List of massacres in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

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This is a list of massacres in the Democratic Republic of the Congo in reverse chronological order.

Contents

List of massacres from 1890 to current

This article contains dynamic lists that may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.
NameDateFatalitiesLocation – Circumstances
Kasanga massacre February 12, 202570+ North Kivu, Lubero Territory – At least 70 Christian civilians were abducted by Allied Democratic Forces (ADF) militants that entered the village of Mayba. They were executed by beheading via machetes and their bodies were discovered on February 14 in a Protestant church in Kasanga. [1] [2]
2025 Djaiba massacreFebruary 9–10, 202555+Ituri Province, Djaiba group of villages and Djaiba refugee camp – CODECO attacked a refugee camp and villages. At least 33 adults and 18 children were killed. [3] [4]
2023 Goma massacre August 27 or 30, 202356North Kivu, Goma – Protestors were shot dead by defence and security force personnel. [5]
2023 LALA camp massacreJune 11, 202346Ituri Province, Djugu territory, near Bule, LALA refugee camp – An attack on the camp killed 46 displaced people, including 23 children. People were killed with guns and machetes, or burned alive in their tents. [6] [7]
2023 April massacresApril 2023~250Ituri Province (Djugu, Irumu and Mambasa territories), North-Kivu (Beni and Lubero territories) – 250 civilians were killed in separate attacks on their villages in one month. [8] [9] [10]
Kirindera massacre March 12, 202319North Kivu, Beni Territory, Kirindera
Mukondi massacre March 8–9, 202339-44North Kivu, Mukondi [11]
Makugwe massacre January 22, 2023 (2023-01-22)17-24North Kivu, Makugwe
Kishishe massacre 29 November - 1 December 2022131-300+North Kivu, Rutshuru Territory
North Kivu attacks August 25 and 30, 202254+North Kivu
Otomabere massacre June 5, 2022 (2022-06-05)18-27 Ituri Province, Irumu Territory, Otomabere – Suspected Allied Democratic Forces attack.
Masambo attack April 3–4, 202229North Kivu, Masambo
Plaine Savo massacre February 2, 2022 (2022-02-02)60Ituri Province, Djugu territory
Makutano massacre September 3, 202130+North Kivu, Oicha Territory, Makutano
Drodro massacre November 21, 2021 (2021-11-21)44Ituri Province, Djugu territory, Drodro (refugee camp)
Kasanzi attack August 28, 202119North Kivu, Beni Territory
Maimoya highway massacre July 22, 2021 (2021-07-22)16North Kivu, Beni Territory, highway between Mayi-Moya and Chani-chani
Boga and Tchabi massacres May 30 and 31, 202157+Ituri Province, Boga and Tchabi
Bulongo massacre March 15, 202115+North Kivu, Beni Territory, Bulongo
Mwenda massacre January 4, 202123North Kivu, Beni Territory, Mwenda
Tingwe massacre December 31, 202030+North Kivu, Tingwe
Lisasa massacre October 31, 202021North Kivu, Beni Territory, Lisasa
Kipupu massacre July 16, 2020 (2020-07-16)18-220 South Kivu, Mwenga Territory, Kipupu [12]
Ndjala massacre May 17, 202022+Ituri Province, Ndjala, Hema village
April 2020 Virunga National Park massacre April 24, 202017North Kivu, Virunga National Park
Oicha massacres January 28–30, 202073+North Kivu, Oicha Territory, Mamove, Mantumbi, Manzingi, and other towns west of Oicha
2018 Yumbi massacre 16-18 December 2018890+ Mai-Ndombe Province, Yumbi, Bongende, Nkolo and Camp Nbanzi
Beni massacre August 14, 2016 (2016-08-14)101North Kivu, Beni
Masisi massacreJanuary and February 201470+North Kivu, Masisi area, three villages – Civilians were executed with machetes and their villages burnt to the ground. [13]
2014 Mutarule attack June 6, 2014 (2014-06-06)35South Kivu, Mutarule, near Luberizi
Makombo massacre 14-17 December 2009321-345 Haut-Uele District, Makombo – Attack by the Christian terrorist Lord's Resistance Army.
2008 Christmas massacres 24-27 December 2008620-860+ Haut-Uele District – Attack by the Christian terrorist Lord's Resistance Army.
Kiwanja massacre 4-5 November 2008150North Kivu – Perpetrated by the National Congress for the Defence of the People. [14] [15]
Bogoro massacre 24 February, 2003200+Ituri Province, Bogoro
Effacer le tableau October 2002 to January 200360,000-70,000Ituri Province, Mambasa and the Ituri rainforest
Kisangani massacre 13-15 May 2002183 Tshopo, Kisangani
Mouyounzi massacreApril to June 1998300 [16]
Butembo massacreFrom February 20 to April 1998300-600Butembo – Reprisals for Mayi Mayi attacks by Congolese Armed Forces. [16] [17]
Makobola massacre From December 30, 1998, to January 2, 1999800+South Kivu, Makobola – The forces of the Rally for Congolese Democracy (Rassemblement Congolais pour la Démocratie; RCD) perpetrated a massacre, resulting in the death of over 800 civilians, predominantly from the Bembe community.
Kasika massacre September 5, 1998 (1998-09-05)1,000+South Kivu, Mwenga Territory, Kasika – Massacre of Nyindu during the Second Congo War. The figure of 1,000 was estimated by the United Nations Mapping Report. The massacre was actually a series of massacres that began with the killing of 36 Nyindu civilians inside a Catholic church by Rwanda, Ugandan, or Banyamulenge forces. [18]
Massacres of Hutus during the First Congo War 1996-1997200,000-233,000 Kivu (Zaire)
Chimanga camp massacreNovember 17, 1996300+South Kivu, Bukavu, Chimanga refugee camp – Rwandan and Burundian Hutu refugees were killed by 40 rebels. [19]
Musekera massacreOctober 20, 1996 (1996-10-20)300Rutshuru district, Musekera – Three hundred Hutu civilians were bludgeoned to death by Rwandan soldiers. [20]
Lemera massacre October 6, 199637South Kivu, Lemera – 37 individuals, including FAZ (Forces Armées Zaïroises) soldiers, nurses, patients, and Zairean civilians who were in the vicinity of the Lemera hospital, were killed by the forces of the Alliance of Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Congo (AFDL).
20 March to July 199314,000+North Kivu, Walikale territory, Masisi territory, Rutshuru territory – Initially starting in the town of Mtutu, as an anti-Banyarwanda massacre by Hunde and Nyanga people, Banyarwanda fought back, starting an ethnic conflict that killed 14,000 people. Ntoto market massacre killed 500 people. [21] [22]
Mokoto monastery massacreMay 12, 1996 (1996-05-12)750North Kivu, Mokoto monastery – 750 Tutsi refugees hiding in a monastery were slaughtered by Hutu forces. [23] [21] [24]
Luamwela massacre5 July 197950 Kasaï-Oriental, Luamwela – Killing of 50 miners by the Congolese army and the Societé Minière de Bakwanga. [25]
Katelakayi massacreJuly 19, 1979 (1979-07-19)140-200Katelakayi – Killing of at least 140 miners by the Congolese army and the Societé Minière de Bakwanga. Some reports said that over 200 miners had died. [25]
Battle of Kolwezi 18–22 May 1978Hundreds Lualaba Province, Kolwezi – The Congolese National Liberation Front massacred hundreds of White European civilians during Shaba II, mostly Belgians. [26] [27]
Congo massacreNovember 19648+ Tshopo Province, Stanleyville and Haut-Uele Province, Paulis – Four Protestant missionaries, four Spanish nuns, and an unknown number of Catholic priests were brutally murdered by Simba rebels during the Simba rebellion. [28] See also: Operation Dragon Rouge
Kindu atrocity 11 or 12 November 196113 Congo-Léopoldville – Murders of 13 Italian airmen by soldiers during the Congo Crisis.
Port Francqui incident April 28, 196147 Kasai province, Port Francqui (Ilebo) [29]
1961 Luluabourg massacre27-28 February, 196144 Luluabourg – The New York Times reported that 44 civilians had been killed by government forces in revenge for the killing of three soldiers by rioters. [30]
1959 Luluabourg massacreOctober 1959300+ Luluabourg – By Lulua people against Baluba people. [31]
Léopoldville riots January 195949+ Belgian Congo
Elisabethville Massacre December 194130-70 Katanga Province
1911 Hema massacre4 December 1911200+Ituri Province – By Lendu people against Hema people. [32]
Belgian Mission - Congo Genocide1890–191010–15 millions Congo Free State – By King Leopold II, the constitutional monarch of Belgium, against African Congolese people. In the 19th century, Leopold II tried to persuade the government to colonize certain areas of Africa. Under the pretext of humanitarian purposes, he managed to legally own the Kongo Kingdom. The new name given to the colonized Kongo Kingdom was Congo Free State. [33]
See also: Atrocities in the Congo Free State

See also

References

  1. ↑ "At least 89 Christians killed by Islamists in north-eastern D. R. Congo". Barnabas Aid. 2025-02-17. Retrieved 2025-02-25.
  2. ↑ "ACN confirms brutal killing of 70 civilians by ADF forces in DRC - Vatican News". www.vaticannews.va. 2025-02-24. Retrieved 2025-02-25.
  3. ↑ "At least 55 civilians killed by militia fighters in northeastern Congo". The Times of India. 2025-02-11. ISSN   0971-8257 . Retrieved 2025-03-14.
  4. ↑ "Codeco militants kill at least 51 civilians in east Congo village attack". The EastAfrican. 2025-02-12. Retrieved 2025-03-14.
  5. ↑ "DR Congo: Little Justice for Goma Massacre Victims | Human Rights Watch". 2024-08-30. Retrieved 2025-02-25.
  6. ↑ "46, including children, killed in 'vile attack' in east DR Congo". France 24. 2023-06-12. Retrieved 2025-03-14.
  7. ↑ "Dozens killed in attack on DR Congo camp for displaced – DW – 06/13/2023". dw.com. Retrieved 2025-03-14.
  8. ↑ Intercommunal conflict in Djugu & Mahagi territories, Ituri province, Situation Report No.1 Jan -April 2023. UNICEF DRC.
  9. ↑ "CrisisWatch Database | Crisis Group". www.crisisgroup.org. Retrieved 2025-03-14.
  10. ↑ "West and Central Africa: Weekly Regional Humanitarian Snapshot (04 - 10 April 2023) - Democratic Republic of the Congo | ReliefWeb". reliefweb.int. 2023-04-14. Retrieved 2025-03-14.
  11. ↑ "Islamist militants kill at least 35 in east Congo village, army says". Reuters. Archived from the original on 2023-07-19. Retrieved 2025-02-25.
  12. ↑ Presse, AFP-Agence France. "Congolese Nobel Laureate Speaks Out Against Killings". www.barrons.com. Retrieved 2022-06-18.
  13. ↑ "UN blames DR Congo groups for 'Masisi massacre'". BBC News. 2014-02-14. Retrieved 2022-06-18.
  14. ↑ "Massacre de Kiwanja en RDC: dix ans plus tard, aucune poursuite judiciaire". RFI (in French). 2018-11-06. Retrieved 2022-06-18.
  15. ↑ Wambua-Soi, Catherine. "Revisiting massacre site". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 2022-06-18.
  16. 1 2 "Amnesty International Annual Report 1999".
  17. ↑ "Civil Society Under Attack In The Democratic Republic Of Congo - Democratic Republic of the Congo | ReliefWeb". reliefweb.int. 1998-04-03. Retrieved 2025-02-28.
  18. ↑ "CASUALTIES OF WAR". www.hrw.org. Retrieved 2022-06-18.
  19. ↑ "IRIN Emergency Update No. 42 on eastern Zaire - Democratic Republic of the Congo | ReliefWeb". reliefweb.int. 1996-11-27. Retrieved 2025-02-28.
  20. ↑ "A second Rwanda genocide is revealed in Congo". NBC News. 10 October 2010. Retrieved 2022-06-18.
  21. 1 2 Refugees, United Nations High Commissioner for. "Refworld | Chronology for Tutsis in the Dem. Rep. of the Congo". Refworld. Retrieved 2022-06-18.
  22. ↑ Democratic Republic of the Congo, 1993–2003. United Nations Human Rights Report (2010).
  23. ↑ Binet, Laurence (April 2013). "The Hunting and Killing of Rwandan Refugees in Zaire-Congo (1996-1997)" (PDF). Médecins Sans Frontières.
  24. ↑ "Letter from the Archive: The Genocide in Rwanda". The New Yorker. 2014-04-04. Retrieved 2022-06-18.
  25. 1 2 "Chronology of the Democratic Republic of Congo/Zaire (1960-1997) | Sciences Po Mass Violence and Resistance - Research Network". www.sciencespo.fr. 2016-01-25. Retrieved 2022-06-20.
  26. ↑ Odom, Lieutenant Colonel Thomas P. (April 1993). "Shaba II: The French and Belgian Intervention in Zaire in 1978" (PDF). Combat Studies Institute.
  27. ↑ "The Age - Google News Archive Search". news.google.com. Retrieved 2022-06-20.
  28. ↑ "The Congo Massacre". ChristianityToday.com. 18 December 1964. Retrieved 2022-12-10.
  29. ↑ "Today in History: How 43 Ghanaian peacekeepers were killed by Congolese army". GhanaWeb. 2020-04-28. Retrieved 2022-06-20.
  30. ↑ Times, Henry Tanner Special To the New York (1961-03-03). "44 SLAIN IN KASAI AS CONGO TROOPS FIRE ON CIVILIANS; Soldiers in Luluabourg Riot After Mob Kills 3 -- Ileo Repeats Call-Up Order 44 SLAIN IN KASAI BY CONGO TROOPS". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved 2022-12-10.
  31. ↑ "THE BELGIAN CONGO: Sounds of the Future". Time. 1959-10-26. ISSN   0040-781X . Retrieved 2022-12-10.
  32. ↑ Fahey, Dan (2013). Ituri: Gold, land, and ethnicity in north-eastern Congo. London, United Kingdom: Rift Valley Institute. p. 20. ISBN   978-1-907431-12-8.
  33. ↑ {{The Collector |last=Korfiati|first= Marietta | title=Congolese Genocide: The Overlooked History of the Colonized Congo|year=2022 |url=https://www.thecollector.com/congolese-genocide-colonized-congo/ |access-date=2024-17-10 |
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