List of citrus fruits

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This is a list of citrus fruits:

Contents

Common group names

Citrus species

Overview of citrus species
Common
name(s)
ImageTaxonomic
name/constituents
Notes
Bergamot orange Bergamotfruit.jpg Citrus bergamiaCitrus bergamia, the bergamot orange, is a fragrant citrus fruit the size of an orange, with a yellow or green colour similar to a lime, depending on ripeness. Genetic research into the ancestral origins of extant citrus cultivars found bergamot orange to be a probable hybrid of lemon and bitter orange.
Citron Citrus medicus fruit.jpg Citrus medicaA citrus fruit with a lot of variations.
Clymenia Fortunella polyandra 3.jpg
Desert lime CSIRO ScienceImage 3400 The Australian Outback Lime.jpg Citrus glaucaFound in lowland subtropical rainforest and dry rainforest areas of Queensland and New South Wales, Australia. Early settlers consumed the fruit and retained the trees when clearing for agriculture. Commercial uses include boutique marmalade and restaurant dishes, and is exported for such.
Finger lime Citrus australasica green fruit1.JPG Citrus australasicaThe finger lime has been recently popularised as a gourmet bushfood. Finger lime is thought to have the widest range of colour variation within any Citrus species.
Ginger lime
Adajamir
Ada-jamir.jpg Citrus assamensisNative to Assam and Bangladesh. It is locally cultivated for its fruit, which give a very sour juice with an aroma reminiscent of ginger or eucalyptus.
Hyuganatsu
Konatsu
Tosakonatsu
New Summer Orange
Hyuganatsu cut.jpg Citrus tamuranaHyuganatsu (Citrus tamurana, Japanese : 日向夏) is a citrus fruit and plant grown in Japan. The name comes from Hyūga, the ancient name of Miyazaki Prefecture in Kyushu, where the citrus is said to have originated, while "natsu" () means summer. Hyūganatsu grown outside Kyushu are sometimes shipped under different names such as Konatsu (小夏), Tosakonatsu (土佐小夏), or New Summer Orange (ニューサマーオレンジ).
Kabosu Kabosu.jpg Citrus sphaerocarpaA citrus fruit of an evergreen broad-leaf tree in the family Rutaceae. It is popular in Japan, where its juice is used to improve the taste of many dishes, especially cooked fish, sashimi, and hot pot dishes.
Kawachi Bankan Kawachi bankan 2 He Nei Wan Gan .jpg Citrus kawachiensisTwo varieties of Kawachi Bankan have been identified: one, a hybrid between the ujukitsu (seed parent, Citrus ujukitsu) and an unidentified species (pollen parent), and the other, a hybrid between the yuge-hyoukan (seed parent, Citrus yuge-hyokan) and an unidentified species (pollen parent).
Koji orange Manda.jpg Citrus leiocarpaAlso called smooth-fruited orange in English, is a Citrus species native to Japan.
Kumquat Quinotos.jpg Citrus japonicaHistorically also sometimes thought to be a part of its own Genus, called Fortunella.
Lemon Lemon - whole and split.jpg Citrus limonA species of small evergreen trees in the flowering plant family Rutaceae, native to Asia, primarily Northeast India (Assam), Northern Myanmar or China.
Mandarin orange
Mandarin
Mandarine
Mandarin Oranges (Citrus Reticulata).jpg Citrus reticulata
Mangshanyegan Citrus mangshanensis
Myrtle-leaved orange tree
Chinotto
Citrus myrtifolia 2.jpg Citrus myrtifoliaCitrus myrtifolia, the myrtle-leaved orange tree, is a species of Citrus with foliage similar to that of the common myrtle. It is a compact tree with small leaves and no thorns which grows to a height of 3 m (10 ft) and can be found in Malta, Libya, the south of France, and Italy (primarily in Liguria, typically Savona, and also in Tuscany, Sicily, and Calabria). It is an essential flavoring agent of most Italian amari, of the popular Campari apéritif, and of several brands of carbonated soft drinks that are generically called "chinotto".
Pomelo
Pummelo
Pommelo
Shaddock
Citrus grandis - Honey White.jpg Citrus maximaSometimes called Citrus grandis.
Round lime
Australian lime
Australian round lime
Citrus australis round fruit.jpg Citrus australisCitrus australis, the Dooja, round lime, or Australian round lime, is a large Australian lime shrub or small tree producing an edible fruit. It grows in forest margins in the Beenleigh area and northwards, in Queensland, Australia.
Satsuma
Cold hardy mandarin
Satsuma mandarin
Satsuma orange
Christmas orange
Tangerine
Citrus unshiu 20101127 c.jpg Citrus unshiuCitrus unshiu is a semi-seedless and easy-peeling citrus species.
Sudachi Sudachi.png Citrus sudachi
Tangerine TangerineFruit.jpg Citrus tangerina

Citron

Overview of citrons
Common
name(s)
ImageTaxonomic
name/constituents
Notes
Citron Citrus medicus fruit.jpg Citrus medica
Balady citron
Israel citron
Balady citron (Braverman cultivar).jpg Citrus medicaGrown in Israel and used for Jewish ritual purposes.
Buddha's hand
Bushukan
Fingered citron
Buddhas hand 2.jpg Citrus medica var. sarcodactylisBuddha's hand can be found in Northeast India as well as China.
Corsican citron Cedrat.jpg Citrus medica
Diamante citron YanoverEsrog.JPG Citrus medica var. diamante
Etrog Etrog without Pitom.jpg Citrus medica
Greek citron Ordang multi.JPG Citrus medica
Moroccan citron MoroccoEtrog.JPG Citrus medica
Pompia Pompia frutto aperto.jpg Citrus medica tuberosa

Clymenia

Overview of clymenias
Common
name(s)
ImageTaxonomic
name/constituents
Notes
Clymenia Clymenia sp.Clymenia is a small genus of flowering plants in the family Rutaceae with two species. The genus is often included in Citrus . Clymenia fruits are a small hesperidium, a citrus fruit. Sweet and lemony in flavor, the tangerine-sized fruits are highly segmented, with yellow pulp, and a leathery rind. They contain a large number of polyembryonic seeds.
Clymenia platypoda
B.C.Stone
Clymenia platypoda
Clymenia polyandra
(Tanaka) Swingle
Fortpolyandra.jpg Clymenia polyandra

Lime

Overview of limes
Common
name(s)
ImageTaxonomic
name/constituents
Notes
Lime Limes whole and halved.jpg
Desert lime CSIRO ScienceImage 3400 The Australian Outback Lime.jpg Citrus glaucaFound in lowland subtropical rainforest and dry rainforest areas of Queensland and New South Wales, Australia. Early settlers consumed the fruit and retained the trees when clearing for agriculture. Commercial uses include boutique marmalade and restaurant dishes, and is exported for such.
Finger lime Citrus australasica green fruit1.JPG Citrus australasicaThe finger lime has been recently popularised as a gourmet bushfood. Finger lime is thought to have the widest range of colour variation within any Citrus species.
Ginger lime
Adajamir
Ada-jamir.jpg Citrus assamensisCitrus assamensis, the adajamir or ginger lime, is a species of flowering plant in the family Rutaceae, native to Assam and Bangladesh. It is locally cultivated for its fruit, which give a very sour juice with an aroma reminiscent of ginger or eucalyptus.
Key lime Ripekeylime.jpg Citrus × aurantiifolia
Persian lime
Tahiti lime
Bearss lime
Limes.jpg Citrus × latifoliaThis lime is commonly dried to make a spice.

Mandarin

Overview of mandarins
Common
name(s)
ImageTaxonomic
name/constituents
Notes
Mandarin orange
Mandarin
Mandarine
Mandarin Oranges (Citrus Reticulata).jpg Citrus reticulata
Kanpei gyulgwa redeuhyang.jpg Citrus reticulata 'Kanpei'Kanpei, also known as Ehime queen splash, is a Citrus cultivar that originated in Japan. Kanpei was created by crossing the dekopon and nishinokaori varieties in 1991, although it was not officially introduced until August 2007.

Orange

Overview of oranges
Common
name(s)
ImageTaxonomic
name/constituents
Notes
Orange Oranges - whole-halved-segment.jpg
Bergamot orange Bergamotfruit.jpg Citrus bergamiaCitrus bergamia, the bergamot orange, is a fragrant citrus fruit the size of an orange, with a yellow or green colour similar to a lime, depending on ripeness. Genetic research into the ancestral origins of extant citrus cultivars found bergamot orange to be a probable hybrid of lemon and bitter orange.
Blood orange BloodOrange.jpg Citrus × sinensisThe blood orange, or raspberry orange, is a variety of sweet orange (Citrus × sinensis) with crimson, near blood-colored flesh. it is believed to be a cross between a sweet orange and a berry.
Bitter orange
Seville orange
Sour orange
Bigarade orange
Marmalade orange
Citrus aurantium.jpg Citrus × aurantium var amara
Koji orange Manda.jpg Citrus leiocarpa
Navel orange Citrus × sinensis
Sweet orange
Orange
OrangeBloss wb.jpg Citrus × sinensis

Papeda

Overview of papedas
Common
name(s)
ImageTaxonomic
name/constituents
Notes
Papeda Ichangfruit.jpg Papedas are a group of less palatable, slow-growing, hardy citrus native to Asia, formerly placed in the subgenus Papeda of the genus Citrus . The papeda group includes some of the most tropical, and also some of the most frost-tolerant citrus plants. They are cultivated far less often than other citrus, though they will all hybridize with other citrus.

This group contains about 15 species.

Ichang papeda Ichangfruit.jpg Citrus cavaleriei
Kaffir lime Citrus hystrix dsc07772.jpg Citrus hystrix

Other cultivars and hybrids

Overview of various citrus cultivars and hybrids
Common
name(s)
ImageTaxonomic
name/constituents
Notes
AmanatsuNatsumikan Citrus kawanonatsudaidai fruit.jpg Citrus natsudaidaiA group of cultivars of Citrus natsudaidai, which were discovered in 1740 in the Yamaguchi prefecture of Japan. Yellowish-orange in colour, about the size of grapefruit and oblate in shape. The fruit contains 12 segments and about 30 seeds. The natsumikan tree is believed to be genetically derived from the pomelo (Citrus maxima).
Calamondin
Calamansi
Mixed Calamondin-Calamansi.jpg × Citrofortunella mitisCalamansi, also known as calamondin, Philippine lime, or Philippine lemon, is an economically important citrus hybrid predominantly cultivated in the Philippines. It is native to the Philippines, Borneo, Sumatra, and Sulawesi in Indonesia in Southeast Asia, Malaysia as well as southern China and Taiwan in East Asia.
Cam sành Camsanh.jpg Citrus reticulata × maxima
Citrange Citrus sinensis × Poncirus trifoliata
Citrumelo × Citroncirus ssp.Citrumelo is also called Swingle citrumelo trifoliate hybrid, because it is cold hardy and is a hybrid between a 'Duncan' grapefruit and a trifoliate orange, developed by Walter Tennyson Swingle.
Clementine Clementines whole, peeled, half and sectioned.jpg Citrus × clementinaA clementine is a tangor, a citrus fruit hybrid between a willowleaf mandarin orange and a sweet orange, named in honour of Clément Rodier, a French missionary who first discovered and propagated the cultivar in Algeria. The exterior is a deep orange colour with a smooth, glossy appearance.
First Lady
Anadomikan
Iyokan on tree.jpg Citrus × iyo
Florentine citron Cedro da Fiorenza Volkamer 1708 124a.png Citrus × limonimedica
Grapefruit Citrus paradisi (Grapefruit, pink) white bg.jpg Citrus × paradisia cross between a pomelo and sweet orange.
Haruka haruka.JPG Citrus tamurana × natsudaidai
Hassaku Hassaku fruit and cross section.jpg Citrus × hassaku
Jabara Citrus jabara by OpenCage.jpg Citrus × jabara
Kobayashi mikan Orange de Mie 1.jpg Citrus natsudaidai × unshiu
Tsunonozomi Kiyomi × Encore
Lumia Castello, collezione degli agrumi 02.jpg Citrus × lumiaLumias represent several distinct citrus hybrids. Usually lumias are referred to as a citron hybrid, because of their size, thick peel and dryness of pulp.
Meyer lemon Meyer Lemon.jpg Citrus × meyeria cross between an orange and a lemon. This species tastes like lemon and has more juice.
Orangelo C.paradisi × C. sinensis
Oroblanco
Sweetie
Oroblanco (sweetie) fruits.jpg C. maxima × C. paradisiA sweet seedless citrus hybrid fruit (grapefruit × pomelo). Oroblanco was developed as a cross between a diploid acidless pomelo and a seedy white tetraploid grapefruit, resulting in a triploid seedless fruit that is less acidic and less bitter than the grapefruit.
Ponkan Ponkan tree in Florida.jpg Citrus poonensisPonkan (Citrus poonensis; "Chinese Honey Orange") is a high-yield sweet Citrus cultivar with large fruits in the size of an orange. It is a citrus hybrid (mandarin × pomelo), though it was once thought to be a pure mandarin.
Taiwan tangerine
Flat lemon
Hirami lemon
Thin-skinned flat lemon
Shikwasa-1.jpg Citrus × depressa
Tangelo
Honeybell
Minneola fruit 3.jpg C. reticulata × C. maxima or ×C. paradisi
Tangor Photo ortanique.JPG C. reticulata × C. sinensis
Jamaican tangelo Ugli.jpg C. reticulata × C. paradisi
Kinkoji unshiu C. obovoidea × C. unshiu
Kinnow Harvest Kinnow.jpg C. nobilis × C. deliciosa
Kiyomi Kiyomi.JPG Citrus unshiu × Citrus sinensisKiyomi (清見, kiyomi) ( Citrus unshiu × sinensis ) is a Japanese citrus fruit that is a hybrid of a Miyagawa Wase mikan and an orange.
Ponderosa lemon PonderosaLemon.jpg Citrus maxima × C. medica
Rangpur
Lemandarin
Rangpur limette.jpg Citrus × limonia
Shangjuan
Ichang lemon
Ichang-lemon-shanguyan.jpg Citrus cavaleriei × C. maxima
Shonan Gold Xiang Nan gorudo Jie Guo Zhuang Kuang 2.JPG Citrus flaviculpus hort. ex Tanaka (Ōgonkan) × Citrus unshiu
Sweet limetta
Mediterranean sweet lemon
Sweet lemon
Sweet lime
Citrus limetta.jpeg Citrus limetta (C. medica × C. × aurantium )Citrus limetta, alternatively considered to be a cultivar of Citrus limon , C. limon 'Limetta', is a species of citrus , commonly known as mousami, musami, sweet lime, sweet lemon, and sweet limetta, it is a member of the sweet lemons. It is small and round like a common lime in shape. It is a cross between the citron (Citrus medica) and a bitter orange (Citrus × aurantium).
Volkamer lemon Citrus volkameriana (C. medica × C. reticulata )Like the Rangpur lime and rough lemon, it is a hybrid of a mandarin orange (C. reticulata) and a citron (C. medica), with the citron being the pollen parent and the mandarin being the seed parent. The fruit is moderately large (around the size of an orange), seedy, round and slightly elongated, and yellow-orange in color.
Yukou Citrus yuukou3.jpg Citrus yukoThe yūkō (ゆうこう), also written yukou, is a Japanese citrus found in the Nagasaki Prefecture and Saga Prefecture of Japan. Genetic analysis has shown it to be a cross between the kishumikan and koji, a part-tachibana orange hybrid native to Japan.
Yuzu Yuzufruit.jpg Citrus cavaleriei × C. reticulataA unique Japanese citrus. It is commonly used to make tea and essential oil.

See also

Related Research Articles

<i>Citrus</i> Genus of flowering plants

Citrus is a genus of flowering trees and shrubs in the family Rutaceae. Plants in the genus produce citrus fruits, including important crops such as oranges, mandarins, lemons, grapefruits, pomelos, and limes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Calamansi</span> Hybrid species of citrus

Calamansi, also known as calamondin, Philippine lime, or Philippine lemon, is a citrus hybrid cultivated predominantly in the Philippines. It is native to the Philippines, parts of Indonesia, Malaysia, and Brunei, as well as parts of southern China and Taiwan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kaffir lime</span> Citrus fruit native to tropical Southeast Asia

Citrus hystrix, called the kaffir lime, Thai lime or makrut lime, is a citrus fruit native to tropical Southeast Asia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lime (fruit)</span> Citrus fruit

A lime is a citrus fruit, which is typically round, green in color, 3–6 centimetres (1.2–2.4 in) in diameter, and contains acidic juice vesicles.

<i>Citrus limetta</i> Citrus fruit and plant

Citrus limetta, alternatively considered to be a cultivar of Citrus limon, C. limon 'Limetta', is a species of citrus, commonly known as mousami, musami, mosambi, sweet lime, sweet lemon, and sweet limetta, it is a member of the sweet lemons. It is small and round like a common lime in shape. It is a cross between the citron and a bitter orange.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Persian lime</span> Species of fruit and plant

Persian lime, also known by other common names such as seedless lime, Bearss lime and Tahiti lime, is a citrus fruit species of hybrid origin, known only in cultivation. The Persian lime is a triploid cross between Key lime and lemon.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Key lime</span> Citrus fruit and plant

The Key lime or acid lime is a citrus hybrid native to tropical Southeast Asia. It has a spherical fruit, 2.5–5 centimetres in diameter. The Key lime is usually picked while it is still green, but it becomes yellow when ripe.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rangpur (fruit)</span> Species of fruit and plant

Rangpur, Citrus × limonia or Citrus reticulata × medica, sometimes called the rangpur lime, mandarin lime or lemandarin, is a hybrid between the mandarin orange and the citron. It is a citrus fruit with a very acidic taste and an orange peel and flesh.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Zest (ingredient)</span> Scraped skin of citrus fruit

Zest is a food ingredient that is prepared by scraping or cutting from the rind of unwaxed citrus fruits such as lemon, orange, citron, and lime. Zest is used to add flavor to foods.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sweet lemon</span> Index of plants with the same common name

Sweet lemon and sweet lime refer to groups of citrus hybrids that contain low acid pulp and juice. They are hybrids often similar to non-sweet lemons or limes, but with less citron parentage. Sweet limes and lemons are not sharply separated:

The sweet lime, Citrus limettioides Tan., is often confused with the sweet lemon, C. limetta Tan., which, in certain areas, is referred to as "sweet lime". In some of the literature, it is impossible to tell which fruit is under discussion.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Citrus reamer</span> Utensil to extract juice from citrus fruit

A citrus reamer, also known as a lemon reamer or simply a reamer, is a small kitchen utensil used to extract the juice from a lemon or other small citrus fruit.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Papeda (citrus)</span> Citrus fruit and plant

Papeda or papaeda is the common name for a group of Citrus species and varieties native to tropical Asia that are hardy and slow-growing, and produce unpalatable fruit. Walter Tennyson Swingle segregated these species into a separate subgenus, Papeda, that included the Ichang lemon, yuzu, kaffir lime, kabosu, sudachi, and a number of wild and uncultivated species and hybrids. Recent genetic analysis shows the papedas to be distributed among distinct branches of the Citrus phylogenetic tree, and hence Swingle's proposed subgenus is polyphyletic and not a valid taxonomic grouping, but the term persists as a common name.

The citrus industry in the Caribbean is a major one in the Caribbean. Citrus fruits consists of oranges, grapefruit, tangerines, limes, and lemons. The Caribbean countries which export citrus fruit are Belize, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, Guadeloupe, Dominica, Martinique & Trinidad and Tobago.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lemon</span> Yellow citrus fruit

The lemon is a species of small evergreen tree in the flowering plant family Rutaceae, native to Asia, primarily Northeast India (Assam), Northern Myanmar, and China.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lumia (citrus)</span> Citrus hybrid

The lumia is also called the pear lemon, since its shape resembles a pear. It is also called French lime and sometimes sweet lemon, even though it is not necessarily sweet.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Citrus taxonomy</span> Botanical classification of the genus Citrus

Citrus taxonomy refers to the botanical classification of the species, varieties, cultivars, and graft hybrids within the genus Citrus and related genera, found in cultivation and in the wild.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Palestinian sweet lime</span> Species of fruit and plant

Citrus limettioides, Palestinian sweet lime or Indian sweet lime or common sweet lime, alternatively considered a cultivar of Citrus × limon, C. × limon 'Indian Lime', is a low-acid lime used in Palestine for food, juice and rootstock. It is a member of the sweet limes. Like the Meyer lemon, it is the result of a cross between the citron and a mandarin/pomelo hybrid distinct from sweet and sour oranges.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Volkamer lemon</span> Species of plant

Volkamer lemon, often misspelled Volckamer lemon, is known as 沃 尔卡默柠檬 in Chinese, citron de Volkamer in French, limone Volkameriano in Italian, and chanh Volkamer in Vietnamese. It is a Citrus hybrid cultivated for its edible fruit. The specific epithet (volkameriana) honors German botanist Johann Christoph Volkamer. It is a taxonomical synonym of Citrus limon.