Lemonade

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Lemonade - 27682817724.jpg
Glass of cloudy homemade lemonade, typical in North America, France and South Asia
R Whites lemonade (2).JPG
Carbonated lemonade (R. White's lemonade soft drink pictured), typical in the UK, Ireland and Oceania

Lemonade is a sweetened lemon-flavored drink.

There are varieties of lemonade found throughout the world. [1] In North America and South Asia, lemonade is typically non-carbonated and non-clarified (called "cloudy lemonade" in British English, or lemon squash in Australian English). It is traditionally a homemade drink using lemon juice, water, and a sweetener such as cane sugar, simple syrup, maple syrup or honey. [2] In the United Kingdom, Ireland, Central Europe, South Africa, Australia, and New Zealand, a carbonated lemonade soft drink is more common. Despite the differences between the drinks, each is known simply as "lemonade" in countries where it is dominant.

Contents

The suffix "-ade" may also be applied to other similar drinks made with different fruits, such as limeade, orangeade, or cherryade. [3]

History

A drink made with lemons, dates, and honey was consumed in Mamluk Egypt, including a lemon juice drink with sugar, known as qatarmizat. [4] In 1676, a company known as Compagnie de Limonadiers sold lemonade in Paris. [5] Vendors carried tanks of lemonade on their backs and dispensed cups of the soft drink to Parisians. [6]

While carbonated water was invented by Joseph Priestley in 1767 (with his pamphlet Directions for Impregnating Water with Fixed Air published in London in 1772), [7] the first reference found to carbonated lemonade was in 1833 when the drink was sold in British refreshment stalls. [8] R. White's Lemonade has been sold in the UK since 1845. [9]

Varieties

Cloudy lemonade

The predominant form of lemonade found in the US, Canada, and India, cloudy lemonade, also known as traditional or old fashioned lemonade in the UK and Australia, is non-carbonated and made with fresh lemon juice; however, commercially produced varieties are also available. Generally served cold, cloudy lemonade may also be served hot as a remedy for congestion and sore throats, [10] frozen, or used as a mixer.

Children operating a lemonade stand in La Canada Flintridge, California, 1960 Children selling lemonade to an adult in La Canada, California, 1960.jpg
Children operating a lemonade stand in La Cañada Flintridge, California, 1960

Traditionally, children in US and Canadian neighborhoods start lemonade stands to make money during summer. The concept has become iconic of youthful summertime Americana to the degree that parodies and variations exist across media. References can be found in comics and cartoons such as Peanuts , and the 1979 computer game Lemonade Stand . [11]

Pink lemonade

A popular variation of traditional lemonade, pink lemonade, is created by adding additional fruit juices, flavors, or food coloring to the recipe. Most store-bought pink lemonade is simply colored with concentrated grape juice or dyes. [12] Among those using natural colors, grape is the most popular, but cranberry juice, beet juice or syrup made from brightly colored fruits and vegetables such as rhubarb, raspberries, strawberries, or cherries are also used. [13]

The origin stories generally associate pink lemonade's invention with traveling circuses in the US. [13] A 1912 obituary credited the invention of pink lemonade to circus worker Henry E. "Sanchez" Allott, saying he had dropped in red cinnamon candies by mistake. [14] Another origin story credits another circus worker, Pete Conklin, in 1857. His brother, lion tamer George Conklin, tells the story in his 1921 memoir, The Ways of the Circus. [13] According to the story, Conklin's lemonade was a mixture of water, sugar and tartaric acid, with the tub garnished with a single lemon that he repeatedly used for the season. One day, he ran out of water. Searching desperately, he found a tub of water a bareback rider had recently used to rinse her pink tights. Adding in the sugar, acid and remaining bits of lemon, he offered the resulting mixture as "strawberry lemonade" and saw his sales double. [12] [15]

Real lemons were too expensive for the circus, so artificial substitutes were widely used. [13] In the past, tartaric acid was commonly used to produce the typical tart flavor. [13] In the modern era, commercially produced lemonade and powdered mixes tend to rely on citric acid. [13]

Though not the term's primary meaning, "pink lemonade" can also describe [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] "Indian lemonade", or lemonade made by soaking dried sumac berries, especially berries of species like Rhus typhina ("staghorn sumac"), [21] Rhus aromatica ("fragrant sumac", "lemon sumac"), [22] Rhus glabra ("smooth sumac", "scarlet sumac"), [23] [24] or Rhus integrifolia ("lemonade sumac", "lemonade berry"); [25] Indian lemonade has a similar pinkish color.

Clear lemonade

British Formula One motor racing driver Jackie Stewart drinking carbonated lemonade in 1969 Jackie Stewart drinkt een flesje limonade, Bestanddeelnr 922-5447.jpg
British Formula One motor racing driver Jackie Stewart drinking carbonated lemonade in 1969

The predominant form of lemonade in the UK, Ireland, France, Germany, Switzerland, South Africa and Australia is a clear, lemon-flavoured carbonated beverage. Schweppes, Kirks, R. White's Lemonade and C&C are common brands, and shops usually carry a store-branded lemonade as well. [9] Schweppes uses a blend of lemon and lime oils. [26] Other fizzy drinks, soft-drinks (or pop) which are both lemon and lime flavoured may also sometimes be referred to as lemonade, such as Sprite and 7 Up. There are also speciality flavours, such as Fentimans Rose Lemonade, which is sold in the UK, the US, and Canada. Shandy, a mixture of beer and clear lemonade, is often sold pre-bottled, or ordered in pubs. [27]

Brown lemonade

There are various drinks called brown lemonade. In Northern Ireland, brown lemonade is flavoured with brown sugar. [28] A variant from Venezuela has cane sugar and lime. [29]

Other varieties

In India and Pakistan, where it is commonly known as nimbu paani, and in Bangladesh, lemonades may also contain salt or ginger juice called lebur shorbot. [30] Shikanjvi is a traditional lemonade from this region, and can also be flavored with saffron, cumin and other spices. [31] [32] [33]

Limonana, a type of lemonade made from freshly squeezed lemon juice and mint leaves, is a common summer drink in the Middle East. [34] In Northern Africa, a drink called cherbat is made of lemon, mint, and rose water.[ citation needed ]

Switcha is a version of the drink made in the Bahamas and Turks & Caicos that can also be made with limes instead of lemons.[ citation needed ]

Citron pressé

The French soft drink citron presse, being diluted with water Citron presse.jpg
The French soft drink citron pressé, being diluted with water

In France, it is common for bars or restaurants to offer citron pressé, also called citronnade, an unmixed version of lemonade in which the customer is given lemon juice, syrup and water separately to be mixed in their preferred proportions. [35]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Soft drink</span> Sweetened non-alcoholic drink, often carbonated

A soft drink is any water-based flavored drink, usually but not necessarily carbonated, and typically including added sweetener. Flavors used can be natural or artificial. The sweetener may be a sugar, high-fructose corn syrup, fruit juice, a sugar substitute, or some combination of these. Soft drinks may also contain caffeine, colorings, preservatives and other ingredients.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ginger ale</span> Soft drink flavoured with ginger

Ginger ale is a carbonated soft drink flavoured with ginger. It is consumed on its own or used as a mixer, often with spirit-based drinks. There are two main types of ginger ale. The golden style is credited to the Irish doctor Thomas Joseph Cantrell. The dry style, a paler drink with a much milder ginger flavour, was created by Canadian John McLaughlin.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Shandy</span> Family of drinks made of beer or cider mixed with a soft drink

Shandy is beer or cider mixed with a lemon flavoured beverage, often lemonade, usually half lemonade and half beer or cider, resulting in a lower ABV for the finished drink. Shandies are popular in Europe, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, the Caribbean, and Canada.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Squash (drink)</span> Non-alcoholic concentrated syrup

Squash, is a non-alcoholic beverage with syrup used in beverage making. It is usually fruit-flavoured, made from fruit juice, water, and sugar or a sugar substitute. Modern squashes may also contain food colouring and additional flavouring. Some traditional squashes contain herbal extracts, most notably elderflower and ginger.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Crush (drink)</span> Line of fruit flavored carbonated beverages

Crush is a brand of carbonated soft drinks owned and marketed internationally by Keurig Dr Pepper, originally created as an orange soda, Orange Crush. Crush competes with Coca-Cola's Fanta. It was created in 1911 by beverage and extract chemist Neil C. Ward. Most flavors of Crush are caffeine-free.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Orange drink</span> Drink

The term orange drink refers to a sweet, sugary, sometimes carbonated, orange-flavored drink.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Limeade</span> Citrus-flavored beverage with sweetener

Limeade, also called lime soda, is a lime-flavored, sometimes carbonated, drink. It is usually sweetened with sugar or sweeteners. A common method of preparation is to juice limes and combine the juice with simple syrup or honey syrup, along with some water and perhaps more sugar or honey. Vodka or white tequila can be added to make a limeade cocktail. The exact ingredients, preparation and names of the drink can vary by country.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Minute Maid</span> American beverage company

Minute Maid is an American brand of beverages, usually associated with lemonade or orange juice, but which now extends to soft drinks of different kinds, including Hi-C. Minute Maid is sold under the Cappy brand in Central Europe and under the brand "Моя Семья" in Russia and the Commonwealth of Independent States. Minute Maid was the first company to market frozen orange juice concentrate, allowing it to be distributed throughout the United States and served year-round. The Minute Maid Company is owned by The Coca-Cola Company, the world's largest marketer of fruit juices and drinks. The firm opened its headquarters in Sugar Land Town Square in Sugar Land, Texas, United States, on February 16, 2009; previously it was headquartered in the 2000 St. James Place building in Houston.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hawaiian Punch</span> Fruit punch brand

Hawaiian Punch is an American brand of fruit punch currently manufactured by Keurig Dr Pepper, originally invented in 1934 by A.W. Leo, Tom Yeats, and Ralph Harrison as a topping for ice cream. It was started from an original syrup flavor titled Leo's Hawaiian Punch, containing orange, pineapple, passion fruit, guava and papaya, and has been available in 14 flavors since 2020. Though earlier versions contained 10% fruit juice, the drink is currently made with 3% fruit juice.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sour (cocktail)</span> Family of classic mixed drinks

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Club (soft drink)</span>

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Drink mixers are the non-alcoholic ingredients in mixed drinks and cocktails. Mixers dilute the drink, lowering the alcohol by volume in the drink. They change, enhance, or add new flavors to a drink. They may make the drink sweeter, more sour, or more savory. Some mixers change the texture or consistency of the drink, making it thicker or more watery. Drink mixers may also be used strictly for decorative purposes by changing the color or appearance of the drink. They also simply increase the volume of a drink, to make it last longer.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fizz (cocktail)</span> Type of carbonated alcoholic mixed drinks

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sharbat (drink)</span> Sweet drink

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mint lemonade</span> Lemonade flavored with mint

Mint lemonade is lemonade flavored with mint. It may be made with whole mint leaves, mint-flavored syrup, or pureed mint leaves, and may be served over ice cubes or blended with ice into a slush or smoothie. It is sometimes called a virgin mojito.

References

  1. ↑ "Lemonade". dictionary.cambridge.org. Archived from the original on October 25, 2018. Retrieved October 25, 2018.
  2. ↑ "History of Lemonade". Buzzle. Archived from the original on October 9, 2015. Retrieved December 26, 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  3. ↑ Smith, Andrew F. (October 28, 2013). Food and Drink in American History: A "Full Course" Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. ISBN   978-1-61069-233-5. Archived from the original on May 8, 2016. Retrieved December 27, 2015.
  4. ↑ "History of lemonade". Clifford A. Wright. March 12, 2012. Archived from the original on March 12, 2012. Retrieved December 26, 2015.
  5. ↑ "The Victoria Advocate – Google News Archive Search". news.google.com. Archived from the original on January 23, 2016. Retrieved December 26, 2015.
  6. ↑ "Soft Drink". Encyclopædia Britannica . Archived from the original on May 5, 2015. Retrieved April 20, 2022.
  7. ↑ Priestley, Joseph. Directions for impregnating water with fixed air; in order to communicate to it the peculiar spirit and virtues of Pyrmont water, and other mineral waters of a similar nature. London: Printed for J. Johnson, 1772.
  8. ↑ Emmins, Colin (1991). Soft drinks – Their origins and history (PDF). Great Britain: Shire Publications Ltd. p. 8 and 11. ISBN   0-7478-0125-8. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved December 27, 2015.
  9. 1 2 "Chester homeless charity teams up with lemonade brand". Chester Chronicle. October 8, 2017. Archived from the original on October 8, 2017. Retrieved October 8, 2017.
  10. ↑ "Is Lemonade Good for Sick People to Drink While They Have the Flu?". LIVESTRONG.COM. Archived from the original on December 27, 2015. Retrieved December 26, 2015.
  11. ↑ Apple Computer (1979), Lemonade Stand (1979) (Apple) , retrieved May 3, 2020
  12. 1 2 "The Unusual Origins of Pink Lemonade | History | Smithsonian". Smithsonianmag.com. August 16, 2016. Archived from the original on October 7, 2019. Retrieved October 13, 2019.
  13. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Kim, Eric (June 26, 2024). "This Is the Drink of the Summer Every Summer". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved July 1, 2024.
  14. ↑ "Inventor of pink lemonade dead" (PDF). The New York Times. September 18, 1912. p. 11. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 9, 2021. Retrieved September 21, 2007.
  15. ↑ Nickell, Joe. Secrets of the Sideshows, 978-0813123585, University Press of Kentucky, 2005. pp. 31–32.
  16. ↑ Wiles, Briana (2016). Mountain States Foraging: 115 Wild and Flavorful Edibles from Alpine Sorrel to Wild Hops. Timber Press. p. 232. ISBN   978-1-60469-678-3. Spired clusters of red berries are fun for the kids to pick apart and make pink lemonade [with], especially in our not-so-tropical region.
  17. ↑ Brill, "Wildman" Steve (2017). Foraging New York: Finding, Identifying, and Preparing Edible Wild Foods. Globe Pequot. pp. 216–217. ISBN   978-1-4930-2428-5. Strain out the fruit with a fine sieve or cheesecloth-lined colander, sweeten to taste, and enjoy the best pink lemonade you've ever tasted.
  18. ↑ Gilbert, Rebecca (2022). Weedy Wisdom for the Curious Forager: Common Wild Plants to Nourish Your Body & Soul. Llewellyn Publications. ISBN   978-0-7387-7207-3. Use a handful or more of sumac berries, fresh or dried, per gallon of water, or to taste. The resulting sour, pink liquid may be used to make sumac 'pink lemonade.'
  19. ↑ Feghali, Layla K. (2024). The Land in Our Bones: Plantcestral Herbalism and Healing Cultures from Syria to the Sinai—Earth-based Pathways to Ancestral Stewardship and Belonging in Diaspora. North Atlantic Books. pp. 100–111. ISBN   978-1-62317-914-4. Sumac berries infused in water with sweetener added make a wonderful pink lemonade, a recipe I learned from Indigenous communities in my diasporic California home, whose colloquial name for their native sumac tree is 'lemonade berry'.
  20. ↑ Stewart, Hilary (2009). Drink in the Wild: Teas, Cordials, Jams and More. Douglas and McIntyre. p. 115. ISBN   978-1-55054-894-5. Another method is to crush the seed cones in cold water and allow [them] to sit for several hours, preferrably overnight, then strain and add sugar. This gives a pink lemonade that is ideal for small children to make, since boiling water is not involved.
  21. ↑ Core, Earl L. (1967). "Ethnobotany of the southern Appalachian aborigines". Economic Botany. 21 (3): 198–214. Bibcode:1967EcBot..21..199C. doi:10.1007/BF02860370. JSTOR   4252878.
  22. ↑ Nesom, Guy (September 20, 2000). "Fragrant Sumac, Rhus aromatica Ait., plant symbol = RHAR4". USDA NRCS Plant Guide (PDF) (Report). Vol. 44. USDA. pp. 60–80.
  23. ↑ Craig, Robert M.; Stone, Reba M. (1977). "Trees and shrubs for environmental education". Proceedings of the Florida State Horticultural Society. Vol. 90.
  24. ↑ Linsenmeyer, Helen Walker; Kraig, Bruce (2011). Cooking Plain, Illinois Country Style. SIU Press. ISBN   978-0-8093-3073-7.
  25. ↑ Clarke, Charlotte Bringle (2023). Edible and useful plants of California. Vol. 41. University of California Press. ISBN   978-0-520-03267-5.
  26. ↑ "Product description". Archived from the original on February 9, 2019. Retrieved February 8, 2019.
  27. ↑ "shandy | Origin and meaning of shandy by Online Etymology Dictionary". www.etymonline.com. Archived from the original on November 8, 2021. Retrieved November 8, 2021.
  28. ↑ "Brown Lemonade". CooksInfo. Archived from the original on February 5, 2020. Retrieved March 18, 2020.
  29. ↑ Locklin, Kristy (October 18, 2020). "Cilantro & Ajo brings Venezuelan street food to Pittsburgh's South Side". Next Pittsburgh. Archived from the original on February 5, 2020. Retrieved February 5, 2020.
  30. ↑ "Summer cooler: Try this refreshing lemonade with a twist". The Indian Express. May 19, 2021. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023. Retrieved September 17, 2023.
  31. ↑ Jiggs Kalra, Pushpesh Pant, Classic cooking of Punjab Archived May 21, 2016, at the Wayback Machine , Allied Publishers, 2004, ISBN   978-81-7764-566-8
  32. ↑ Julie Sahni, Indian regional classics: fast, fresh, and healthy home cooking Archived April 25, 2016, at the Wayback Machine , Ten Speed Press, 2001, ISBN   1-58008-345-5, 9781580083454, "... Ginger Limeade (Shikanji) ..."
  33. ↑ Mint lemonade / pudina shikanji / pudina nimbu paani / masala lemonade Archived June 19, 2018, at the Wayback Machine . Indian Recipe Secrets. June 16, 2018. Retrieved August 29, 2018.
  34. ↑ "Limonana: Not your average lemonade". Zomppa. August 29, 2011. Archived from the original on March 26, 2019. Retrieved May 28, 2012.
  35. ↑ Rough Guides Snapshot (April 12, 2012). Poitou-Charentes and the Atlantic Coast Rough Guides Snapshot France (includes Poitiers, La Rochelle, Île de Ré, Cognac, Bordeaux and the wineries). Rough Guides Limited. p. 96. ISBN   978-1-4093-6293-7. Archived from the original on March 23, 2017. Retrieved November 3, 2016.
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