 |
The following is a list of massacres that have occurred in Albania (numbers may be approximate):
|
The following is a list of massacres that have occurred in Albania (numbers may be approximate):
| Name | Date | Location | Deaths | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Massacres of Albanians in the Balkan Wars | 1912–1913 | throughout Albania | up to 120,000 killed or died [1] [2] | Serbian, Greek and Montenegrin armies massacred Albanian civilians and made many also die from hunger and sickness |
| Name | Date | Location | Deaths | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hormova massacre | April 29, 1914 | Hormovë | 217 | Albanian men and boys were massacred by the Greek army in 1914. [3] [4] [5] [6] |
| Massacre at Panariti | July 10, 1914 | Panarit | 375 | Albanians were massacred by Greek forces during WWI. [7] [8] [9] |
| Korça massacres | May 1914 | Korçë | hundreds | Multiple massacres occurred in the district of Korçë against Albanians by Greek soldiers. [10] |
| Name | Date | Location | Deaths | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Borovë massacre | July 9, 1943 | Borovë | 107 | Nazi German forces killed civilians as a reprisal for a partisan attack [11] |
| Name | Date | Location | Deaths | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Elimination of opposition in 1947 | 1947 | Tirana | 16 | Killing of 16 Non-communists in Opposition [12] |
| 1951 executions | February 26, 1951 | Tirana | 22 | Socialist People's Republic of Albania executed intellectuals without trial [13] |
| Libofshë massacre | June 1992 | Libofshë | 5 | Brothers Ditbardh and Josef Cuko kill five members of the same family with metal bars during a robbery in the town of Libofshë. The brothers were executed for the massacre, with their hanged bodies being displayed in public. [14] |
| Name | Date | Location | Deaths | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Peshkëpi incident | April 10, 1994 | Peshkëpi, Dropull | 2 | 3 wounded |
| Massacre of 28 February 1997 | February 28, 1997 | Vlorë | 9 | |
| Massacre of Levan | March 28, 1997 | Levan | 24 | |
| Massacre of Cërrik | May 23, 1997 | Cërrik, Elbasan | 6 | 22 wounded |
| Ura Vajgurore massacre | June 17, 1997 | Ura Vajgurore | 5 | 6 wounded |
| Durrës shootout | August 7, 2009 | Durrës | 5 | |
| Albanian opposition demonstrations | January 21, 2011 | Tirana | 4 | 150+ wounded |
| Resulaj shooting | August 10, 2018 | Resulaj, Selenicë, Vlorë County | 8 | Ritvan Zykaj shoots and kills 8 of his relatives using a Kalashnikov |
Albania, officially the Republic of Albania, is a country in Southeast Europe. The country is located in the Balkans on the Adriatic and Ionian Seas within the Mediterranean Sea and shares land borders with Montenegro to the northwest, Kosovo to the northeast, North Macedonia to the east and Greece to the south. Spanning an area of 28,748 km2 (11,100 sq mi), it displays a varied range of climatic, geological, hydrological and morphological conditions. The country's landscapes range from rugged snow-capped mountains in the Albanian Alps and the Korab, Skanderbeg, Pindus and Ceraunian Mountains, to fertile lowland plains extending from the coasts of the Adriatic and Ionian seas. Tirana is the capital and largest city in the country, followed by Durrës, Vlorë, and Shkodër.
Prokuplje is a city and the administrative center of the Toplica District in southern Serbia. As of 2022 census, the municipality has a population of 38,054 inhabitants.
Shefqet bey Vërlaci, also known as Shevket Verlaci, was an Albanian politician and wealthy landowner.
Mustafa Merlika-Kruja was one of the signatories of the Albanian Declaration of Independence. He served as Prime Minister of Albania during the Italian occupation from December 4, 1941 to January 19, 1943.
Fejzi Bey Alizoti was an Ottoman and later Albanian politician who served as the Chairman of the Central Administration of Albania from January 1916 to October 1918. He never held the title "prime minister" as is commonly misconceived.
Mufid Bey Libohova was an Albanian economist, diplomat and politician and one of the delegates at the Assembly of Vlorë where the Albanian Declaration of Independence took place. He served as the first Minister of Interior of Albania, during the Provisional Government of Albania and since then has held different government positions on nine occasions between 1913–1927, holding the positions of Justice Minister, Minister of the Interior, Minister of Finances, and Minister of Culture.
Sami Bey Vrioni (1876–1947) was an Albanian politician, diplomat, and a delegate at the Assembly of Vlora which declared the Albanian Declaration of Independence. He was a respected and powerful landowner in the Fier region of Albania.
Independent Albania was proclaimed on 28 November 1912. This chapter of Albanian history was shrouded in controversy and conflict as the larger part of the self-proclaimed region had found itself controlled by the Balkan League states: Serbia, Montenegro and Greece from the time of the declaration until the period of recognition when Albania relinquished many of the lands originally included in the declared state. Since the proclamation of the state in November 1912, the Provisional Government of Albania asserted its control over a small part of central Albania including the important cities of Vlorë and Berat.
The massacres of Albanians in the Balkan Wars were perpetrated on several occasions by the Serbian and Montenegrin armies and paramilitaries during the conflicts that occurred in the region between 1912 and 1913. During the 1912–13 First Balkan War, Serbia and Montenegro committed a number of war crimes against the Albanian population after expelling Ottoman Empire forces from present-day Albania, Kosovo, and North Macedonia, which were reported by the European, American and Serbian opposition press. Most of the crimes occurred between October 1912 and the summer of 1913. The goal of the forced expulsions and massacres was statistical manipulation before the London Ambassadors Conference to determine the new Balkan borders. According to contemporary accounts, around 20,000 to 25,000 Albanians were killed in the Kosovo Vilayet during the first two to four months, before the violence climaxed. The total number of Albanians that were killed in Kosovo and Macedonia or in all Serbian occupied regions during the Balkan Wars is estimated to be up to around 120,000 or higher. Many of the victims were children, women and the elderly. In addition to the massacres, some civilians had their lips and noses severed. Multiple historians, scholars, and contemporary accounts refer to or characterize the massacres as a genocide of Albanians or the Muslim population in the Balkans as a whole. Further massacres against Albanians occurred during the First World War and continued during the interwar period.
Vuno is a village in Himara municipality, Vlorë County, Albania. It is located along the road between the municipal centre of Himarë and the village of Dhërmi in the Albanian Riviera. Vuno is inhabited solely by Orthodox Albanians.
The Peasant Revolt, also known as the Muslim uprising, was an uprising of peasants from central Albania, mostly Muslims against the regime of Wilhelm, Prince of Albania during 1914. It was one of the reasons for the prince's withdrawal from the country which marked the fall of the Principality of Albania. The uprising was led by Muslim leaders Haxhi Qamili, Arif Hiqmeti, Musa Qazimi and Mustafa Ndroqi. Along with a demand of total amnesty, the rebels required the return of Albania to the suzerainty of the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire.
The Committee for the National Defence of Kosovo was an Albanian organization founded in Shkodër on 1 May 1918. It was mainly consisted of the political exiles from Kosovo and was led by Hoxha Kadri from Pristina. It existed in looser form since May 1915.
Lumë is a region that extends itself in northeastern Albania and southwest Kosovo whose territory is synonymous with the historic Albanian tribe (fis) of the same name. It includes the village with the same name, Lumë, which is located in Albania. Luma is surrounded by Has region, Fan and Orosh (west), Reçi and M’Ujë e m’Uja, Upper Reka, Gora (east), Opoja and Vërrini of Prizren. The region itself also includes the small Arrëni tribe in the west and the Morina tribe in the east.
Independent Albania was a parliamentary state declared in Vlorë on 28 November 1912 during the First Balkan War. Its assembly was constituted on the same day while its government and senate were established on 4 December 1912.
Gjirokastër is a city in southern Albania and the seat of Gjirokastër County and Gjirokastër Municipality. It is located in a valley between the Gjerë mountains and the Drino, at 300 metres above sea level. Its old town is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, described as "a rare example of a well-preserved Ottoman town, built by farmers of large estate". The city is overlooked by Gjirokastër Fortress, where the Gjirokastër National Folklore Festival is held every five years. It is the birthplace of former Albanian communist leader Enver Hoxha, and author Ismail Kadare.
Irreligion, atheism and agnosticism are present among Albanians, along with the predominant faiths of Islam and Christianity. The majority of Albanians lead a secular life and reject religious considerations to shape or condition their way of life.
Albanians in Syria constitute a community of about 5,000 to 10,000 inhabitants, primarily in the cities of Damascus and Hama, Aleppo and Latakia. Albanians in Syria are known as الأرناؤوط (Arnā’ūṭ).
Menduh Zavalani (1889–1914) was an Albanian revolutionary and political leader active during the last years of the Albanian National Awakening. He formed his own revolutionary band and was one of the leaders that liberated Përmet and the environs from the Ottoman Empire. Menduh was an appointed delegate from his hometown Korça to the Albanian National Congress that proclaimed the Independence of Albania. In the intellectual level Menduh was noted for the translation of Friedrich Schiller's drama Wilhelm Tell into Albanian. He was assassinated at a very young age near Pogradec by a local collaborationist band.
The massacres of Albanians in World War I were a series of war crimes committed by Serbian, Montenegrin, Greek and Bulgarian troops against the Albanian civil population of Albania, Macedonia and Kosovo during and immediately before the Great War. These atrocities were a continuation of the previous massacres committed during the Balkan Wars. In 1915, Serbian troops enacted a scorched-earth policy in Kosovo, massacring tens of thousands of Albanians. Between 1912 and 1915, 132 Albanian villages were razed to the ground.
not including an estimated 100,000 dead in Albania
not including an estimated 100,000 dead in Albania
