Contents
- Ancient Greece
- Roman or Byzantine Empire
- Ottoman Greece
- Greek War of Independence (1821–1832)
- First Balkan War
- Second Balkan War
- World War II
- References
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| Name | Date | Location | Deaths | Perpetrators | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Massacre of Argos | 494 BC | Argos | 6,000 | Sparta | Argive survivors of the defeat at Sepeia burned alive in the sacred grove of Argos |
| Olynthus Massacre | 479 BC | Olynthus | All inhabitants killed | Persian Empire | |
| Drabeskos massacre | 465 BC | Draviskos | Athenian colonists | Thracians | Athenian colonists slain by Thracians. [1] |
| Massacre of Plataea | 431 BC | Plataea | 150 | Plataea | 150 Theban POWs executed |
| Fall of Plataea | 427 BC | Plataea | 200 | Sparta | 200 Plataean and Athenian POWs executed |
| First massacre of Corcyran oligarchs | 427 BC | Corcyra | Unknown | Corcyran popular party | Corcyran oligarchs executed by the popular party |
| Mytilenean revolt | 427 BC | Mytilene | 1,000 | Athens | Ringleaders of the rebellion executed |
| Helot Massacre | 425 BC | Peloponnese | 2,000 | Sparta | 2,000 Helot slaves executed by Sparta |
| Second massacre of Corcyran oligarchs | 425 BC | Corcyra | Unknown | Corcyran popular party | Corcyran oligarchs executed by the popular party |
| Destruction of Scione | 421 BC | Scione | All of Scione's men killed | Athens | Men killed, women and children enslaved |
| Massacre of Hysiae | 417 BC | Hysiae | All male citizens of Hysiae killed | Sparta | |
| Destruction of Melos | 416 BC | Milos | All Melian men killed | Athens | Women and children enslaved. |
| Massacre of Mycalessus | 413 BC | Mycalessus | All inhabitants of Mycalessus killed | Thracian mercenaries of Athens | |
| Corcyra Massacre | 361 BC | Corcyra | Unknown | Athens | Many Corcyrans killed |
| Battle of Thebes | December 335 BC | Thebes | 6,000 | Macedonian Army | The city was completely destroyed and 30,000 were enslaved |
| Argos Massacre | 315 BC | Argos | 500 | Macedonian Army | 500 Argive senators burned alive |
| Orchomenus Massacre | 313 BC | Orchomenus | Unknown | Oligarchs supported by Macedon | |
| Messene Massacre | 213 BC | Messene | 200 | Demagogues supported by Macedon | 200 magistrates and their supporters killed |
| Maroneia Massacre | 184 BC | Maroneia | Unknown | Macedonian Army | Many Maronites killed |
| Aetolian massacre | 167 BC | Aetolia | 550 | Roman Army | 550 Aetolian leaders killed by Roman soldiers. |
| Destruction of Corinth | 146 BC | Corinth | All Corinthian men killed | Roman Army | Complete destruction of the city. Population partly massacred, partly enslaved. |
| Asiatic Vespers | 88 BC | Asia (Roman province) | 80,000–150,000 | Kingdom of Pontus led by Mithridates VI | Romans and Italians killed. Served as a casus belli for the First Mithridatic War. |
| Sack of Athens | 86 BC | Athens | Unknown | Roman Army | Population partly massacred and large parts of the city burned down. |
| Name | Date | Location | Deaths | Perpetrators | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Massacre of Thessalonica | April 390 | Thessalonica | 7,000 | Late Roman army | After orders of Emperor Theodosius I |
| N/A | 1171 | Constantinople, Genoese quarter | Unknown | Venetians | Genoese victims. This was not the first time Venetian merchants had gotten out of hand. Given much freedom and power in their trade with the Empire, they had misused this freedom. In response, Emperor Manuel I cracked down on the Venetian merchants and this led to the Byzantine-Venetian war. |
| Massacre of the Latins | April 1182 | Constantinople | Unknown | Usurper Andronikos Komnenos and a mob of his Greek, Eastern Christian supporters | Massacre of Latins/Roman Catholics |
| Sack of Thessalonica (1185) | 9–24 August 1185 | Thessalonica | 7,000 | Normans of the Kingdom of Sicily | |
| Sack of Constantinople (1204) Fourth Crusade | 1204 | Constantinople | Unknown | Catholics/Crusaders | Orthodox Christians, Constantinopolitans |
| Venetian-Genoese War | 1296 | Constantinople | Unknown | Genoese | Venetian civilian victims |
| Name | Date | Location | Deaths | Perpetrators | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ottoman conquest of Lesbos | 15 September 1461 | Lesbos | 300 | Ottoman Army | 300 Italian soldiers massacred by Ottoman Army under Mehmed II. |
| Peloponnese massacres | March 1770 | Peloponnese, mainly Tripolitsa | 3,000-10,000 (plus 20,000 refugees) | Albanian irregulars | After the failure of Orlov Revolt. |
| Preveza massacre | October 1798 | Preveza | Unknown | Albanian Muslims | Complete destruction, devastation of the city. The biographer of Ali Pasha, Spyros Aravantinos, states that before the massacre, the population of Preveza was 16,000, while according to the traveler Henry Holland who visited the town in 1812 – fourteen years after the event – there were only 4,000 souls. [2] |
| Name | Date | Location | Deaths | Perpetrators | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Constantinople massacre | April–July 1821 | Occurred in Constantinople, but contemporary pogrom activities spread in parts of present-day Greece (Kos, Rhodes) [3] | unknown | Ottoman government | ||
| Navarino massacre | 19 August 1821 | Pylos | 3,000 | Greek irregular forces | ||
| Massacre of Samothrace | 1 September 1821 | Samothrace | 1,000 [4] | Ottoman army | Complete destruction, devastation of the island. | |
| Tripolitsa massacre | 23 September 1821 | Tripolis | 6,000-15,000 | Greek irregular forces | ||
| Chios massacre | March 1822 | Chios | 20,000–52,000 | Ottoman government | ||
| Naousa massacre | 13 April 1822 | Naousa | 2,000 | Ottoman army | ||
| Kasos massacre | 7 June 1824 | Kasos | 500 | Ottoman-Egyptian army | Some 2000 women and children taken and sold into slavery | |
| Destruction of Psara | July 1824 | Psara | 7,000 | Ottoman army | ||
| Third Siege of Messolonghi | April 1826 | Messolonghi | 8,000 | Ottoman/Egyptian army | Messolonghi received the honorary title of Hiera Polis (Sacred City) by the Greek state. | |
| Name | Date | Location | Deaths | Perpetrators | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Servia massacre | 10 October 1912 | Servia, Greece | 117 | Ottoman Army |
| Name | Date | Location | Deaths | Perpetrators | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Doxato Massacre | 30 June 1913 | Doxato | 500 [5] | Turkish irregulars [6] [7] | |
| Kilkis Massacre | 4 July 1913 | Kilkis | 74 | [8] [9] |
| Name | Date | Location | Deaths | Perpetrators | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Massacre of Kondomari | 2 June 1941 | Crete | 60 | German paratroopers | |
| Alikianos executions | 2 June 1941 and 1 August 1941 | Western Crete | 180+ | German paratroopers | |
| Razing of Kandanos | 3 June 1941 | Western Crete | 180 | German Army troops | |
| Doxato massacre | 28–29 September 1941 | Doxato | 200+ | Bulgarian Royal Army | |
| Domenikon massacre | 16–17 February 1943 | Domenikon | 150 | Italian Royal Army | |
| Feneos executions | March 1943-June 1944 | Feneos | no less than 1,071 | mainly OPLA | The local monastery functioned as a concentration camp. |
| Viannos massacres | 14–16 September 1943 | Viannos and Ierapetra regions | 500+ | Generalleutnant Friedrich-Wilhelm Müller leading the 65th Regiment of the 22nd Luftlande Infanterie-Division | |
| Massacre of the Acqui Division | 21 September 1943 | Kefalonia, Greece | 5,000 | German Army troops | Dramatized in the film Captain Corelli's Mandolin . |
| Kommeno massacre | 16 August 1943 | Kommeno | 317 | German Army troops | |
| Paramythia executions | 19–29 September 1943 | Paramythia | 201 | Cham Albanian paramilitary/German Army troops | |
| Lyngiades massacre | 3 October 1943 | Ligiades | 83 | German Army troops | |
| Kallikratis executions | 8 October 1943 | Kallikratis | 30+ | Jagdkommando Schubert/German Army troops | |
| Massacre of Kalavryta | 13 December 1943 | Kalavryta | 693 | German Army troops | |
| Drakeia massacre | 18 December 1943 | Drakeia, Mount Pelion | 115 | 4th SS Polizei Panzergrenadier Division | |
| 5/42 Evzone Regiment dissolution | 17 April 1944 | Phocis, Central Greece | 200+ | ELAS troops | Colonel Dimitrios Psarros also executed. |
| Pyrgoi (formerly Katranitsa) massacre | 20 April 1944 | Pyrgoi | 346 | German Army troops | |
| Executions of Kaisariani | 1 May 1944 | Kaisariani | 200 | German Army troops | |
| Distomo massacre | 10 June 1944 | Distomo | 218 | German SS troops | |
| Massacre of Pikermi | 21 July 1944 | Pikermi | 54 | German Army troops | |
| Massacre of Mousiotitsa | 25 July 1943 | Mousiotitsa | 153 | German SS troops | |
| Executions of Kokkinia | 17 August 1944 | Kokkinia | 300+ | German Army troops/Security Battalions | |
| Skourvoula executions | 14 August 1944 | Skourvoula, Crete | 36+ | German Army troops | |
| Holocaust of Kedros | 22 August 1944 | Amari Valley | 164 | German Army troops | |
| Malathyros executions | 28 August 1944 | Malathyros, Crete | 61 | German Army troops | |
| The Massacre of Chortiatis | 2 September 1944 | Chortiatis | 146 | German Army troops | Perpetrated by Friedrich Schubert |
| Executions of Meligalas | 16 September 1944 | Meligalas | c.1,000 | ELAS troops | |
| Aigaleo massacre | 29 September 1944 | Aigaleo | 65 official number, [10] estimates up to 150 [11] | German Army troops | |
| Executions of ULEN/Peristeri | December 1944 (Dekemvriana) | Athens | 3,000+ (unknown exactly) | OPLA, other minor communist groups |
The Balkan Wars were a series of two conflicts that took place in the Balkan states in 1912 and 1913. In the First Balkan War, the four Balkan states of Greece, Serbia, Montenegro and Bulgaria declared war upon the Ottoman Empire and defeated it, in the process stripping the Ottomans of their European provinces, leaving only Eastern Thrace under the Ottoman Empire's control. In the Second Balkan War, Bulgaria fought against the other four original combatants of the first war. It also faced an attack from Romania from the north. The Ottoman Empire lost the bulk of its territory in Europe. Although not involved as a combatant, Austria-Hungary became relatively weaker as a much enlarged Serbia pushed for union of the South Slavic peoples. The war set the stage for the July crisis of 1914 and thus served as a prelude to the First World War.
The Treaty of Bucharest was concluded on 10 August 1913, by the delegates of Bulgaria, Romania, Serbia, Montenegro and Greece. The Treaty was concluded in the aftermath of the Second Balkan War and amended the previous Treaty of London, which ended the First Balkan War. About one month later, the Bulgarians signed a separate border treaty with the Ottomans, who had regained some territory west of the Enos-Midia Line during the second war.
Henry Noel Brailsford was a British journalist and writer, considered one of the most prolific left-wing journalists of the first half of the 20th century. A founding member of the Men's League for Women's Suffrage in 1907, he resigned from his job at The Daily News in 1909 when it supported the force-feeding of suffragettes on hunger strike.
Doxato is a town and municipality in the Drama regional unit, in East Macedonia and Thrace, Greece. The seat of the municipality is the town Kalampaki.
Dendrochori is a village in the community Kastraki in the Kastoria regional unit, the region West Macedonia, Greece. Dendrochori is located approximately 10 km northwest of Kastoria and 6 km east of the center of the community Kastraki — the village Ieropigi. Dendrohori has 266 inhabitants (2011).
Greco-Russian relations are the bilateral foreign relations between Greece and Russia. The two countries first entered into diplomatic relations in 1828. Both Greece and Russia are members of international organizations and agreements, including the United Nations, Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, and the Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation.
The Ohrid–Debar uprising was an uprising by the population in Western Macedonia, then Kingdom of Serbia, in September 1913. It was organized by the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (IMRO) and Albania against the Serbian capture of the regions of Ohrid, Debar and Struga after the Balkan Wars (1912–13).
Greece and Italy enjoy special and very strong bilateral diplomatic relations. Modern diplomatic relations between the two countries were established right after Italy's unification, and are today regarded as cordial. The two states cooperate in fields of energy, security, culture and tourism, and are major trading partners, both in exports and imports. Greeks and Italians often exchange the phrase "una faccia, una razza", meaning "one face, one race".
The Report of the International Commission to Inquire into the Causes and Conduct of the Balkan Wars is a document published in Washington D.C. in 1914 by the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
The Kingdom of Serbia was one of the major parties in the Balkan Wars, gaining land in both conflicts. It experienced significant territorial gains in the Central Balkans, nearly doubling its territory.
Kilkis is a city in Central Macedonia, Greece. As of 2011 there were 22,914 people living in the city proper, 28,745 people living in the municipal unit, and 51,926 in the municipality of Kilkis. It is also the capital city of the regional unit of Kilkis.
Pyrgoi is a village and a community of the Eordaia municipality. It is located in Northern Greece, in the region of Western Macedonia. Before the 2011 local government reform it was part of the municipality of Vermio, of which it was a municipal district. The 2011 census recorded 768 inhabitants in the village.
Paleo Trikeri or Old Trikeri, also known as Trikeri Island, is a small island in the Pagasitic Gulf off the end of the Pelion peninsula in Thessaly, Greece. It is part of the municipal unit of Trikeri within the municipality of South Pelion. In the 2001 census it was reported to have a population of 87, but the year-round population has been estimated at 15. The island has an area of about 4.5 square kilometres (1.7 sq mi) There are no cars or roads on the island. In antiquity, the island was called Cicynethus. Ancient Kikynethos formed as polis (city-state) of Magnesia, ancient Thessaly.
Albania's Golgotha: Indictment of the Exterminators of the Albanian People, is a German published document of 1913 which was written by the Austrian publicist and politician Leo Freundlich (1875-1953). The document is a compilation of news which he gathered when traveling in the Vilayet of Kosovo during the Serbian invasion of 1912-1913, explaining in detail the full-scale massacres, rape, expulsions, torture and abuse which Albanian civilians suffered under rule by the Serb army and Chetnik paramilitaries. According to the documents of Freundlich, 25,000 Albanians were massacred in the Kosovo Vilayet halfway through the First Balkan War. The document describes the methods of ethnic cleansing which was used to remove the Albanian population of North Macedonia, Northern Albania, and Kosovo. The document was re-translated by Robert Elsie. The reports were confirmed by the International Commission to Inquire into the Causes and Conduct of the Balkan War.
Peplos is a town and a community of Feres municipal unit, Evros regional unit, East Macedonia and Thrace, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is a part of the municipality Alexandroupoli. The town's population is around 1,500 people.
The French occupation of Thessaly took place in June 1917, during the First World War, as part of the Allied intervention in the Greek National Schism. The chief military clash of the occupation became known as the Battle of the Flag.
Stamatis Stamatiou was a Greek journalist, author, cartoonist and politician. As a journalist and author he is more widely known with his initials "Stam. Stam.", his usual signature. He served as prefect in prefectures of Macedonia and Crete.
massacred+1821+constantinople+greeks.
