while able, or during activity, as opposed to in infirmity or while asleep. Euphemistic Old West usage: To die in a gunfight, as with the film They Died with Their Boots On . Also connotes dying in combat. British; cf. Iron Maiden's Die With Your Boots On .

Didn't make itKilled in action (see below)Euphemistic
Done for [1] About to dieNeutral
Drop dead [1] Die suddenlyNeutralalso slang aggressive dismissal
Dropping like flies [8] Dying in droves Simile also falling ill in numbers
Entered the homeland1950s Grave England Euphemistic
ErasedMurderedLiterary
Euthanasia Assisted suicideFormal
ExpireNatural endNeutral
ExterminateKillDirectiveExclaimed by Daleks (from Doctor Who ) when ordered to kill
ExtinctWhen a species as a whole ceases to existFormal
Fading away [1] To be weakening and close to deathNeutralAlso to be 'fading fast'
Fall off one's perch [9] To dieInformal
Fall off the toilet To die, often in an untimely or unexpected mannerInformal
Food for worms [2] Someone who is deadSlangAlso 'worm food'
FratricideMurder among siblingsFormal
Free one's horsesTo dieNeutral
Game endTo killInformal
Genocide To completely exterminate all of a kindFormal
Get smokedTo be killedSlang
Give up the ghost [2] To dieInformalThe soul leaving the body
Glue factoryTo dieNeutralUsually refers to the death of a horse
Gone to a better place [10] To die Euphemistic Heaven
Go over the Big Ridge [11] To dieUnknown
Go bung [2] To dieInformal Australian. Also means 'to fail' or 'to go bankrupt'.
Go for a Burton To die/break irreparablyInformalBritish, from WWII.
Go to Davy Jones's locker [2] To drown or otherwise die at sea Euphemistic Peregrine Pickle describes Davy Jones as 'the fiend that presides over all the evil spirits of the deep'.
Go to the big [place] in the skyTo die and go to heavenInformalA place in the afterlife paralleling the deceased's life, such as "Big ranch in the sky". [12]
Go home in a box [13] To be shipped to one's birthplace, dead Slang, euphemistic [5]
Go out with one's boots on/with a bang/in styleTo die while doing something enjoyedInformal
Go to, or head for, the last roundup [11] To dieEuphemisticAssociated with dying cowboys, along with "Going to that big ranch in the sky."
Go to one's reward [2] To die Euphemistic Final reckoning, just deserts after death
Go to one's watery grave [1] To die of drowning Literary
Go to a Texas cakewalk [11] To be hangedUnknown
Go the way of all flesh [2] To dieNeutral
Go west [2] To be killed or lostInformalRefers to the sun setting at the west.
The Grim Reaper [2] Personification of death Cultural A skeleton with a scythe, often in a cloak. Also commonly truncated to just "The Reaper".
Hand in one's dinner pail [2] To dieInformalNo longer required at workmen's canteen
Happy hunting groundDeadInformalUsed to describe the afterlife according to Native Americans
Hara-kiri(Ritual) suicide by disembowelmentJapaneseSee Seppuku. Often misspelled as Hari-kari.
Have one foot in the grave [2] To be close to death because of illness or ageInformal, sometimes humorous
HistoryDeadInformalUsually interpreted as "to be history."
(Get) Hit by a busTo die suddenly and prematurelyInformal
Hop on the last rattler [5] To die Euphemistic "Rattler" is a slang expression for a freight train.
Hop the twig [2] To dieInformalAlso 'to hop the stick'. Pagan belief that to jump a stick on the ground leads to the Afterworld.
In Abraham's bosom [2] In heavenNeutralFrom the Holy Bible, Luke 16:22.
It's clippedTo die/be killedSlangNew York Slang for saying something is over.
Join the choir invisible [14] To dieNeutralFrom an 1867 poem by George Eliot. Referenced in the Monty Python Dead Parrot Sketch, also see Choir Invisible.
Join the great majority [2] To die Euphemistic First used by Edward Young, but the phrase 'the majority' is extremely old.
Justifiable homicide HomicideFormalA deliberate homicide that is not a criminal act because the surrounding circumstances justified the use of deadly force. Defending oneself against a deadly attack, for example, or conducting a legally ordered execution.
Kermit (suicide)To commit suicide, usually via falling from a great height Humorous Originated from a remixed video of Kermit the Frog from Sesame Street and a Kermit the Frog doll falling off a building. [15]
Kick the bucket [2] To dieInformalIn suicidal hanging. [16] Also 'kick off' (American). [1]
Killed In Action (KIA)Death of military personnel due to enemy actionMilitary language, official and informal use
King of Terrors [2] Personification of deathNeutralOf Biblical origin, found in Job 18:14 Also refers to death itself
Late [17] Used to refer to the recently dead [17] Euphemism [17]
Lay wasteTo killslang
Lights outTo dieSlangGoing into Eternal Oblivion
LiquidationTo be killedEuphemismUsually used in political context (such as purges), implies dehumanization.
Lose one's life [1] To die in an accident or violent eventNeutral
Make the ultimate sacrifice [1] To die while fighting for a causeFormalAlso 'make the supreme sacrifice'
Matricide Mother murderedFormal
Meet one's maker [2] To die Euphemistic According to Christian belief, soul meets God for final judgment
Not long for this world [1] Will die soon; have little time left to liveOld-fashioned
Not with us anymoreDead Euphemistic
Off on a boat [5] To die Euphemistic Viking
Off the hooks [2] DeadInformal British. Not to be confused with 'off the hook' (no longer in trouble).
On one's deathbed [1] DyingNeutral
On one's last legs [2] About to dieInformal
On the wrong side of the grassDeadEuphemistic slangRefers to the practice of burying the dead. Such individuals are below the grass as opposed to above it, hence being on the "wrong side".
One's hour has come [1] About to die Literary
One's number is up [1] One is going to die Slang
OofedTo dieHumorousPopularized from the video game Roblox; likely invented to circumvent in-game chat filters. When referring to suicide, one may "oof themselves".
Pass away [1] To dieEuphemism; politeAlso 'to pass on'
Pass in one's alley [2] To dieInformal Australian
Patricide Father murderedFormal
Pay the ultimate price [1] To die for a cause or principleNeutralSimilar to "To make the ultimate sacrifice"
Peg out [1] To die Slang British. Also means 'to stop working'
PerishEuphemism for deathNeutral
Pop one's clogs [2] To die Humorous, [1] Informal [2] British. "Pop" is English slang for "pawn." A 19th-century working man might tell his family to take his clothes to the pawn shop to pay for his funeral, with his clogs among the most valuable items.
Promoted to Glory Death of a Salvationist FormalSalvation Army terminology.
Pull the plug [2] To kill, or allow to dieEuphemismRemoval of life support, such as turning off the power, or "pull the plug" on a ventilator keeping someone alive.
Push up daisies [2] To have died and be buried under the ground Humorous, [1] Euphemistic [5] Early 20th century—also 'under the daisies', and 'turn one's toes up to the daisies', which date back to the mid-19th century. (See 'to turn up one's toes' below.)
Put down/put to sleepTo be euthanisedEuphemismEuthanasia of an animal
Put one to the swordTo kill someone Literary
Rainbow BridgeDeadEuphemismUsually referring to the death of a pet, e.g. "Crossing the Rainbow Bridge."
Reset characterTo dieEuphemistic slangRefers to video games where "resetting one's character" involves deliberately killing them and letting them respawn or load from a save.
Ride the pale horse [5] To die Euphemistic In the Biblical passage Revelation 6:8, a pale horse is ridden by Death, one of the Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse. The expression "behold a pale horse" has been used as the title of a 1964 film by Fred Zinnemann and a 1991 book by ufologist William Milton Cooper.
Run one throughTo kill someone, usually by stabbingEuphemism
Send one to Eternity or to the Promised LandTo kill someone Literary
Send (or go) to the farmTo dieEuphemismUsually referring to the death of a pet, especially if the owners are parents of young children e.g. "The dog was sent to a farm."
Shuffle off this mortal coil [1] To die Humorous, Literary [2] From the To be, or not to be soliloquy from Shakespeare's Hamlet .
Six feet under [2] DeadInformalSix feet is the traditional depth of a grave
Sleeping with the fishesMurdered, then disposed of in water.SlangPopularized by The Godfather
Slipped awayTo die peacefullySlangPossibly originated from the poem "Death is Nothing at All" written by Reverend Henry Scott Holland in 1910 following the death of King Edward VII.
Step offTo dieInformal, euphemisticCharacter Ron Birdwell in the movie The Late Show (1977): "I'm always sorry to hear any of God's creatures stepping off."
Struck down [1] To be killed by an illnessNeutralUsually passive
Suicide To take one's own lifeFormal
Swim with concrete shoesGangster murderSlang
Take a dirt nap [18] To die and be buried Slang
Take a last bow [5] To dieSlang
Take one's own lifeTo commit suicide Euphemism
Take/took the easy way out [19] To commit suicide Euphemism Based on the original meaning of the phrase of taking the path of least resistance.
Take the last train to glory [2] To die Euphemism An idiom Christian in origin.
Tango Uniform [ citation needed ]Dead, irreversibly broken Military slang This is "T.U." in the NATO phonetic alphabet, an abbreviation for Tits Up (which is itself an euphemism for an airplane crash).
Terminate; especially, terminate with extreme prejudice To kill; especially when carrying out an assassination as part of a covert operation.Euphemism; military slangOriginated during the Vietnam War; later popularized by the films Apocalypse Now and The Terminator
The Big AdiosTo dieEuphemistic slangEx: "Live life to the fullest before the big Adios!"
To join the whisperersTo dieEuphemismFrom the television series Lost : the Whispers were voices of those who died, yet were unable to move on and therefore remained on the island as whispers
Turn up one's toes [2] To dieSlangAn alternative of 'turn one's toes up to the daisies' (see 'push up daisies' above.)
Unalive (also un-alive)To die, or to killEuphemistic slangA euphemism that developed in slang on social media, particularly TikTok, to avoid censorship of the words "kill" and "die."
Unsubscribe from lifeTo die Euphemistic 21st century slang
Waste [20] To killSlang
Wearing a pine overcoat (i.e. a wooden coffin)[ citation needed ]Dead Slang Idiom used by American gangsters of the early 20th century.
Worm food or worm baitDeadSlang

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 Oxford Dictionary of Idioms
  3. "Cockney Rhyming Slang".
  4. "Cark-it Meaning | Best 1 Definitions of Cark-it".
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Terry Deary, Horrible Histories: Wicked Words p. 52-53
  6. "The sordid history of the first sanctioned suicide forum". The Daily Dot. 2016-12-11. Retrieved 2022-04-26.
  7. "The Free Dictionary: Croak". The Free Dictionary.
  8. "The Free Dictionary: Drop like flies". The Free Dictionary.
  9. Michael McCarthy, Felicity O'Dell. English Idioms in Use. Cambridge University Press. p. 10. ISBN   0-521-78957-5.
  10. "Dead People Go To A Better Place". doorofhope.com. Archived from the original on July 24, 2008.
  11. 1 2 3 "How did the expression kick the bucket come about when someone dies?". EducationAsk.com.
  12. "Bevo XIII, longest-tenured Longhorns mascot, dies". ESPN. Associated Press. Oct 10, 2006.
  13. "The Free Dictionary: Go home in a box". The Free Dictionary.
  14. "Oh, may I join the Choir invisibleArion". The poems of George Eliot (Crowell, 1884).
  15. "I Am Going to Kermit Suicide". Know Your Meme. 27 May 2018. Retrieved 3 April 2022.
  16. Terry Deary, Horrible Histories: Wicked Words, p. 56
  17. 1 2 3 Holder, R. W. (2008). Dictionary of Euphemisms. Oxford University Press. p. 242. ISBN   978-0-19-9235179. Late: Usually in connection to someone recently deceased.
  18. "The Free Dictionary: Take a Dirt Nap". The Free Dictionary.
  19. "take the easy way out". TheFreeDictionary.com. Retrieved 2022-02-01.
  20. "Definition of WASTE". www.merriam-webster.com. Retrieved 2022-02-01.