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This is a list of events in Canada and its predecessors that are commonly characterized as massacres . Massacre is defined in the Oxford English Dictionary as "the indiscriminate and brutal slaughter of people or (less commonly) animals; carnage, butchery, slaughter in numbers"; it also states that the term is used "in the names of certain massacres of history". [1]
Name | Date | Location | Dead/Injured/ Captives | Mechanism of injury | Perpetrator suicide | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lachine massacre | August 5, 1689 | Lachine, Quebec | 24–250 | Tomahawk, [2] fire and other unspecified weapons | No | Part of King William's War |
Massacre Island, Ontario | June 6, 1736 | Lake of the Woods | 21 | Arrows and various edged weapons including knives | No | There is some dispute about which island in Lake of the Woods was the actual site of the massacre. |
Battle at Port-la-Joye | July 11, 1746 | Port-la-Joye, Île Saint-Jean. The location now known as Hillsborough River (Prince Edward Island). | 34 / 0 | Unknown | No | Acadian and Mi'kmaqs killed 34 unarmed British (27 soldiers and 7 sailors). Part of King George's War |
Battle of Grand Pré | February 10, 1747 | Grand-Pré, Nova Scotia | 67 / 0 / 40 | Flintlock muskets, bayonets and various close-quarters weapons | No | Acadian and Mi'kmaqs took est. 40 prisoners after attack. Part of King George's War |
Raid on Dartmouth | May 13, 1751 | Dartmouth, Nova Scotia | 7–20 / 0 / 6–14 | Miscellaneous including various edged weapons | No | One of seven raids by Mi'kmaqs on British and New England forces, usually very violent with deaths and scalpings. Part of Father Le Loutre's War |
St. Francis Raid | October 4, 1759 | Odanak, Quebec | 30–200 / unk / 7–20 | Military arms including muskets, bayonets and tomahawks | No | Raid by Robert Rogers' Rangers, which was pursued and depleted before crossing back into New England. Part of Seven Years' War |
Bloody Falls massacre | July 17, 1771 | The location now known as Kugluk/Bloody Falls Territorial Park near Kugluktuk, Nunavut | 20 | Various small arms including knives and other edged weapons | No | Alleged massacre of a group of Copper Inuit by Matonabbee and his accompanying party of Dene, witnessed by Samuel Hearne |
Chilcotin War | April 30, 1864 | Bute Inlet, British Columbia | 19 | Firearms including rifles | No | Massacre of 14 employees of Alfred Waddington by various Tŝilhqot'in people who had been working on road construction without compensation for two years. |
Cypress Hills Massacre | June 1, 1873 | Cypress Hills, Saskatchewan | 23 Official, Estimated 200 | Firearm | No | Mass murder perpetrated by American bison and wolf hunters, and American and Canadian whisky traders and cargo haulers, against a camp of Assiniboine people. One of the main contributing reasons for the formation of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police. |
Black Donnellys massacre | February 4, 1880 | Lucan Biddulph, Ontario | 5 | Firearms, pitchfork, axe, shovel, clubs and a wooden stake | No | Murder of five members of the Donnelly family by an armed mob, after which their farm was burned down. The event was the culmination of long-standing conflict between the family and other residents. None of the mob were ever convicted. |
Frog Lake Massacre | April 2, 1885 | Frog Lake, Alberta | 9 | Firearms | No | Part of the North-West Rebellion |
Mass shooting Smoky Lake, Alberta | October 22, 1930 | Smoky Lake, Alberta | 5 | Firearms (shotgun) | No | Four members of the Walanski family and neighbour Wasyl Darichuk were killed. George Dwernychuk hanged March 3, 1931, Provincial Jail, Ft. Saskatchewan [3] |
CPA Flight 108 bombing | September 9, 1949 | Cap Tourmente, Quebec | 23 | dynamite time bomb | Failed attempt by one of the conspirators | Whole plane destroyed to kill one of the conspirators' wife (so he could marry his mistress) and obtain life insurance money. |
Canadian Pacific Air Lines Flight 21 | July 8, 1965 | Cariboo, British Columbia | 52 | Bomb | Unknown | Unsolved airplane bombing. |
Buffalo Narrows axe slayings | January 30, 1969 [4] | Buffalo Narrows, Saskatchewan | 7 | Axe | No | Seven members of the Pederson family were killed with an axe in their beds by a schizophrenic man, Frederick Moses McCallum. [5] |
Blue Bird Café fire | September 1, 1972 | Montreal, Quebec | 37 | Fire | No | The Blue Bird Café fire was a nightclub fire on September 1, 1972, in Montreal, Quebec. In all, 37 people were killed as a result of arson. |
Lennoxville massacre | March 24, 1985 | Lennoxville, Quebec | 5 | Firearm | No | Part of the Quebec Biker war, 4 convicted of first degree murder |
École Polytechnique massacre | December 6, 1989 | Montreal, Quebec | 15 / 14 | Firearm | Yes | Marc Lépine killed 14 women and injured 14, before taking his own life. School shooting. |
Concordia University massacre | August 24, 1992 | Montreal, Quebec | 4 / 1 | Firearm | No | School shooting. 4 killed, 1 injured. [6] |
Giant Mine Murders (Royal Oak Mines Labour Dispute) | September 18, 1992 | Yellowknife, Northwest Territories | 9 | Bombing | No | Bombing during labour dispute. One of Canada's deadliest mass murders. [7] [8] |
Vernon massacre | April 6, 1996 | Vernon, British Columbia | 9 / 2 | Multiple firearms | Yes | Estranged husband murdered wedding party. [9] [10] |
Shedden massacre | April 8, 2006 | Shedden, Ontario | 8 | Multiple firearms | No | Gang killing of own gang members. |
2014 Edmonton shooting | December 29, 2014 | Edmonton, Alberta | 7 | Firearm | Yes | 53-year-old Phu Lam murders his ex-wife and six relatives on December 29, the worst mass murder in Edmonton's history |
2014 Calgary stabbing | April 15, 2014 | Calgary, Alberta | 5 | Knife | No | Five people stabbed to death at a house party by Matthew de Grood during a psychotic episode. |
Quebec City mosque shooting | January 29, 2017 | Quebec City, Quebec | 6 / 19 | Multiple firearms | No | Islamophobic attack on the Islamic Cultural Centre of Quebec City by Alexandre Bissonnette. Ultimately, charges of terrorism were not brought forth as Bissonnette had acted independently of a terrorist organization. [11] |
Toronto van attack | April 23, 2018 | Toronto, Ontario | 11 / 15 | Vehicle | No | A van was driven along a Yonge Street sidewalk on April 23, 2018, by Alek Minassian. At least 26 were injured, including 11 fatally. [12] [13] |
2020 Nova Scotia attacks | April 18–19, 2020 | Multiple locations, Nova Scotia | 23 (including the perpetrator) / 3 | Multiple firearms, fire | No | Perpetrator Gabriel Wortman committed multiple shootings using illegal firearms and set fires at 16 locations in Nova Scotia, killing 13 with firearms and 9 in fires (22 people total) and injuring three others before the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) shot and killed him in Enfield, NS. |
London, Ontario truck attack | June 6, 2021 | London, Ontario | 4 / 1 | Vehicle | No | A terrorist attack occurred on June 6, 2021, when a vehicle was used to strike a Muslim family at the intersection of Hyde Park and South Carriage roads, south of Gainsborough Road. The suspect is 20-year-old London resident Nathaniel Veltman. Four died, one was injured. [14] |
2022 Saskatchewan stabbings | September 4, 2022 | James Smith Cree Nation and Weldon, Saskatchewan | 12 (including the perpetrator) / 18 | Multiple knives | Yes | On September 4, 2022, 28 people were stabbed, ten of whom were killed, in at least thirteen locations in the James Smith Cree Nation and Weldon, Saskatchewan, Canada. [15] One suspect, Damien Sanderson, who was later reclassified as a victim, [16] was found dead near one of the stabbing locations on September 5, 2022. [17] The perpetrator, Myles Sanderson, was apprehended on September 7, 2022, near Rosthern, Saskatchewan and died later from overdosing on cocaine. [18] [19] |
2022 Vaughan shooting | December 18, 2022 | Vaughan, Ontario | 6 (including the perpetrator) / 1 | Firearm | No | On December 18, 2022, a mass shooting occurred at the Bellaria Residences condominium tower in Vaughan, a suburb north of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Six people were killed, including the gunman, 73-year-old Francesco Villi, who was shot and killed by responding police officers. Another person was hospitalized with serious but non-life-threatening injuries. |
2024 Ottawa stabbing | March 6, 2024 | Ottawa, Ontario | 6 / 1 | 'Knife-like' edged weapon | No | On March 7, 2024, six people were stabbed to death and one was injured in the Barrhaven suburb of Ottawa [20] |
Mass murder is the violent crime of killing a number of people, typically simultaneously or over a relatively short period of time and in close geographic proximity. A mass murder typically occurs in a single location where one or more persons kill several others.
Weldon is a village in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within the Rural Municipality of Kinistino No. 459 and Census Division No. 15. The area is part of the aspen parkland biome. The village is located 2 km (1.2 mi) north of Highway 3 at the midway point between the cities of Prince Albert and Melfort, Saskatchewan. The village is just 20 km (12 mi) south of the Weldon Ferry linking it to Highway 302 and is often used as an access point to the historic Saskatchewan River Forks where the North and South Saskatchewan rivers join just 25 km (16 mi) to the northeast.
An active shooter is the perpetrator of an ongoing mass shooting. The term is primarily used to characterize shooters who are targeting victims indiscriminately and at a large scale, who oftentimes, will either commit suicide or intend to be killed by police. More generally, an active perpetrator of a mass murder may be referred to as an active killer.
The James Smith First Nation is a Plains Cree Indigenous band government whose reserve is north of Melfort, Saskatchewan, Canada. James Smith has two reserves, James Smith 100 and Cumberland 100A. James Smith has a current population of 2,412, with the on-reserve population estimated to be at 1,592 members. James Smith is part of the Prince Albert Grand Council. Bordering the reserve are the rural municipalities of Kinistino No. 459 and Torch River No. 488.
The Akihabara massacre was an incident of mass murder that took place on 8 June 2008, in the Akihabara shopping quarter in Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan. The perpetrator, 25-year-old Tomohiro Katō of Susono, Shizuoka, drove into a crowd with a rented truck, initially killing three people and injuring two; he then stabbed at least twelve people using a dagger, killing four other people and injuring eight.
The 2014 Isla Vista killings were two misogynistic terror attacks in Isla Vista, California. On the evening of Friday, May 23, 22-year-old Elliot Rodger killed six people and injured fourteen others by gunshot, stabbing and vehicle ramming near the campus of the University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB), before fatally shooting himself.
On January 22, 2016, four people were killed and seven others injured in a shooting spree in La Loche, Saskatchewan, Canada. Two brothers were killed at their home, and two teachers were killed at the Dene Building of the La Loche Community School. A fifth victim died in 2023. A 17-year-old male suspect was apprehended and placed into custody.
The Quebec City mosque shooting was an attack by a single gunman on the evening of January 29, 2017, at the Islamic Cultural Centre of Quebec City, a mosque in the Sainte-Foy neighbourhood of Quebec City, Canada. Six worshippers were killed and five others seriously injured after evening prayers when the gunman entered the prayer hall shortly before 8:00 pm and opened fire for about two minutes with a 9mm Glock pistol. Approximately 40 people were reported present at the time of the shooting.
On 6–7 April 2017, two teenage boys aged 15 and 16 went on a rampage in Queanbeyan, New South Wales, Australia, first stabbing a service station attendant to death, then violently attacking four people in a spree that continued for several hours. The attacks were investigated by Australia's Joint Counter Terrorism Task Force as a possible terrorism-related crime. On 1 May 2020 both males were sentenced. The older received a jail term of 35 years and 6 months, while the younger received 18 years and 4 months.
A vehicle-ramming attack occurred on April 23, 2018, when a rented van was driven along Yonge Street through the North York City Centre business district in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The driver, 25-year-old Alek Minassian, targeted pedestrians, killing 11 and injuring 15, some critically. The incident is the deadliest vehicle-ramming attack in Canadian history.
A mass shooting occurred on Danforth Avenue in the Greektown neighbourhood of Toronto, Ontario, Canada on the night of July 22, 2018. Faisal Hussain killed two people and wounded thirteen using a Smith & Wesson M&P .40-calibre handgun. He died by suicide after a shootout with Toronto Police Service (TPS) officers. Despite a year long investigation, authorities were unable to determine a motive for the shooting. They noted that Hussain had mental health issues and a long time obsession with violence.
A mass stabbing is a single incident in which multiple victims are injured or killed with a sharp object thrusted at the victims, piercing through the skin and injuring the victims. Examples of sharp instruments used in mass stabbings may include kitchen knives, utility knives, sheath knives, scissors, katanas, hammers, screwdrivers, icepicks, bayonets, axes, machetes and glass bottles. Knife crime poses security threats to many countries around the world.
On April 18 and 19, 2020, 51-year-old Gabriel Wortman committed multiple shootings and set fires at sixteen locations in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, killing twenty-two people and injuring three others before he was shot and killed by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) in the community of Enfield. The attacks are the deadliest shooting rampage in Canadian history, exceeding the 1989 École Polytechnique massacre in Montreal, where fourteen women were killed.
A misogynist terrorist attack in a Toronto erotic spa took place on 24 February 2020.
On June 6, 2021, 20-year-old Nathaniel Veltman rammed a pickup truck into a family of Muslim Pakistani Canadian pedestrians at an intersection in London, Ontario, Canada. Four people were killed and a fifth was wounded. The attack was the deadliest mass killing in London's history. It was condemned by Canadian leaders, and described as terrorism by Prime Minister of Canada Justin Trudeau, Prime Minister of Pakistan Imran Khan and Premier of Ontario Doug Ford.
On September 4, 2022, Myles Sanderson killed 11 and injured 18 people in a mass stabbing at 13 locations on the James Smith Cree Nation and in Weldon, Saskatchewan, Canada. Some of the victims are believed to have been targeted, while others were randomly attacked. It is one of the deadliest massacres in Canadian history.
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