List of massacres in Rwanda

This is a list of massacres that have occurred in Rwanda in chronological order.

List of massacres

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

Name	Date	Deaths	Involved	Location – Circumstances
Bugesera invasion also known as the Bloody Christmas	December 21-27 1963	10,000-20,000 [1]		Various locations – Reprisals for attack by exiled Tutsis 5% of Tutsis in Rwanda killed
1991 Bagogwe massacre	January-March 1991	300 [2]	Hutu	Northwest Rwanda – Reprisal for RPF offensive
Assassination of Juvénal Habyarimana and Cyprien Ntaryamira	6 April 1994	12	Tutsi rebel Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) or government-aligned Hutu Power followers (disputed)	Kigali – 12 people, including Rwandan President Juvénal Habyarimana and Burundian President Cyprien Ntaryamira were killed when their airplane was shot down. The shootdown was the catalyst for the Rwandan genocide
Rwandan genocide	7 April – 15 July 1994	500,000–1,000,000 [3]	Hutu-led government (led by Théoneste Bagosora) Interahamwe (led by Robert Kajuga) Impuzamugambi (led by Jean-Bosco Barayagwiza and Hassan Ngeze) Other militias and gangs financed by Félicien Kabuga local Hutu extremists	Various locations – 70% of Tutsis exterminated, 30% of Twa killed
Musha Church massacre	13 April 1994	1,180-1,200 [4] [5]	Interahamwe (Hutu paramilitary organization)	Rutoma sector, Gikoro commune, Kigali – Part of the Rwandan genocide
Murambi Technical School massacre	April 18 – 21, 1994	5,000–20,000 [6]	Interahamwe (Hutu paramilitary organization)	Murambi Technical School – Part of the Rwandan genocide.
Ntarama Massacre	15 April 1994	5,000	Police, soldiers, interahamwe and local volunteers	Ntarama church, Ntarama – Part of the Rwandan genocide.
Nyarubuye massacre	April 15-16, 1994	20,000	Interahamwe (Hutu paramilitary organization)	Kibungo Province – Part of the Rwandan genocide.
Kibeho Massacre	April 22, 1995	4000+	Rwandan Patriotic Army	Near Kibeho – Rwandan government estimated death toll at 330
Gikondo massacre	April 9, 1994	110	Interahamwe militia under supervision of the Hutu presidential guard	Gikondo, Kigali – part of the Rwandan genocide.
Nyakimana cave massacre	October 23-October 28,1997	5,000-8,000 [7]	RPF	Gisenyi Province – RPF bombing of alleged Hutu displaced persons [8] [9]
Mudende camp massacre	December 10, 1997	231-300 [10]	Hutu	Northwest Rwanda – Hutu guerilla attack on Tutsi refugee camp

See also

• Attacks on humanitarian workers

References

1. "WATUSI WAR DEAD PLACED AT 20,000". The New York Times. 1964-03-08. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved 2023-09-14.
2. "Human Rights Developments". www.hrw.org. Retrieved 2023-09-14.
3. See, e.g., Rwanda: How the genocide happened, BBC, May 17, 2011, which gives an estimate of 800,000, and OAU sets inquiry into Rwanda genocide, Africa Recovery, Vol. 12 1#1 (August 1998), p. 4, which estimates the number at between 500,000 and 1,000,000. Seven out of every 10 Tutsis were killed.
4. "Folha de S.Paulo - Massacre em igreja de Ruanda mata 1.180 - 16/4/1994". Folha de S.Paulo (in Brazilian Portuguese). 16 April 1994. Retrieved 17 February 2024.
5. "Tribes Battle for Rwandan Capital; New Massacres Reported - The New York Times". The New York Times . 16 April 1994. Retrieved 17 February 2024.
6. "Numbers (HRW Report - Leave None to Tell the Story: Genocide in Rwanda, March 1999)". www.hrw.org. Retrieved 2022-03-31.
7. Rwanda: Civilians trapped in armed conflict
8. "October 23-28, 1997 – THE NYAKINAMA CAVE BOMBING - Therwandan". www.therwandan.com. 24 October 2018. Retrieved 1 January 2024.
9. "Nyakinama Cave bombing – Hutu Genocide".
10. "SECRETARY-GENERAL EXPRESSES PROFOUND SHOCK AT 'SAVAGERY' OF ATTACK AT MUDENDE CAMP IN NORTH-WESTERN RWANDA - UN Press". UN Press. 1997-12-12. Retrieved 2023-11-23.