This is a list of citrus fruits:
Contents
- Common group names
- Citrus species
- Citron
- Clymenia
- Lime
- Mandarin
- Orange
- Papeda
- Other cultivars and hybrids
- See also
- External links
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This is a list of citrus fruits:
|
| Common name(s) | Image | Taxonomic name/constituents | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bergamot orange |  | Citrus bergamia | Citrus bergamia, the bergamot orange, is a fragrant citrus fruit the size of an orange, with a yellow or green colour similar to a lime, depending on ripeness. Genetic research into the ancestral origins of extant citrus cultivars found bergamot orange to be a probable hybrid of lemon and bitter orange. |
| Citron |  | Citrus medica | A citrus fruit with a lot of variations. |
| Clymenia |  | ||
| Desert lime |  | Citrus glauca | Found in lowland subtropical rainforest and dry rainforest areas of Queensland and New South Wales, Australia. Early settlers consumed the fruit and retained the trees when clearing for agriculture. Commercial uses include boutique marmalade and restaurant dishes, and is exported for such. |
| Finger lime |  | Citrus australasica | The finger lime has been recently popularised as a gourmet bushfood. Finger lime is thought to have the widest range of colour variation within any Citrus species. |
| Ginger lime Adajamir |  | Citrus assamensis | Native to Assam and Bangladesh. It is locally cultivated for its fruit, which give a very sour juice with an aroma reminiscent of ginger or eucalyptus. |
| Hyuganatsu Konatsu Tosakonatsu New Summer Orange |  | Citrus tamurana | Hyuganatsu (Citrus tamurana, Japanese : 日向夏) is a citrus fruit and plant grown in Japan. The name comes from Hyūga, the ancient name of Miyazaki Prefecture in Kyushu, where the citrus is said to have originated, while "natsu" (夏) means summer. Hyūganatsu grown outside Kyushu are sometimes shipped under different names such as Konatsu (小夏), Tosakonatsu (土佐小夏), or New Summer Orange (ニューサマーオレンジ). |
| Kabosu |  | Citrus sphaerocarpa | A citrus fruit of an evergreen broad-leaf tree in the family Rutaceae. It is popular in Japan, where its juice is used to improve the taste of many dishes, especially cooked fish, sashimi, and hot pot dishes. |
| Kawachi Bankan |  | Citrus kawachiensis | Two varieties of Kawachi Bankan have been identified: one, a hybrid between the ujukitsu (seed parent, Citrus ujukitsu) and an unidentified species (pollen parent), and the other, a hybrid between the yuge-hyoukan (seed parent, Citrus yuge-hyokan) and an unidentified species (pollen parent). |
| Koji orange |  | Citrus leiocarpa | Also called smooth-fruited orange in English, is a Citrus species native to Japan. |
| Kumquat |  | Citrus japonica | Historically also sometimes thought to be a part of its own Genus, called Fortunella. |
| Lemon |  | Citrus limon | A species of small evergreen trees in the flowering plant family Rutaceae, native to Asia, primarily Northeast India (Assam), Northern Myanmar or China. |
| Mandarin orange Mandarin Mandarine |  | Citrus reticulata | |
| Mangshanyegan | Citrus mangshanensis | ||
| Myrtle-leaved orange tree Chinotto |  | Citrus myrtifolia | Citrus myrtifolia, the myrtle-leaved orange tree, is a species of Citrus with foliage similar to that of the common myrtle. It is a compact tree with small leaves and no thorns which grows to a height of 3 m (10 ft) and can be found in Malta, Libya, the south of France, and Italy (primarily in Liguria, typically Savona, and also in Tuscany, Sicily, and Calabria). It is an essential flavoring agent of most Italian amari, of the popular Campari apéritif, and of several brands of carbonated soft drinks that are generically called "chinotto". |
| Pomelo Pummelo Pommelo Shaddock |  | Citrus maxima | Sometimes called Citrus grandis. |
| Round lime Australian lime Australian round lime |  | Citrus australis | Citrus australis, the Dooja, round lime, or Australian round lime, is a large Australian lime shrub or small tree producing an edible fruit. It grows in forest margins in the Beenleigh area and northwards, in Queensland, Australia. |
| Satsuma Cold hardy mandarin Satsuma mandarin Satsuma orange Christmas orange Tangerine |  | Citrus unshiu | Citrus unshiu is a semi-seedless and easy-peeling citrus species. |
| Sudachi |  | Citrus sudachi | |
| Tangerine |  | Citrus tangerina |
| Common name(s) | Image | Taxonomic name/constituents | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Citron | | Citrus medica | |
| Balady citron Israel citron |  | Citrus medica | Grown in Israel and used for Jewish ritual purposes. |
| Buddha's hand Bushukan Fingered citron |  | Citrus medica var. sarcodactylis | Buddha's hand can be found in Northeast India as well as China. |
| Corsican citron |  | Citrus medica | |
| Diamante citron |  | Citrus medica var. diamante | |
| Etrog |  | Citrus medica | |
| Greek citron |  | Citrus medica | |
| Moroccan citron |  | Citrus medica | |
| Pompia |  | Citrus medica tuberosa |
| Common name(s) | Image | Taxonomic name/constituents | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Clymenia | Clymenia sp. | Clymenia is a small genus of flowering plants in the family Rutaceae with two species. The genus is often included in Citrus . Clymenia fruits are a small hesperidium, a citrus fruit. Sweet and lemony in flavor, the tangerine-sized fruits are highly segmented, with yellow pulp, and a leathery rind. They contain a large number of polyembryonic seeds. | |
| Clymenia platypoda B.C.Stone | Clymenia platypoda | ||
| Clymenia polyandra (Tanaka) Swingle |  | Clymenia polyandra |
| Common name(s) | Image | Taxonomic name/constituents | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lime |  | ||
| Desert lime | | Citrus glauca | Found in lowland subtropical rainforest and dry rainforest areas of Queensland and New South Wales, Australia. Early settlers consumed the fruit and retained the trees when clearing for agriculture. Commercial uses include boutique marmalade and restaurant dishes, and is exported for such. |
| Finger lime | | Citrus australasica | The finger lime has been recently popularised as a gourmet bushfood. Finger lime is thought to have the widest range of colour variation within any Citrus species. |
| Ginger lime Adajamir | | Citrus assamensis | Citrus assamensis, the adajamir or ginger lime, is a species of flowering plant in the family Rutaceae, native to Assam and Bangladesh. It is locally cultivated for its fruit, which give a very sour juice with an aroma reminiscent of ginger or eucalyptus. |
| Key lime |  | Citrus × aurantiifolia | |
| Persian lime Tahiti lime Bearss lime |  | Citrus × latifolia | This lime is commonly dried to make a spice. |
| Common name(s) | Image | Taxonomic name/constituents | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mandarin orange Mandarin Mandarine | | Citrus reticulata | |
| Kanpei |  | Citrus reticulata 'Kanpei' | Kanpei, also known as Ehime queen splash, is a Citrus cultivar that originated in Japan. Kanpei was created by crossing the dekopon and nishinokaori varieties in 1991, although it was not officially introduced until August 2007. |
| Common name(s) | Image | Taxonomic name/constituents | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Orange |  | ||
| Bergamot orange | | Citrus bergamia | Citrus bergamia, the bergamot orange, is a fragrant citrus fruit the size of an orange, with a yellow or green colour similar to a lime, depending on ripeness. Genetic research into the ancestral origins of extant citrus cultivars found bergamot orange to be a probable hybrid of lemon and bitter orange. |
| Blood orange |  | Citrus × sinensis | The blood orange, or raspberry orange, is a variety of sweet orange (Citrus × sinensis) with crimson, near blood-colored flesh. it is believed to be a cross between a sweet orange and a berry. |
| Bitter orange Seville orange Sour orange Bigarade orange Marmalade orange |  | Citrus × aurantium var amara | |
| Koji orange | | Citrus leiocarpa | |
| Navel orange | Citrus × sinensis | ||
| Sweet orange Orange |  | Citrus × sinensis |
| Common name(s) | Image | Taxonomic name/constituents | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Papeda |  | Papedas are a group of less palatable, slow-growing, hardy citrus native to Asia, formerly placed in the subgenus Papeda of the genus Citrus . The papeda group includes some of the most tropical, and also some of the most frost-tolerant citrus plants. They are cultivated far less often than other citrus, though they will all hybridize with other citrus. This group contains about 15 species. | |
| Ichang papeda | | Citrus cavaleriei | |
| Kaffir lime |  | Citrus hystrix |
| Common name(s) | Image | Taxonomic name/constituents | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| AmanatsuNatsumikan |  | Citrus natsudaidai | A group of cultivars of Citrus natsudaidai, which were discovered in 1740 in the Yamaguchi prefecture of Japan. Yellowish-orange in colour, about the size of grapefruit and oblate in shape. The fruit contains 12 segments and about 30 seeds. The natsumikan tree is believed to be genetically derived from the pomelo (Citrus maxima). |
| Calamondin Calamansi |  | × Citrofortunella mitis | Calamansi, also known as calamondin, Philippine lime, or Philippine lemon, is an economically important citrus hybrid predominantly cultivated in the Philippines. It is native to the Philippines, Borneo, Sumatra, and Sulawesi in Indonesia in Southeast Asia, Malaysia as well as southern China and Taiwan in East Asia. |
| Cam sành |  | Citrus reticulata × maxima | |
| Citrange | Citrus sinensis × Poncirus trifoliata | ||
| Citrumelo | × Citroncirus ssp. | Citrumelo is also called Swingle citrumelo trifoliate hybrid, because it is cold hardy and is a hybrid between a 'Duncan' grapefruit and a trifoliate orange, developed by Walter Tennyson Swingle. | |
| Clementine |  | Citrus × clementina | A clementine is a tangor, a citrus fruit hybrid between a willowleaf mandarin orange and a sweet orange, named in honour of Clément Rodier, a French missionary who first discovered and propagated the cultivar in Algeria. The exterior is a deep orange colour with a smooth, glossy appearance. |
| First Lady Anadomikan |  | Citrus × iyo | |
| Florentine citron |  | Citrus × limonimedica | |
| Grapefruit |  | Citrus × paradisi | a cross between a pomelo and sweet orange. |
| Haruka |  | Citrus tamurana × natsudaidai | |
| Hassaku |  | Citrus × hassaku | |
| Jabara |  | Citrus × jabara | |
| Kobayashi mikan |  | Citrus natsudaidai × unshiu | |
| Tsunonozomi | Kiyomi × Encore | ||
| Lumia |  | Citrus × lumia | Lumias represent several distinct citrus hybrids. Usually lumias are referred to as a citron hybrid, because of their size, thick peel and dryness of pulp. |
| Meyer lemon |  | Citrus × meyeri | a cross between an orange and a lemon. This species tastes like lemon and has more juice. |
| Orangelo | C.paradisi × C. sinensis | ||
| Oroblanco Sweetie |  | C. maxima × C. paradisi | A sweet seedless citrus hybrid fruit (grapefruit × pomelo). Oroblanco was developed as a cross between a diploid acidless pomelo and a seedy white tetraploid grapefruit, resulting in a triploid seedless fruit that is less acidic and less bitter than the grapefruit. |
| Ponkan |  | Citrus poonensis | Ponkan (Citrus poonensis; "Chinese Honey Orange") is a high-yield sweet Citrus cultivar with large fruits in the size of an orange. It is a citrus hybrid (mandarin × pomelo), though it was once thought to be a pure mandarin. |
| Taiwan tangerine Flat lemon Hirami lemon Thin-skinned flat lemon |  | Citrus × depressa | |
| Tangelo Honeybell |  | C. reticulata × C. maxima or ×C. paradisi | |
| Tangor |  | C. reticulata × C. sinensis | |
| Jamaican tangelo |  | C. reticulata × C. paradisi | |
| Kinkoji unshiu | C. obovoidea × C. unshiu | ||
| Kinnow |  | C. nobilis × C. deliciosa | |
| Kiyomi |  | Citrus unshiu × Citrus sinensis | Kiyomi (清見, kiyomi) ( Citrus unshiu × sinensis ) is a Japanese citrus fruit that is a hybrid of a Miyagawa Wase mikan and an orange. |
| Ponderosa lemon |  | Citrus maxima × C. medica | |
| Rangpur Lemandarin |  | Citrus × limonia | |
| Shangjuan Ichang lemon | | Citrus cavaleriei × C. maxima | |
| Shonan Gold |  | Citrus flaviculpus hort. ex Tanaka (Ōgonkan) × Citrus unshiu | |
| Sweet limetta Mediterranean sweet lemon Sweet lemon Sweet lime |  | Citrus limetta (C. medica × C. × aurantium ) | Citrus limetta, alternatively considered to be a cultivar of Citrus limon , C. limon 'Limetta', is a species of citrus , commonly known as mousami, musami, sweet lime, sweet lemon, and sweet limetta, it is a member of the sweet lemons. It is small and round like a common lime in shape. It is a cross between the citron (Citrus medica) and a bitter orange (Citrus × aurantium). |
| Volkamer lemon | Citrus volkameriana (C. medica × C. reticulata ) | Like the Rangpur lime and rough lemon, it is a hybrid of a mandarin orange (C. reticulata) and a citron (C. medica), with the citron being the pollen parent and the mandarin being the seed parent. The fruit is moderately large (around the size of an orange), seedy, round and slightly elongated, and yellow-orange in color. | |
| Yukou |  | Citrus yuko | The yūkō (ゆうこう), also written yukou, is a Japanese citrus found in the Nagasaki Prefecture and Saga Prefecture of Japan. Genetic analysis has shown it to be a cross between the kishumikan and koji, a part-tachibana orange hybrid native to Japan. |
| Yuzu |  | Citrus cavaleriei × C. reticulata | a very unique japanese citrus. it is commonly used to make tea and essential oil. |
Citrus is a genus of flowering trees and shrubs in the rue family, Rutaceae. Plants in the genus produce citrus fruits, including important crops such as oranges, lemons, grapefruits, pomelos, and limes. The genus Citrus is native to South Asia, East Asia, Southeast Asia, Melanesia, and Australia. Various citrus species have been used and domesticated by indigenous cultures in these areas since ancient times. From there its cultivation spread into Micronesia and Polynesia by the Austronesian expansion ; and to the Middle East and the Mediterranean via the incense trade route, and onwards to Europe and the Americas.
Calamansi, also known as kalamansi, calamondin, Philippine lime, or Philippine lemon, is an economically important citrus hybrid cultivated predominantly in the Philippines. It is native to the Philippines, parts of Indonesia, Malaysia, and Brunei, as well as parts of southern China and Taiwan.
Citrus hystrix, called the kaffir lime or makrut lime, is a citrus fruit native to tropical Southeast Asia.
A lime is a citrus fruit, which is typically round, green in color, 3–6 centimetres (1.2–2.4 in) in diameter, and contains acidic juice vesicles.
Citrus limetta, alternatively considered to be a cultivar of Citrus limon, C. limon 'Limetta', is a species of citrus, commonly known as mousami, musami, sweet lime, sweet lemon, and sweet limetta, it is a member of the sweet lemons. It is small and round like a common lime in shape. It is a cross between the citron and a bitter orange.
Persian lime, also known by other common names such as seedless lime, Bearss lime and Tahiti lime, is a citrus fruit species of hybrid origin, known only in cultivation. The Persian lime is a triploid cross between Key lime and lemon.
The Key lime or acid lime is a citrus hybrid native to tropical Southeast Asia. It has a spherical fruit, 2.5–5 centimetres in diameter. The Key lime is usually picked while it is still green, but it becomes yellow when ripe.
Rangpur, Citrus × limonia or Citrus reticulata × medica, sometimes called the rangpur lime, mandarin lime or lemandarin, is a hybrid between the mandarin orange and the citron. It is a citrus fruit with a very acidic taste and an orange peel and flesh.
Zest is a food ingredient that is prepared by scraping or cutting from the rind of unwaxed citrus fruits such as lemon, orange, citron, and lime. Zest is used to add flavor to foods.
Sweet lemon and sweet lime refer to groups of citrus hybrids that contain low acid pulp and juice. They are hybrids often similar to non-sweet lemons or limes, but with less citron parentage. Sweet limes and lemons are not sharply separated:
The sweet lime, Citrus limettioides Tan., is often confused with the sweet lemon, C. limetta Tan., which, in certain areas, is referred to as "sweet lime". In some of the literature, it is impossible to tell which fruit is under discussion.
A citrus reamer, also known as a lemon reamer or simply a reamer, is a small kitchen utensil used to extract the juice from a lemon or other small citrus fruit.
Papeda or papaeda is the common name for a group of Citrus species and varieties native to tropical Asia that are hardy and slow-growing, and produce unpalatable fruit. Walter Tennyson Swingle segregated these species into a separate subgenus, Papeda, that included the Ichang lemon, yuzu, kaffir lime, kabosu, sudachi, and a number of wild and uncultivated species and hybrids. Recent genetic analysis shows the papedas to be distributed among distinct branches of the Citrus phylogenetic tree, and hence Swingle's proposed subgenus is polyphyletic and not a valid taxonomic grouping, but the term persists as a common name.
The citrus industry in the Caribbean is a major one in the Caribbean. Citrus fruits consists of oranges, grapefruit, tangerines, limes, and lemons. The Caribbean countries which export citrus fruit are Belize, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, Guadeloupe, Dominica, Martinique & Trinidad and Tobago.
The lemon is a species of small evergreen tree in the flowering plant family Rutaceae, native to Asia, primarily Northeast India (Assam), Northern Myanmar, and China.
The lumia is also called the pear lemon, since its shape resembles a pear. It is also called French lime and sometimes sweet lemon, even though it is not necessarily sweet.
Citrus taxonomy refers to the botanical classification of the species, varieties, cultivars, and graft hybrids within the genus Citrus and related genera, found in cultivation and in the wild.
Citrus limettioides, Palestinian sweet lime or Indian sweet lime or common sweet lime, alternatively considered a cultivar of Citrus × limon, C. × limon 'Indian Lime', is a low-acid lime used in Palestine for food, juice and rootstock. It is a member of the sweet limes. Like the Meyer lemon, it is the result of a cross between the citron and a mandarin/pomelo hybrid distinct from sweet and sour oranges.
Volkamer lemon, often misspelled Volckamer lemon, is known as 沃 尔卡默柠檬 in Chinese, citron de Volkamer in French, limone Volkameriano in Italian, and chanh Volkamer in Vietnamese. It is a Citrus hybrid cultivated for its edible fruit. The specific epithet (volkameriana) honors German botanist Johann Christoph Volkamer. It is a taxonomical synonym of Citrus limon.
