List of massacres in Kosovo

Last updated

This is a list of massacres that happened in Kosovo throughout history.

Contents

Ottoman period

EventDateLocationDeathsPerpetratorVictimsDescription
1878 attacks 1878 Kosovo vilayet Albanian refugeesSerbsIncoming Albanian refugees to Kosovo who were expelled by the Serb army from the Sanjak of Niș were involved in revenge attacks and hostile actions to the local Serb population. [1]
1898–1899 attacks 1898-1899 Old Serbia AlbaniansSerbs [2]
1901 massacres of Serbs 1901 Pristina and Ibarski Kolašin AlbaniansSerbs [3]
Takeover of Pristina~23 October 1912 Pristina 5,000 [4] Serbian armyAlbanians First Balkan War [5]
Takeover of Ferizaj24 October 1912 Ferizaj 1,200Serbian armyAlbanians First Balkan War [6] [7] [8]
Takeover of Prizren1912 Prizren 5,000 [9] Serbian and Montenegrin armiesAlbanians First Balkan War
Leshkobare massacre1912 Lloshkobare 8Serbian armyAlbanians First Balkan War [6]
Torching of Bobaj1912 Bobaj Serbian armyAlbaniansAll inhabitants of Bobaj were killed. [7]
Extermination of Opoja and Restelica1912-1913Opoja and Restelica thousandsSerbian armyAlbaniansSerbian troops were ordered to exterminate the population of the villages of Opoja, Gora, Bellobrad, Brrut, Rrenc, Bresanë, Zym and Qafëleshi.[ citation needed ]
Razing of Peja1912-1913 Peja Serbian army and ChetniksAlbanians [10] [11] [12]
Bytyci massacre1913 Highlands of Gjakova 51Serbian armyAlbanians First Balkan War [13]
Massacre of the Rugova tribe1913 Rugova Montenegrin armyAlbaniansEvery man of the Rugova tribe was reportedly killed. [14]
Vushtrri killings1913 Vushtrri Serbian armyAlbanians [15]

World War I

EventDateLocationDeathsPerpetratorVictimsDescription
Astrazubi massacre1914 Malisheva 227Serbian armyAlbanians90% of the houses in Astrazubi were destroyed. [16]
Peja massacres1914 Peja Serbian armyAlbanians25 civilians were killed each day. [17]
Lubishtë massacre1914 Lubishtë 104Serbian armyAlbanians [18]
Julekar massacre1914 Viti 24Serbian armyAlbanians [18]
Attack on Bytyci1915 Highlands of Gjakova Serbian armyAlbaniansThe Ushki family almost completely killed, with only one survivor. [13]
Bombardment of Vechali1915 PrizrenTetovo 65Serbian armyAlbaniansThe Serbian army shelled the village of Vecali. [19]

Interwar period

EventDateLocationDeathsPerpetratorVictimsDescription
Rugova massacre 16 February 1919 Rugova 842Army of Kingdom of Yugoslavia Albanian civilians [20] [21] [22]
Mitrovica killings1919-1921 Mitrovica 1,330Army of Kingdom of Yugoslavia Albanian civilians [23]
Peja killings1919-1921 Peja 1,563Army of Kingdom of Yugoslavia Albanian civilians [23]
Prizren killings1919-1921 Prizren 4,600Army of Kingdom of Yugoslavia Albanian civilians [23]
Ferizaj killings1919-1921 Ferizaj 1,694Army of Kingdom of Yugoslavia Albanian civilians [23]
Keqekolla massacreJanuary 1921 Keqekollë Army of Kingdom of Yugoslavia Albanian civilians [24] [25]
Prapashtica massacreJanuary 1921 Prapashticë Army of Kingdom of Yugoslavia Albanian civilians [24] [25]
Dushkajë massacre1921 Dushkajë 63Army of Kingdom of Yugoslavia Albanian civilians [26]
Dubnica massacre10 February 1924Dubnica25Army of Kingdom of Yugoslavia Albanian civilians [27]

World War II

EventDateLocationDeathsPerpetratorVictimsDescription
Massacres of Kosovo SerbsApril-May 1941Districts of Peja, Djakovica, Istok and Drenica162AlbaniansSerbsMassacres accompanied by expulsions and burning down of villages. [28]
Istok killings 1941-1943 Istok 275AlbaniansSerbs [29]
Goraždevac killings1941 Goraždevac, near Peja47AlbaniansSerbs [29]
Ibarski Kolašin massacres 30 September–10 October 1941 Ibarski Kolašin 150AlbaniansSerbs22 villages also burnt down. [29]
Ibarski Kolašin killings1942-1943Ibarski Kolašin130AlbaniansSerbs [29]
June 1942 Pristina killings Late June 1942Pristina area100AlbaniansSerbs [30]
Vareška Reka massacre June 194315AlbaniansSerbs [29]
Trepča mine executions3-7 June 1943Trepča mine, Mitrovica64AlbaniansSerbsMass shooting of Serbs by Albanians, Albanian gendarmerie and prison guards at the Trepča mine prison, most of whom were workers that had fallen ill, and among whom several were peasants from the Mitrovica vicinity. [31]
Uroševac massacre11–12 September 1943Uroševac area60AlbaniansSerbs48 were killed in the town itself, while 12 others were taken out of town and killed after being tortured. The unit responsible was commanded by Amdija Jašarević. [32]
Nekodim, Baroš Selo, Duganjevo and Plešina murders12–13 September 1943Nekodim, Baroš Selo, Duganjevo and PlešinaUnknownAlbaniansSerbs [33]
Žerovnica killings10 October 1943Žerovnica6AlbaniansSerbs [34]
Brestovik mass killing13 October 1943Brestovik19AlbaniansSerbs19 Serbs in the Serb village of Brestovik near Peja were killed by Albanian quislings on 13 October 1943. Before the Italian capitulation (September 1943), 12 villagers had also been killed. [34]
Rakoš massacreOctober 1943Rakoš65AlbaniansSerbsSerbs shot by Albanians in Rakoš, a village half-way between Kosovska Mitrovica and Peć. [29]
Peja massacresLate 1943Peja230AlbaniansSerbs [35]
Rakoš mass killings3 December 1943Rakoš30AlbaniansSerbs [36]
Siga massacre4 December 1943Siga36AlbaniansSerbs36 Serbs from the village of Siga were massacred by the Kosovo Regiment [36]
Peja mass killings4-7 December 1943Peja300AlbaniansSerbsBetween 4 and 7 December 1943, 400 soldiers of Kosovo Regiment commanded by Xhafer Deva surrounded Peć and committed mass murder of local Serbs and Montenegrins, killing at least 300 people. [37]
Tople Vode massacre1944Kačanik13Bulgarian forcesSerbs13 Serbs from the village of Vrbeštica shot by Bulgarian forces. [34]
Štrpce massacre 30 June 1944 Štrpce 50Bulgarian militarySerbsSerbs shot after the death of a Bulgarian soldier. [34]

Kosovo War

EventDateLocationDeathsPerpetratorVictimsDescription
Attacks on Likoshane and Çirez 28 February–1 March 1998Likošane and Ćirez, near Drenas 26Serbian special policeAlbanian civiliansOperation against Albanian civilians.
Attack on Prekaz 5–7 March 1998Prekaz, near Skenderaj 58VJ, SAJKLA, Albanian civiliansoperation led by the Special Anti-Terrorism Unit of Serbia which lasted from 5-7 March 1998, which goal was to eliminate Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) suspects and their families. [38] [39] During the operation, KLA leader Adem Jashari and his brother Hamëz were killed, along with nearly 60 other family members.
Volujak Massacre 17-19 July 1998 Volujak 25KLASerbian civiliansAccording to Serb authorities, 25 male Kosovo Serb civilians were executed. Serbia attributes the killings to the KLA "Orahovac group" [40]
Klečka killings 17–22 July 1998 Klečka 22KLASerbian civiliansKLA used cremation chambers to burn bodies of killed Serbian civilians, covering up the crime. 22 bodies were identified from remains. [41]
Mališevo mass grave 17-20 July 1998 Malisheva 13KLASerbian civilians12 Serbs and 1 Bulgarian were kidnapped and then executed by the KLA in Mališevo between 17-20 July 1998
Orahovac Massacre 17-20 July 1998 Rahovec 47KLASerbian civiliansMore than 100 Serbian and Roma civilians from Orahovac and its surrounding villages - Retimlje, Opterusa, Zočište and Velika Hoca - in western Kosovo were kidnapped and placed in prison camps by KLA fighters; 47 were massacred
Lake Radonjić massacre Before 9 September 1998 Glođane 34KLASerbs, AlbaniansOn 9 September 1998 the Serbian police announced the finding of a mass grave. By 16 September 34 bodies were gathered. Victims included some Albanians. [42] [43]
Gornje Obrinje massacre 26 September 1998Gornje Obrinje21Serbian special policeAlbanian civiliansOperation against KLA, in retaliation of at least 14 killed Serbian policemen, subsequent massacre with HRW claiming 21 civilians. [44]
Golubovac executions 26 September 1998Golubovac13Serbian paramilitaryKLA or Albanian civiliansFollowing Gornje Obrinje, [45] summary execution of men suspected of being KLA. [46]
Panda Bar massacre 14 December 1998 Peja 6Serbian Secret ServiceSerbian civilians6 Serb civilians killed and 14 wounded in attack on café in Peja. The KLA was accused at the time of the events, but strongly rejected any involvement. The Serbian Organised Crime Prosecutor's Office launched an investigation in 2016 and reached the conclusion that the massacre was not perpetrated by Albanians. [47] any years after the incident, the Serbian government officially acknowledged that it was perpetrated by agents of the Serbian Secret Service. [48]
Račak massacre 15 January 1999Reçak54 SAJ, JSO KLA, Albanian civiliansOperation against KLA (9 suspected KLA killed), including killings of 45 civilians. [49] Controversial topic.
Mitrovica massacre 13 March 1999Bazaar of Mitrovica6Serbian policeAlbanian civiliansAfter three grenades were thrown at the market, six people died, over 128 others were injured, many of them remained disabled for life. [50]
Velika Kruša massacre 25 March 1999 Krushë e Madhe 90–105Serbian special policeAlbanian civilians
Bela Crkva massacre 25 March 1999Bela Crkva62Serbian special police and paramilitaryAlbanian civilians
Suva Reka massacre 26 March 1999 Suva Reka 48Serbian policeAlbanian civiliansMembers of the Berisha family were forced into their family-owned pizzeria, where two hand grenades were thrown. Serbian police officers shot those who displayed signs of life. The bodies were disposed into a mass grave near a police facility in Batajnica, Serbia. [51]
Imeraj massacre 26 March 1999 Pemishtë/Cërkolez 19Serbian military police & paramilitariesAlbanian civiliansSerbian forces entered the village of Pemishtë/Cërkolez and killed 19 Albanian civilians, all members of the Imeraj family, including 13 women and children. [52] [53]
Izbica massacre 28 March 1999 Kosovo 93+VJ, police and paramilitaryAlbaniansAfter shelling of the village of Izbica, at least 93, mostly male non-combatants, were executed.
Podujevo massacre 28 March 1999 Podujevë 14Serbian security forces, Scorpions Albanian civiliansSecurity forces gunned down 19 people in the town of Podujevo, killing 14 people and injuring 5, whom were children [54]
Ljubižda massacre 31 March 1999near Prizren, Kosovo14Serbian forcesAlbanian civiliansSecurity forces reportedly shot 14 men in the village of Ljubižda, northwest of Prizren. [55]
Pusto Selo massacre 31 March 1999Pusto Selo near Rahovec 106Serbian forcesKLA or Albanian civiliansThe men were allegedly KLA sympathizers. [56] [55]
Rezala massacre 5 April 1999Rezala80Serbian forcesAlbanian civiliansSerbian police allegedly entered the Albanian village of Rezala and gunned down at least 80 villagers suspected of harbouring KLA guerrillas. [57]
Gjakova bombing 14 April 1999Gjakova73NATOAlbanian refugeesNATO accidentally bomb Albanian refugees in Gjakova.
Slovinje massacre 15-16 April 1999Slovinje near Lipjan 35-44Serbian security forcesAlbaniansBetween 35 and 44 people were shot and executed by Serbian police and paramillitaries in Slovinje and the immediate villages surrounding it (notably Smolusa) [58] [59]
Poklek massacre 17 April 199947Serbian policeAlbaniansKLA were active in the area, while a KLA checkpoint was set up in neighbouring Vasiljevo. [60] According to testimonies, 47 people forced into a room were shot by an unidentified single gunman. [61]
Ćikatovo massacre 17 April 1999Staro Ćikatovo24Serbian forcesAlbanians24 men of the Morina family were killed during a day-long raid by Serbian forces. [62] Although survivors claimed that none of the killed were involved with the KLA, several members of the family are admitted KLA members. [62]
Meja massacre 27 April 1999Meja near Gjakova 377Serbian forcesAlbanian civiliansSerbian forces retaliate for the KLA killing of five Serbian policemen in Meja on 21 April, by mass killings on 27 April in that village. [63] The number of victims is unknown, but is believed by HRW to be 300 (based on missing persons list), although very few bodies have been found. [64] Newer figures raise the number dead to at least 377. [65]
Lužane bus bombing 1 May 1999Lužane23–60NATOSerbian civiliansNATO missile attack on bridge.
Vushtrri massacre 2–3 May 1999 Vushtrri, Kosovo120Serbian forcesAlbanian civiliansAlbanian refugees fleeing the fighting that was occurring between the Yugoslav Army and the KLA were cornered by the Serb Special Forces (who suspected that some KLA members were fleeing the fighting with the refugees). The Special Forces picked out about 120 men who they suspected of being KLA deserters and sprayed them with bullets and later hid their bodies in a mass-grave near Gornja Sudimlja.
Koriša bombing 14 May 1999 Korishë 87NATOAlbanian refugeesNATO bombed a column of Albanian refugees, killing at least 87 and wounding 60.
Ćuška massacre 14 May 1999 Qyshk 41Serbian security forcesAlbaniansAn estimated twelve men killed in round-up, 29 men gathered into three houses and gunned down. [66] Unclear motive. [67]
Bilbildere massacre 16 May 1999Prizren2Serbian paramillitariesAlbanians2 men were captured by Arkan's Tigers and were summarily executed. [68]
Dubrava Prison massacre 22–23 May 1999Dubrava79–82Serbian prison guardsAlbanian inmatesInmates were extrajudicially killed or summary executed on 22 and 23 May following NATO bombings on 19 May. [69]
Tusus massacre 26 May 1999Prizren27–34Serbian forcesAlbaniansSerbian forces kill 27–34 people and burn over 100 homes. [70] Retaliation for at least two killed policemen on crossing street that morning by KLA. [70]

Aftermath of Kosovo War

EventDateLocationDeathsPerpetratorVictimsDescription
Peja killing12 June 1999 Peja 7Serbian forcesAlbanian civiliansSix members of a family were killed and one was captured and found dead. [71]
Gnjilane massacre June–October 1999 Peja 51KLASerbian civiliansKLA's Gnjilane Group burned homes and murdered Serbs and other non-Albanian civilians. The remains of 51 Serbs were discovered in mass graves in 1999.
Staro Gracko massacre 23 July 1999 Lipjan 14KLASerbian civiliansMass killing of 14 Serb farmers in the village of Staro Gracko in the municipality of Lipljan on 23 July 1999. The killings occurred after Yugoslav troops withdrew from the region in the aftermath of the Kosovo War. [72]
Ugljare massacre Before August 1999Ugljare15KLASerbsKFOR reports on 25 August 1999 the finding of 15 bodies of killed Serbs. [73] Killed months prior, the bodies were concealed by the KFOR. [74]
Klokot killings 16 August 1999 Klokot 2Albanian extremistsSerbian civiliansOn 16 August 1999, after the Kosovo War, a mortar attack carried out by Albanians killed two Serb civilians and wounded five others in the village. There had earlier that month been two mortar attacks. [75] [76]
Mitrovica massacre3-4 February 2000North Mitrovica10Serbian extremistsAlbanian civiliansSerbian extremists stormed the houses of 10 Albanian civilians and murdered them on the nights of 3-4 February 2000. [77] [78] [79]
Cernica Killings 28 May 2000Cernica3Albanian extremistsSerbian civiliansThree Serbs including a four year old child were murdered in cold blood during a drive-by shooting in Cernica, a village south of Gnjilane. [41]
Podujevo bus bombing 16 February 2001Podujevo12Albanian extremistsSerbian civilians12 dead and 40 wounded in bombing attack on bus convoy carrying Serbs traveling to Serb enclave Gračanica to visit family graves.
Stolic Family Massacre 3 June 2003Obilić3Serbian civiliansThree Serbs were axed to death. The house was then set on fire. [80] [81] [82]
Goraždevac murders 13 August 2003Goraždevac2Albanian extremistsSerbian civiliansShots fired from Albanian village on the Serb enclave kills two, an adult and a child, and wounding four.
2004 unrest in Kosovo 17-18 March 2004Kosovo16AlbaniansSerbian civiliansOn 17 and 18 March 2004, a wave of violent riots swept through Kosovo, 16 Serbs and 11 Albanians were killed during the unrest. Over 935 Serbian houses and 35 Churches were burned and destroyed. Over 4000 Serbs were expelled from Kosovo.
Talinoc Killings 6 July 2012 Talinoc i Muhaxhirëve 2Serbian civiliansA married Serb couple, war refugees who had returned to the village, were murdered in their house on 6 July 2012. After the murders, the village Serbs asked the government to secure their relocation to either Strpce or Gracanica, or else they were to leave for Central Serbia.

See also

References

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Sources