List of states and union territories of India by population

Last updated April 19, 2024

India is a union consisting of 28 states and 8 union territories.^[1] As of 2022, with an estimated population of 1.4 billion, India is the world's most populous country. India occupies 2.4% of the world's area and is home to 17.5% of the world's population.^[2] The Indo-Gangetic Plain has one of the world's biggest stretches of fertile not-deep alluvium and are among the most densely populated areas of the world. The eastern and western coastal regions of Deccan Plateau are also densely populated regions of India. The Thar Desert in western Rajasthan is one of the most densely populated deserts in the world.^[3] The northern and north-eastern states along the Himalayas contain cold arid deserts with fertile valleys. These states have relatively low population density due to indomitable physical barriers.^[4]

Census of India

The first population census in British India was conducted in 1872. Since India's independence in 1947, a census has been conducted every 10 years, the first occurring in 1951.^[5] The census in India is conducted by the Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner under the Ministry of Home Affairs, and is one of the largest administrative tasks conducted by a federal government.^[6]

The latest population figures are based on data from the 2011 census of India.^[7] During the decade of 2001–2011, India's annual population growth rate has slowed down from 2.15 percent to 1.76 percent.^[7] Based on decennial census data, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu has the fastest growth rate of 55.1 percent, followed by Meghalaya (27.8 percent) and Arunachal Pradesh (25.9 percent). Nagaland recorded the lowest growth rate of -0.5 percent.^[8]

India has 641,000 inhabited villages and 72.2 percent of the total population reside in these rural areas.^[8] Of them 145,000 villages have population size of 500–999 persons; 130,000 villages have population size of 1000–1999 and 128,000 villages have population size of 200–499. There are 3,961 villages that have a population of 10,000 persons or more.^[9] India's 27.8 percent urban population lives in more than 5,100 towns and over 380 urban agglomerations.^[10] In the decade of 1991–2001, migration to major cities caused rapid increase in urban population.^[11]^[12] On the basis of net migrants by last residence during the past decade, Maharashtra had most immigration with 2.3 million, followed by National Capital Territory of Delhi (1.7 million), Gujarat (0.68 million) and Haryana (0.67 million). Uttar Pradesh (−2.6 million) and Bihar (−1.7 million) topped the list for interstate emigration.^[13] The five states of Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Bihar, West Bengal and Madhya Pradesh account for almost half (47.90 percent) of the total Indian population.^[7]

While the national average for the sex ratio shows an increase from 933 in 2001 to 940 in 2011,^[7] the 2011 census shows a sharp decline in the child sex ratio, the number of females per thousand males in a population between age group 0–6 years.^[7] States such as Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, Mizoram and Andaman and Nicobar Islands recorded an increase in India's child sex ratio.^[7] The national child sex ratio has declined from 927 in 2001 to 914 in 2011.^[7] Telangana census was separated from Andhra Pradesh state census figures, after Telangana was officially formed on 2 June 2014.^[14]

List

Data from Census 2011 as published by the Registrar General & Census Commissioner,^[15] Government of Telangana,^[16] and then Planning Commission.^[17]

(Population density is rounded to the nearest integer)

List of states and union territories of India by population
(2011 Census of India)
Rank	State or Union Territory	Population ^[18]^[19]	% India	Growth (2001-2012)	2023 Population estimate^[20]	Rural pop.		Urban pop.		Density ^{[ clarification needed ]} ^{[lower-alpha 1]}	Sex ratio ^{[ clarification needed ]}	Seats
Rank	State or Union Territory	Population ^[18]^[19]	% India	Growth (2001-2012)	2023 Population estimate^[20]	Nos.	%	Nos.	%	Density ^{[ clarification needed ]} ^{[lower-alpha 1]}	Sex ratio ^{[ clarification needed ]}	Lok Sabha	Rajya Sabha
1 (S1)	Uttar Pradesh	199,812,341	16.51%	20.2%	235,687,000	155,317,278	77.73%	44,495,063	22.27%	828	912	80	31
2 (S2)	Maharashtra	112,374,333	9.28%	16%	126,385,000	61,556,074	54.78%	50,818,259	45.22%	365	929	48	19
3 (S3)	Bihar	104,099,452	8.6%	25.4%	126,756,000^{[lower-alpha 2]}	92,341,436	88.71%	11,758,016	11.29%	1,102	918	40	16
4 (S4)	West Bengal	91,276,115	7.54%	13.8%	99,084,000	62,183,113	68.13%	29,093,002	31.87%	1,029	953	42	16
5 (S5)	Madhya Pradesh	72,626,809	6%	20.3%	86,579,000	52,557,404	72.37%	20,069,405	27.63%	236	931	29	11
6 (S6)	Tamil Nadu	72,147,030	5.96%	15.6%	76,860,000	37,229,590	51.6%	34,917,440	48.4%	555	996	39	18
7 (S7)	Rajasthan	68,548,437	5.66%	21.3%	81,025,000	51,500,352	75.13%	17,048,085	24.87%	201	928	25	10
8 (S8)	Karnataka	61,095,297	5.05%	15.6%	67,692,000	37,469,335	61.33%	23,625,962	38.67%	319	973	28	12
9 (S9)	Gujarat	60,439,692	4.99%	19.3%	71,507,000	34,694,609	57.4%	25,745,083	42.6%	308	919	26	11
10 (S10)	Andhra Pradesh	49,577,103^{[lower-alpha 3]}	4.1%	11.0%	53,156,000	34,966,693	70.53%	14,610,410	29.47%	303	993	25	11
11 (S11)	Odisha	41,974,219	3.47%	14.0%	46,276,000	34,970,562	83.31%	7,003,656	16.69%	269	979	21	10
12 (S12)	Telangana	35,003,674	2.89%	13.58%	38,090,000	21,395,009	61.12%	13,608,665	38.88%	312	988	17	7
13 (S13)	Kerala	33,406,061	2.76%	4.9%	35,776,000	17,471,135	52.3%	15,934,926	47.7%	859	1,084	20	9
14 (S14)	Jharkhand	32,988,134	2.73%	22.4%	39,466,000	25,055,073	75.95%	7,933,061	24.05%	414	948	14	6
15 (S15)	Assam	31,205,576	2.58%	17.1%	35,713,000	26,807,034	85.9%	4,398,542	14.1%	398	958	14	7
16 (S16)	Punjab	27,743,338	2.29%	13.89%	30,730,000	17,344,192	62.52%	10,399,146	37.48%	551	895	13	7
17 (S17)	Chhattisgarh	25,545,198	2.11%	22.6%	30,180,000	19,607,961	76.76%	5,937,237	23.24%	189	991	11	5
18 (S18)	Haryana	25,351,462	2.09%	19.9%	30,209,000	16,509,359	65.12%	8,842,103	34.88%	573	879	10	5
19 (UT1)	NCT of Delhi	16,787,941	1.39%	21.2%	21,359,000	419,042	2.5%	16,368,899	97.5%	11,297	868	7	3
20 (UT2)	Jammu and Kashmir	12,267,032	1.01%	23.6%	13,603,000	9,064,220	73.89%	3,202,812	26.11%	297	890	5	4
21 (S19)	Uttarakhand	10,086,292	0.83%	18.8%	11,637,000	7,036,954	69.77%	3,049,338	30.23%	189	963	5	3
22 (S20)	Himachal Pradesh	6,864,602	0.57%	12.9%	7,468,000	6,176,050	89.97%	688,552	10.03%	123	972	4	3
23 (S21)	Tripura	3,673,917	0.3%	14.8%	4,147,000	2,712,464	73.83%	961,453	26.17%	350	960	2	1
24 (S22)	Meghalaya	2,966,889	0.25%	27.9%	3,349,000	2,371,439	79.93%	595,450	20.07%	132	989	2	1
25 (S23)	Manipur ^{[lower-alpha 4]}	2,570,390	0.21%	24.5%	3,223,000	1,793,875	69.79%	776,515	30.21%	122	992	2	1
26 (S24)	Nagaland	1,978,502	0.16%	−0.6%	2,233,000	1,407,536	71.14%	570,966	28.86%	119	931	1	1
27 (S25)	Goa	1,458,545	0.12%	8.2%	1,575,000	551,731	37.83%	906,814	62.17%	394	973	2	1
28 (S26)	Arunachal Pradesh	1,383,727	0.11%	26.0%	1,562,000	1,066,358	77.06%	317,369	22.94%	17	938	2	1
29 (UT3)	Puducherry	1,247,953	0.1%	28.1%	1,646,000	395,200	31.67%	852,753	68.33%	2,598	1,037	1	1
30 (S27)	Mizoram	1,097,206	0.09%	23.5%	1,238,000	525,435	47.89%	571,771	52.11%	52	976	1	1
31 (UT4)	Chandigarh	1,055,450	0.09%	17.2%	1,231,000	28,991	2.75%	1,026,459	97.25%	9,252	818	1	– ^{[lower-alpha 5]}
32 (S28)	Sikkim	610,577	0.05%	12.9%	689,000	456,999	74.85%	153,578	25.15%	86	890	1	1
33 (UT5)	Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu	585,764	0.05%	55.1%	1,263,000	243,510	41.57%	342,254	58.43%	970	711	2	– ^{[lower-alpha 6]}
34 (UT6)	Andaman and Nicobar Islands	380,581	0.03%	6.9%	403,000	237,093	62.3%	143,488	37.7%	46	876	1	– ^{[lower-alpha 7]}
35 (UT7)	Ladakh	274,000	0.02%	17.8%	300,000	43,840	16%	230,160	84%	2.8	853	1	– ^{[lower-alpha 8]}
36 (UT8)	Lakshadweep	64,473	0.01%	6.3%	69,000	14,141	21.93%	50,332	78.07%	2,013	946	1	– ^{[lower-alpha 9]}
Total	India	1,210,569,573	100%	17.7%	1,388,163,000	833,463,448	68.84%	377,106,125	31.16%	382	943	543	245 (233+12)^{[lower-alpha 10]}

Notes

↑ For determining population density of India and the State of Jammu and Kashmir, the data excludes areas claimed by India but controlled by Pakistan (78,114 km²) and China (5,180 km² in Shaksgam Valley and 37,555 km² under Aksai Chin and other areas).^[21]^[22]
↑ population of caste census finished in Oct 2023 was 130.7 million^[23]
↑ Calculated by subtracting the population of Telangana from Andhra Pradesh's Census 2011 figures.
↑ Excludes Mao-Maram, Paomata, and Purul sub-divisions of Senapati district of Manipur.
↑ No state legislature
↑ No state legislature
↑ No state legislature
↑ No state legislature
↑ No state legislature
↑ Includes 12 Presidential nominations

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References

↑ "National Portal of India". www.india.gov.in. Retrieved 2022-08-08.
↑ "Census and you - Area And Population". 2007-12-26. Archived from the original on 26 December 2007. Retrieved 2022-08-08.
↑ "Report of the Task Force on Grasslands and Deserts" (PDF). 2011-12-10. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 December 2011. Retrieved 2022-08-08.
↑ "India - General Profile, Land Use Classification and Land Use Pattern" (PDF). 2006-05-14. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 May 2006. Retrieved 2022-08-08.
↑ "Census Organisation of India". Government of India (2001). Census of India. Archived from the original on December 1, 2008. Retrieved 2008-12-04.
↑ "Brief history of census". Government of India (2001). Census of India. Archived from the original on 2013-11-13. Retrieved 2008-10-26.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "India Census 2011, Provisional Population Totals". The Hindu. Chennai, India.^{[ dead link ]}
1 2 "Archived copy" (PDF). The Hindu . Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-11-03.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
↑ "Area and Population". Government of India (2001). Census of India. Archived from the original on 2007-12-26. Retrieved 2008-10-26.
↑ "Urban Agglomerations (UAs) & towns". Government of India (2001). Census of India. Archived from the original on 2013-11-13. Retrieved 2008-12-04.
↑ Shinde, Swati (13 Sep 2008). "Migration rate to city will dip". The Times of India . Archived from the original on 5 November 2012. Retrieved 2008-12-08.
↑ "Develop towns to stop migration to urban areas: economist". The Hindu . Chennai, India. Dec 3, 2005. Archived from the original on December 5, 2005. Retrieved 2008-12-08.
↑ "Migration". Government of India (2001). Census of India. Archived from the original on 2013-11-13. Retrieved 2008-10-26.
↑ "T-party today: India's 29th state Telangana is born - Times of India ►". The Times of India . 2 June 2014. Archived from the original on 17 September 2018. Retrieved 15 September 2018.
↑ "Population and decadal change by residence : 2011 (PERSONS)" (PDF). Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. p. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-06-24. Retrieved 2019-01-15.
↑ "Statistical Year Book 2015" (PDF). telangana.gov.in. Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Government of Telangana. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 October 2019. Retrieved 4 March 2019.
↑ "Census 2011 (Final Data) - Demographic details, Literate Population (Total, Rural & Urban)" (PDF). planningcommission.gov.in. Planning Commission, Government of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 January 2018. Retrieved 15 January 2019.
↑ "List of states with Population, Sex Ratio and Literacy Census 2011". www.census2011.co.in. Retrieved 2023-04-30.
↑ "Census 2011: Population in States and Union Territories of India". Jagranjosh.com. 2016-10-14. Retrieved 2023-04-30.
↑ "Indian states 2023 population estimates". www.main.mohfw.gov.in. 2023-12-01. Retrieved 2024-03-29.
↑ "J&K 2011 Population density census" (PDF). Archived from the original on 2018-12-25. Retrieved 2022-01-06.
↑ "Religion PCA 2011 J&K census". Archived from the original on 2016-02-09. Retrieved 2016-01-14.
↑ "Bihar's Caste Census: A Game-Changer in Indian Politics!". 3 October 2023.

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[23] For determining population density of India and the State of Jammu and Kashmir, the data excludes areas claimed by India but controlled by Pakistan (78,114 km²) and China (5,180 km² in Shaksgam Valley and 37,555 km² under Aksai Chin and other areas).^[21]^[22]

[25] ulation of caste census finished in Oct 2023 was 130.7 million^[23]

[26] Calculated by subtracting the population of Telangana from Andhra Pradesh's Census 2011 figures.

[27] Excludes Mao-Maram, Paomata, and Purul sub-divisions of Senapati district of Manipur.

[28] No state legislature

[29] No state legislature

[30] No state legislature

[31] No state legislature

[32] No state legislature

[33] Includes 12 Presidential nominations

[1] "National Portal of India". www.india.gov.in. Retrieved 2022-08-08.

[2] "Census and you - Area And Population". 2007-12-26. Archived from the original on 26 December 2007. Retrieved 2022-08-08.

[3] "Report of the Task Force on Grasslands and Deserts" (PDF). 2011-12-10. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 December 2011. Retrieved 2022-08-08.

[4] "India - General Profile, Land Use Classification and Land Use Pattern" (PDF). 2006-05-14. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 May 2006. Retrieved 2022-08-08.

[5] "Census Organisation of India". Government of India (2001). Census of India. Archived from the original on December 1, 2008. Retrieved 2008-12-04.

[Brief_history_of_census-6] "Brief history of census". Government of India (2001). Census of India. Archived from the original on 2013-11-13. Retrieved 2008-10-26.

[thehindu2-7] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "India Census 2011, Provisional Population Totals". The Hindu. Chennai, India.^{[ dead link ]}

[thehindu.com-8] 1 2 "Archived copy" (PDF). The Hindu . Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-11-03.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

[Area_and_Population-9] "Area and Population". Government of India (2001). Census of India. Archived from the original on 2007-12-26. Retrieved 2008-10-26.

[Urban_Agglomerations_(UAs)_&_towns-10] "Urban Agglomerations (UAs) & towns". Government of India (2001). Census of India. Archived from the original on 2013-11-13. Retrieved 2008-12-04.

[Migration_rate_to_city_will_dip-11] Shinde, Swati (13 Sep 2008). "Migration rate to city will dip". The Times of India . Archived from the original on 5 November 2012. Retrieved 2008-12-08.

[Develop_towns_to_stop_migration_to_urban_areas:_economist-12] "Develop towns to stop migration to urban areas: economist". The Hindu . Chennai, India. Dec 3, 2005. Archived from the original on December 5, 2005. Retrieved 2008-12-08.

[Migration-13] "Migration". Government of India (2001). Census of India. Archived from the original on 2013-11-13. Retrieved 2008-10-26.

[14] "T-party today: India's 29th state Telangana is born - Times of India ►". The Times of India . 2 June 2014. Archived from the original on 17 September 2018. Retrieved 15 September 2018.

[15] "Population and decadal change by residence : 2011 (PERSONS)" (PDF). Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. p. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-06-24. Retrieved 2019-01-15.

[16] "Statistical Year Book 2015" (PDF). telangana.gov.in. Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Government of Telangana. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 October 2019. Retrieved 4 March 2019.

[pc-census2011-17] "Census 2011 (Final Data) - Demographic details, Literate Population (Total, Rural & Urban)" (PDF). planningcommission.gov.in. Planning Commission, Government of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 January 2018. Retrieved 15 January 2019.

[18] "List of states with Population, Sex Ratio and Literacy Census 2011". www.census2011.co.in. Retrieved 2023-04-30.

[19] "Census 2011: Population in States and Union Territories of India". Jagranjosh.com. 2016-10-14. Retrieved 2023-04-30.

[:2023-20] "Indian states 2023 population estimates". www.main.mohfw.gov.in. 2023-12-01. Retrieved 2024-03-29.

[jkexclude1-21] "J&K 2011 Population density census" (PDF). Archived from the original on 2018-12-25. Retrieved 2022-01-06.

[jkexclude2-22] "Religion PCA 2011 J&K census". Archived from the original on 2016-02-09. Retrieved 2016-01-14.

[24] "Bihar's Caste Census: A Game-Changer in Indian Politics!". 3 October 2023.

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