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The following is a list of massacres that have occurred against Hazaras, an ethnic group who make up the third largest ethnic group in Afghanistan: [1] [2] [3] [4]
Date | Name | Location | Attacker(s) | Deaths | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
from Abdur Rahman Khan era till now | Persecution of Hazara people | Afghanistan-Pakistan | heads of state of Afghanistan, Taliban, Haqqani network, Hezb-e Islami Gulbuddin, ISIL, Pashtuns, Kochi people | ||
1888–1893 | Suppression of 1888–1893 Uprisings of Hazaras | Hazarajat | Afghan army under Abdur Rahman Khan | Thousands [5] [6] to 409,500 Hazaras according to a Hazara author [7] | |
February 11–12, 1993 | Afshar Operation | Afshar district, west Kabul | Shura-e Nazar, Islamic State of Afghanistan, Islamic Dawah Organisation of Afghanistan, Islamic Movement of Afghanistan | indeterminate | To counter the shelling, government forces attacked Afshar in order to capture the positions of Wahdat and its leader Mazari, and to consolidate parts of the city controlled by the government.The operation became an urban war zone, when Sayyaf's Ittehad-i Islami forces and Massoud's Jamaat-e-Islami forces committed "repeated human butchery" [8] turning against the Shia Muslims. [9] |
July 1998 | The massacre of Hazaras in Mazar-i-Sharif | Mazar-i-Sharif-Balkh Province | Taliban, Hezb-e Islami Gulbuddin | 2,000 [10] [11] to 20,000 [12] | Taliban forces by aid of Hezb-e Islami Gulbuddin attacked to vast number of Hazaras, after arriving to Mazar-i-Sharif [13] |
Between 1999 and 2000 | The massacre of Hazaras in Sar-e Pol Province | Sar-e Pol Province | Taliban | indeterminate | |
June 25, 2010 | The massacre of Hazaras in Zabul Province | Zabul Province | Taliban | 9 | For collaborating with the government and the spying, Taliban committed incredibly massacre of Hazaras |
December 6, 2011 | 2011 Afghanistan Ashura bombings | Mazar-i-Sharif, Kabul, Kandahar | Lashkar-e-Jhangvi | 78 killed and more than 150 wounded | |
July 2, 2015 | The massacre of Hazaras in Jalrez District | Jalrez District, Maidan Wardak Province | Taliban by Pashtuns supporting | 27 killed and 3 wounded | |
July 23, 2016 | July 2016 Kabul bombing | Dehmazang Square, Kabul | Attributed to ISIL | more than 80 killed and more than 231 wounded | |
October 11, 2016 | The massacre of Hazaras in Sakhi Shrine | Mosque of Sakhi Shrine, Kabul | Haqqani network, ISIL | Approx 18 killed and more than 58 wounded | |
October 12, 2016 | 2011 Afghanistan Ashura bombings | Balkh Province | Attributed to ISIL | Approx 14 killed and more than 70 wounded | |
November 21, 2016 | November 2016 Kabul suicide bombing | Baqer-ul Ulom mosque, Kabul | Attributed to ISIL | Approx 32 killed and more than 64 wounded | |
August 1, 2017 | 2017 Herat mosque attack | adwadia mosque, Herat | indeterminate | Approx 32 killed and more than 70 wounded | |
August 1, 2017 | 2017 Mirza Olang village attack | Mirza Olang village, Sar-e Pol Province | ISIL and Taliban together | Approx 50 killed | |
August 25, 2017 | 2017 Imam Zaman mosque attack | Kabul | ISIL and Taliban together | 28 killed and 50 wounded | |
Agust 15, 2018 | Mawoud Academy | Kabul, Barchi | Taliban,ISIS | 48 killed and 67 wounded | |
October 27, 2018 | 2018 Khas Urozgan District attack | Khas Urozgan District, Urozgan Province | Taliban together | 70 killed and indeterminate wounded | |
January 3, 2021 | 2021 Coal mine attack | Bolan District, Balochistan | ISIS | 11 killed [14] | All 11 miners were blindfolded and had their hands tied behind their backs before having their throats slit. |
July 4–6, 2021 | Mundarakht massacre | Mundarakht, Ghazni province | Taliban | 9 Hazara men killed [15] | Taliban used torture and extrajudicial executions to commit the massacre. |
January to June 2021 | Attacks on the Hazara community [16] | Throughout Afghanistan | Taliban, ISKP, Anonymous terrorist groups | 143 killed and 357 injured [17] | |
2022 | Kaaj girl school bombing | Kabul, Afghanistan | Unknown [18] Alleged Taliban involvement [19] ISKP [20] | at least 53 killed and over 110 injured [21] | A suicide bomber first killed the school guard and then shot at the students, then came in the middle of the classroom and blew himself up. |
2022 | After the Balkhab uprising | Balkhab District, Afghanistan | Taliban | Over 150 [23] | |
2023 | Attack on Imam Zaman Mosque in Baghlan | poli khumri, baghlan province | Taliban and Haqqani network [24] iskp [25] | over 17 killed and dozens of people were injured [26] [27] [28] [29] | |
2024 | Qala-e-Naazir Barchi in Kabul | Barchi, Kabul Province | ISIS | 17 Killed and over 14 injured | a bomb explosion inside a Toyota Coaster minibus. ISIS has claimed responsibility for this terrorist attack. |
2024 | Jibrail town, Herat province, | Herat Province | ISIS | 6 killed | gunmen targeting a "Rickshaw" tricycle in Jabrail town of Herat province, a tragic event unfolded, |
The Hazaras are an ethnic group and a principal component of the population of Afghanistan. They are one of the largest ethnic groups in Afghanistan and primarily residing in the Hazaristan (Hazarajat) region in central Afghanistan. They are also found as a significant minority group in Quetta, Pakistan and Mashhad, Iran. They speak the Dari and Hazaragi dialects of Persian. Dari, also known as Dari Persian, is one of two official languages of Afghanistan.
Mazar-i-Sharīf, also known as Mazar-e Sharīf or simply Mazar, is the fourth-largest city in Afghanistan by population, with an estimated 500,207 residents in 2021. It is the capital of Balkh province and is linked by highways with Kunduz in the east, Kabul in the southeast, Herat in the southwest and Termez, Uzbekistan in the north. It is about 55 km (34 mi) from the Uzbek border. The city is also a tourist attraction because of its famous shrines as well as the Islamic and Hellenistic archeological sites. The ancient city of Balkh is also nearby.
Abdul Ali Mazari was an Afghan Hazara politician and leader of the Hezbe Wahdat during and following the Soviet–Afghan War, who advocated for a federal system of governance in Afghanistan. He believed that this would end political and ethnic division in Afghanistan by guaranteeing rights to every ethnic group. He was allegedly captured and murdered by the Taliban during negotiations in 1995. In 2016, he was posthumously given the title "Martyr for National Unity of Afghanistan" and had a statue erected in his honor by the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan. Shortly after reclaiming power, the Taliban demolished the statue.
The Hazaras have long been the subjects of persecution in Afghanistan. The Hazaras are mostly from Afghanistan, primarily from the central regions of Afghanistan, known as Hazarajat. Significant communities of Hazara people also live in Quetta, Pakistan and in Mashad, Iran, as part of the Hazara and Afghan diasporas.
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