List of countries with overseas military bases

This is a list of countries with overseas military bases.

Background

Camp Humphreys, the largest United States overseas military base by population, with a combined military and civilian population of 40,000.

Pituffik Space Base, the largest United States overseas military base by area, at 66,000 hectares. ^[1]

The establishment of military bases abroad enables a country to project power, e.g. to conduct expeditionary warfare, and thereby to influence events abroad. Depending on their size and infrastructure, they can be used as staging areas or for logistical, communications and intelligence support. Many conflicts throughout modern history have resulted in overseas military bases being established in large numbers by world powers; and these bases have helped the countries that have established them to achieve political and military goals.

The United Kingdom and other colonial powers established overseas military bases in many of their colonies during the First and Second World Wars, where useful, and actively sought rights to facilities where needed for strategic reasons. At one time, the establishment of coaling stations for naval ships was important. During the Cold War, the United States and the Soviet Union established military bases where they could within their respective spheres of influence, and actively sought influence where needed. More recently, the War on Terror has resulted in overseas military bases being established in the Middle East.

While the overall number of overseas military bases has fallen since 1945, the United States, Turkey, the United Kingdom, Russia and France still possess or utilize a substantial number of them. Smaller numbers of overseas military bases are operated by China, Iran, India, Italy, Japan, Saudi Arabia, Singapore and the United Arab Emirates.

The United States is the largest operator of military bases abroad, with 38 "named bases" ^{[note 1]} with active duty, national guard, reserve, or civilian personnel as of September 30, 2014. Its largest, in terms of personnel, was Ramstein AB in Germany, with almost 9,200 personnel. ^{[2] [note 2]}

Australia

Country	Location	Details
Malaysia	Butterworth Air Base	Used by Australia's Commitment to the Five Power Defence Arrangements (FPDA). [3] In addition, the Australian Army maintains an infantry designated company (Rifle Company Butterworth) at Butterworth, Malaysia for training purposes.
United Arab Emirates	Al Minhad Air Base	Used by Australian operations in the Middle East.

Bangladesh

Country	Details
Kuwait	a Bangladeshi military contingent (BMC) has resided in Kuwait since the end of the 1991 Gulf War to assist the Kuwait Military Forces in logistics and other sectors under a bilateral agreement. [4] [5] [6] [7]

China

Country	Location	Details
Cuba	Bejucal	Listening station [8] [9] [10]
Djibouti	Djibouti City	People's Liberation Army Support Base [11]
Tajikistan	Gorno-Badakhshan	Military Post [12] [13]

France

Main article: Overseas military bases of France

Country	Location	Details
Germany		French Forces and Civilian Elements stationed in Germany (FFECSA)
Djibouti	Djibouti	French forces in Djibouti [14] [15]
Gabon		French elements in Gabon (EFG) [14] [15]
Jordan	Prince Hassan Air Base	as part of Opération Chammal
United Arab Emirates		Naval Base in Abu Dhabi. [14] [15]

Germany

Country	Location	Details
France	Illkirch-Graffenstaden	Light Infantry Battalion 291, part of the Franco-German Brigade
Lithuania	Rūdninkai Training Area	Lithuanian military facility which, from 2025 onwards, will host 45th Panzer Brigade (Bundeswehr)

Greece

Country	Location	Details
Cyprus	Nicosia	Hellenic Force in Cyprus. [16]

India

Main article: Overseas military bases of India

Country	Location	Details
Tajikistan	Farkhor Air Base and Ayni Air Base [17] [18] [19]
Bhutan	Haa and Thimphu	The Indian Military Training Team (IMTRAT) is permanently stationed in western Bhutan and the Indian Army also maintains a detachment in the capital city of Thimphu. [20]
Madagascar		A listening post and a radar facility in northern Madagascar [21] [22]
Oman	Ras al Hadd and Muscat	A listening post and berthing rights for the Indian Navy. [23]
Mauritius	Agaléga	India has been funding the construction of 3000 m long airfield with associated facilities to house troops. [24]
Seychelles	Mahe, Alphonse, Farquhar, Astove and Assumption Island	Indian government supported construction of system with six coastal surveillance radars which are linked to the Indian surveillance system. [25] [26] [27] [28]

Iran

Country	Location	Details
Iraq	Al Anbar and Salah al-Din	Military facilities and training base of supported militias
Lebanon	Beqaa and Beirut Governorate	A military training facility and several military installations [29]
Tajikistan		Military facilities and drone factories [30]

Israel

Country	Location	Details
Syria	Machne Yarden, Camp Filon and Camp Yitzhak [31]	Israeli-occupied territories in the Golan Heights

Italy

Country	Location	Details
Djibouti	Djibouti	National Military Support Base. [32]
Niger	Niamey	Italian Military Support Base in Niamey  [ it ]. [33]

Japan

Country	Location	Details
Djibouti	Ambouli	Japan Self-Defense Force Base Djibouti [34]

Pakistan

Main article: Pakistan Armed Forces deployments

Country	Location	Details
Saudi Arabia	Tabuk	1,180 personnel and other bases in permanent training and advisory roles, under a 1982 agreement. [35] [36] [37] [38]

Russia

  Jurisdictions with Russian Armed Forces bases, facilities and troops

Main article: List of Russian military bases abroad

Country	Location	Details
Armenia	Gyumri	102nd Military Base and 3624th Airbase
Belarus	Baranavichy and Vileyka	Hantsavichy Radar Station, Vileyka naval communication centre
Burkina Faso		[39]
Central African Republic		Joint Russo-CAR training base in Berengo [40] [41] [42]
Georgia		4th Military Base and 7th Military Base in the occupied regions of disputed South Ossetia and Abkhazia
Kazakhstan	Sary Shagan range, Baikonur Cosmodrome
Kyrgyzstan	Kant Air Base	338th naval communication centre, 954th torpedo testing range and a seismograph
Libya	Tobruk and Benghazi	Russian troops deployed during the Libyan civil war[ citation needed ]
Mali		[43]
Moldova	Cobasna	A sizeable military force in the unrecognised state of Transnistria. These forces guard Cobasna ammunition depot. [44]
Niger		Russian forces moved into bases previously used by U.S forces after the military leaders of Niger forced them out [45]
Syria	Tartus and Khmeimim Air Base	[46]
Tajikistan	Dushanbe	201st Military Base
Ukraine	Sevastopol Naval Base [47]	Russian-occupied territories [48]

Saudi Arabia

Country	Location	Details
Bahrain		Saudi Arabian military presence in Bahrain since the Saudi-led intervention in Bahrain in 2011 as part of the Peninsula Shield Force - the military arm of the Gulf Cooperation Council. The units sent from Saudi Arabia included 1,000 (1,200) [49] troops along with 150 vehicles. Saudi Arabian soldiers were apparently from the Saudi Arabian National Guard, commanded by a son of King Abdullah, Prince Miteb. [50]
Djibouti		Military base. [51] [52] [53]
Yemen	Al Mahrah, Hadhramaut, Ma'rib, Abyan, Al Hudaydah and Taiz	Several military bases and facilities.[ citation needed ]

Singapore

Country/Territory	Location	Details
Brunei	Jalan Aman Camp
Thailand [54]	Sai Yok Camp

Turkey

Country	Location	Details
Albania	Pasha Liman Base	24 troops and 2 frigates. [55] An Albanian-Turkish military cooperation agreement was signed in 1992 that encompassed rebuilding Albania's Pasha Liman Base by Turkey alongside granted access for Turkish use. [56]
Sudan	Suakin, Khartoum	On 17 January 2018, as part of a rapprochement with Sudan, Turkey was granted a 99-year lease over Suakin island. [57] [58] Turkey plans to restore the ruined Ottoman port city on the island. [59]
Azerbaijan	Nasosnaya Air Base,Gizil Sherg, Joint Russian-Turkish Monitoring Centre	Buildings and structures in Gizil Sherg military town, and one terminal building located in the airfield in Hacı Zeynalabdin settlement called Nasosnaya Air Base. [60] An observation base was also built by Turkey in the Nagorno-Karabakh region after the 44-day 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war. The base was established under the name "Ceasefire Observation Center", and officially started to operate in January 2021 with 60 Turkish and Russian soldiers stationed at the base. [61]
Bosnia and Herzegovina	Fatih Sultan Mehmet Barracks	Under EUROFOR Operation Althea 242 troops, previously under Implementation Force and Stabilisation Force in Bosnia and Herzegovina stationed at Mehmet The Conqueror Barracks. [62] [63]
Iraq	Disputed territories of northern Iraq: Bashiqa and Bamarni Air Base	Turkey has signed agreement with Iraq which includes allowing the Turkish army to pursue elements of the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) in northern Iraq, with the permission of, and in coordination with the Federal Government of Iraq. It also includes opening two liaison offices between Baghdad and Ankara to exchange intelligence and security information between the two countries. [64] [65] As of 2020, Turkey has a military base with 2,000 personnel garrisoned with around 60 tanks, Armoured personnel carriers and one commando battalion. [66] [67] Turkey has more than 40+ military and intelligence bases scattered all around Iraq, the most out of any country. [68] There are plans to build a new base in the Metina area of Duhok governorate in Iraqi Kurdistan Region as of April 2021. [69] [70] In total, Turkey has stationed around 5,000 to 10,000 soldiers in Iraq. [71] [72]
Kosovo	Prizren: Sultan Murat Kışlası, Mamusha	An estimated 321 troops serve in the Kosovo Security Battalion command for UNMIK mission and KFOR peacekeeping force's. [63] [73] [74] [75]
Libya	Tripolitania: al-Watiya, Mitiga,Misrata and Zwara [76]	The number of Turkish soldiers stationed in Libya is unknown. [72]
Cyprus	Northern Cyprus	A total of 35,000 to 40,000 armed forces of Turkey are currently in active duty Cyprus Turkish Peace Force Command in the de facto state Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. [72]
Qatar	Doha: Katar TSK Kara Unsur Komutanlığı	5,000 personnel. [77] [78] [79] [80]
Somalia	Mogadishu: Camp TURKSOM	2,000 personnel. [72]
Syria	Turkish occupation of northern Syria: Al-Bab, Al-Rai, Akhtarin, Afrin, Jindires, Rajo and Jarablus	5,000 personnel in Euphrates Shield and Olive Branch regions. New bases were followed at south of Afrin canton in Atme and Darat Izza [81] There are 114 Turkish bases in Syria as of January 2022. [82] After operation Peace Spring, approximately 6,400 personnel are working around the Peace Spring region between Ras al-Ayn and Tell Abyad. 19 observation points are settled around Idlib and Aleppo Province. [83] Altogether, there are an estimated 10,500 Turkish soldiers and 250 tanks stationed in Turkish occupation of northern Syria. These numbers are constantly subject to modifications. [72]

United Arab Emirates

Country	Location	Details
Libya	Al-Khadim Airport near Marj.	A forward operating base [84] [85]
Yemen	Socotra and Perim	Partial military base and air base. [86] [87]

United Kingdom

Main article: Overseas military bases of the United Kingdom

Some of the major military bases and facilities of the United Kingdom.

United Kingdom has fourteen overseas military bases.

country	location	details
Belize	Price Barracks, Ladyville	British Army Training and Support Unit Belize [88]
Brunei	Seria	British Forces Brunei [89]
Canada	CFB Suffield	British Army Training Unit Suffield
Cyprus	RAF Akrotiri and Troodos Mountains in Cyprus	British Forces Cyprus
Germany	Westfalen Garrison	British Army Germany [90]
Kenya	Nanyuki	British Army Training Unit Kenya [91]
Nepal	Pokhara Camp, Dharan Station [92] [93]	British Gurkhas Nepal
Norway	Bardufoss Air Station [94] and Camp Viking [95]	Camp Viking opened in 2023.
Oman	Duqm	Omani-British Joint Training Area and the UK Joint Logistics Support Base
Qatar	RAF Al Udeid [96]
Sierra Leone	Leicester Peak	IMATT HQ [97]
Singapore	Sembawang Naval Base	British Defence Singapore Support Unit [15] [98]
United Arab Emirates	Al Minhad Air Base	Donnelly Lines

United States

Main article: List of United States military bases

See also: List of wars involving the United States

Countries with United States military bases and facilities

The U.S. military maintains hundreds of military installations, both inside the United States and overseas (with at least 128 military bases in 55 countries and territories, as of July 2024). Some American bases are also NATO-led with forces from multiple countries. According to the U.S. Army, Camp Humphreys in South Korea is the largest overseas base in terms of area. ^[99] Most of foreign military installations are located in NATO countries, Middle East countries, South Korea and Japan.

Countries with U.S. bases include:

Africa

Country	Location	Details
Cameroon	Cameroonian Air Force Base 301, Contingency Location Garoua	The base is used to support military operations against Boko Haram. [100] Approximately 200 personnel work at the site.
Djibouti	Camp Lemonnier, CSL Chabelley	Camp Lemonnier is the largest U.S. base in Africa with more than 4,000 military personnel. [101]
Kenya	Camp Simba	Second largest U.S. base in Africa. Over 600 U.S. military personnel work at Camp Simba. [102]
Seychelles	United States drone base in Seychelles	Surveillance of Al-Shabaab over Somalia.
Somalia	Baledogle Airfield	Primarily used by the United States, AMISOM and the Somali National Army as a base for conducting counterinsurgency and drone operations in the country. Approximately 450 U.S. troops remain in Somalia as of July 2024. [103]

Americas

Country	Location	Details
Aruba (Netherlands)	Queen Beatrix International Airport	Cooperative Security Location of U.S. Southern Command
Ascension Island (UK)	Ascension Island Auxiliary Airfield	The facility is home to a U.S. Space Force ground tracking station in support of the Eastern Range and rocket launches from Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Florida.
Bahamas	Atlantic Undersea Test and Evaluation Center	AUTEC is a laboratory that performs integrated three-dimensional hydrospace/aerospace trajectory measurements covering the entire spectrum of undersea simulated warfare. Its mission is to assist in establishing and maintaining naval ability of the United States through testing, evaluation, and underwater research.
Canada	CFB North Bay	North Bay's air force base is the centre for the air defence of the entire Canada, and works in concert with the United States via NORAD for the air defence of Canada-U.S. portion of the North American continent.
Cuba	Guantanamo Bay Naval Base	The military facility has over 8,500 U.S. sailors and Marines stationed there.
Curaçao (Netherlands)	Curaçao International Airport	U.S. Air Force Forward Operating Base
El Salvador	El Salvador International Airport	Cooperative Security Location of U.S. Southern Command
Greenland (Denmark)	Pituffik Space Base	Around 150 people are stationed at Pituffik. The U.S. Space Force's northernmost base, and the northernmost installation of the U.S. Armed Forces. The base is home to a substantial portion of the global network of missile warning sensors of Space Delta 4, and space surveillance and space control sensors of Space Delta 2, providing space awareness and advanced missile detection capabilities to North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD), the United States Space Force, and joint partners.
Honduras	Soto Cano Air Base	Soto Cano Air Base houses 1,200–1,500 U.S. troops and is also used by the Honduran Air Force academy.

Asia

Country	Location	Details
Bahrain	Naval Support Activity Bahrain; Isa Air Base	Naval Support Activity Bahrain is home to approximately 8,500 military personnel. The mission of NSA Bahrain is to provide Operational Support to U.S. and Coalition Forces operating throughout the United States Central Command area of responsibility. [104]
British Indian Ocean Territory (UK)	Naval Support Facility Diego Garcia, Camp Thunder Cove	United States forces have used Diego Garcia since at least the mid-1960s, under lease from the United Kingdom. The island has port facilities and an airstrip capable of handling large aircraft. Currently, 1,700 military personnel reside there.
Iraq	Al Asad Airbase [105]	See also: List of United States military installations in Iraq
Israel	Dimona Radar Facility [106]	A radar facility near Dimona, owned and operated by the United States.
Japan	United States Forces Japan	There are 54,000 U.S. military personnel based in Japan – the highest number stationed anywhere overseas. [107]
Jordan	Muwaffaq Salti Air Base	Jordan hosts about 3,000 American troops. [108] Muwaffaq Salti Air Base is reported to host several MQ-9 Reaper drones, based on satellite imagery. [109] The base is partly operated by the 407th Air Expeditionary Group. [110] [111]
Kuwait	Ali Al Salem Air Base; Camp Arifjan; Camp Buehring; Kuwait Naval Base	Approximately 13,500 U.S. forces are based in Kuwait, primarily at Camp Arifjan and Ali al-Salem Air Base. [112]
Oman	RAFO Masirah; RAFO Thumrait (South of Oman)[ citation needed ]
Philippines	Antonio Bautista Air Base; Basa Air Base; Benito Ebuen Air Base; Fort Magsaysay; Lumbia Airport; [113] Balabac Island; Camp Melchor Dela Cruz; Lal-lo Airport; Naval Base Camilo Osias [114]	The Enhanced Defense Cooperation Agreement allows US forces and contractors to operate out of agreed-upon Philippines bases. The first five listed were part of the initial agreement (2014) and the latter four were added in 2023. [115]
Qatar	Al Udeid Air Base	Al Udeid Air Base is the biggest U.S. military installation in the Middle East and can house more than 10,000 U.S. troops. [116]
Saudi Arabia	Prince Sultan Air Base [117]	More than 2,700 U.S. forces are stationed at the Prince Sultan Air Base. [118] [119]
Singapore	Paya Lebar Air Base, Changi Naval Base, Changi Air Base	Singapore hosts more than 800 U.S. military personnel, civilians, and family members. [120]
South Korea	United States Forces Korea	Approximately 28,500 U.S. troops are based in South Korea.
Syria	Military base in Al-Tanf and several facilities in northern Syria, within U.S.-backed SDF territory [121]	Approximately 900 U.S. troops remain in Syria. [122] [123]
Thailand	U-Tapao Royal Thai Navy Airfield [124]	The extent of the US presence here is disputed but according to Politico, the Pentagon rents space from a contractor at U-Tapao Royal Thai Navy Airfield, allowing officials to say there's no official "base." [124]
United Arab Emirates	Al Dhafra Air Base	The UAE hosts 5,000 US military personnel at Al Dhafra Air Base. [125]

Europe

Country	Location	Details
Albania	SOCEUR base under construction in Tirana [126] [127] [128]
Belgium	Chièvres Air Base; Kleine Brogel Air Base
Bosnia and Herzegovina	NATO Headquarters Sarajevo [129]
Bulgaria	Aitos Logistics Center; Bezmer Air Base; Graf Ignatievo Air Base; Novo Selo Range
Akrotiri and Dhekelia (UK)	RAF Akrotiri
Estonia	Ämari Air Base
Germany	U.S. Military Installations in Germany; Panzer Kaserne; Ramstein Air Base; Spangdahlem Air Base; Baumholder Army Post; Landstuhl Regional Medical Center; Sembach Army Post;
Greece	Alexandroupoli Army Base, Larisa Air Base, Araxos Air Base, Syros base, Souda Bay Naval Base
Iceland	Naval Air Station Keflavík
Italy	Caserma Ederle-Caserma Del Din; Darby Military Community; Naval Air Station Sigonella; Naval Support Activity Naples; Aviano Air Base
Kosovo	Camp Bondsteel
Lithuania	Camp Herkus, Pabradė [130]
Netherlands	Volkel Air Base; USCG Activities Europe
Norway	Marine Corps garrison at Værnes Air Station
Poland	Camp Kościuszko; Powidz Air Base; Łask Air Base; NSF Redzikowo
Portugal	Lajes Field
Romania	Mihail Kogălniceanu Air Base; Câmpia Turzii Air Base; Deveselu Military Base
Spain	Morón Air Base; Naval Station Rota
Turkey	Incirlik Air Base, Izmir Air Station, Kürecik Radar Station, Ankara Support Facility
United Kingdom	RAF Alconbury; RAF Croughton; RAF Fairford; RAF Lakenheath; RAF Menwith Hill; RAF Mildenhall; RAF Welford

Oceania

Country	Location	Details
Australia	Pine Gap; Marine Rotational Force – Darwin [131]	Pine Gap consists of a massive computer complex with 38 radomes protecting radio dishes [132] and operates with over 800 employees. [133] The location is strategically significant because it controls United States spy satellites as they pass over one-third of the globe, including China, North Korea, the Asian parts of Russia, and the Middle East. [132] Central Australia was chosen because it was too remote for spy ships passing in international waters to intercept its signals. [134] : p 45–46  [135] : p xxi  One of its roles is to detect and geolocate the source of electronic signals, such as those emitted by mobile phones. This information is used by the US military to identify and geolocate targets of interest, which it can then attack using special forces or lethal unmanned drones, for example. [136]
Marshall Islands	Kwajalein Airfield, Kwajalein Atoll	United States Army airfield, the entirety of Kwajalein Atoll is a military base.

See also

• Power projection

Notes

1. What are here termed "named bases" are the bases listed in section X: "Personnel Data from DMDC", i.e. excluding that table's rows labelled "Other", in the 2015 DoD Base Structure Report.
2. The 2015 U.S. Base Structure Report gives 587 overseas sites, but sites are merely real property at a distinct geographical location, and multiple sites may belong to one installation (page DoD-3). For example, the Garmisch, Germany "named base" with its 72 personnel has eight distinct sites large enough to be listed in the Army's Individual Service Inventory list: Artillery Kaserne, Breitenau Skeet Range, Garmisch Family Housing, Garmish Golf Course, General Abrams Hotel And Disp, Hausberg Ski Area, Oberammergau NATO School, and Sheridan Barracks (listed in Army-15 to Army-17). These range in size from Ramstein AB with 9,188 active, guard/reserve, and civilian personnel down to Worms, which has just one civilian.

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Further reading

• Cooley, A.; Nexon, D. (2013). "The Empire Will Compensate You: The Structural Dynamics of the U.S. Overseas Basing Network". Perspectives on Politics. 11 (4): 1034–1050.
• Vine, David (25 August 2015). Base Nation: How U.S. Military Bases Abroad Harm America and the World. New York: Henry Holt and Company. ISBN   978-1-62779-170-0.