| Milecastle 42 | |
|---|---|
 The remains of Milecastle 42 | |
  Location within Northumberland | |
| Type | Milecastle |
| Location | |
| Coordinates | 54°59′38″N2°26′45″W / 54.993992°N 2.445829°W |
| County | Northumberland |
| Country | England |
| Reference | |
| UK-OSNG reference | NY7157466692 |
Milecastle 42 (Cawfields) is a milecastle on Hadrian's Wall (grid reference NY7157466692 ).
Milecastle 42 is on a steep south-facing slope, 10 metres south of Cawfield Crags, and looks over Hole Gap to the west. [1] It is on a well-preserved section of Hadrian's Wall. It measures 17.8 metres east–west by 14.4 metres north–south internally, with walls 2.8 metres thick and 1.4 metres high. [1]
It was excavated in 1847–48 and again in 1936. [1] The 1847–48 excavation uncovered part of a dedication slab indicating that the milecastle had been built by the Legio II Augusta. [1] The 1936 excavations showed that the milecastle had a short axis, with a Type I gateway. [1]
Each milecastle on Hadrian's Wall had two associated turret structures. These turrets were positioned approximately one-third and two-thirds of a Roman mile to the west of the Milecastle, and would probably have been manned by part of the milecastle's garrison. The turrets associated with Milecastle 42 are known as Turret 42A and Turret 42B.
Turret 42A (Burn Head) (grid reference NY713666 ) has not been located as its remains have been destroyed by quarrying. [2]
Turret 42B (Great Chesters) (grid reference NY70846682 ) was located by exploratory excavation in 1912. [3] The site is visible as a turf-covered platform 0.5 metres high. [3]
The milecastle and the site of Turrets 42B are both accessible via the Hadrian's Wall Path. Cawfields Picnic Area car park is on the line of the Hadrian's Wall Path, between the two sites. It is signposted from the B6318 (Military Road).
Milecastle 80 was one of a series of Milecastles or small fortlets built at intervals of approximately one Roman mile along Hadrian's Wall.
Milecastle 79 (Solway House) was one of a series of Milecastles or small fortlets built at intervals of approximately one Roman mile along Hadrian's Wall (grid reference NY23596224).
Milecastle 78 (Kirkland) was one of a series of Milecastles or small fortlets built at intervals of approximately one Roman mile along Hadrian's Wall (grid reference NY245613).
Milecastle 76 (Drumburgh) was one of a series of Milecastles or small fortlets built at intervals of approximately one Roman mile along Hadrian's Wall (grid reference NY26685987).
Milecastle 74 (Burgh Marsh) was one of a series of milecastles or small fortlets built at intervals of approximately one Roman mile along Hadrian's Wall (grid reference NY29575965).
Milecastle 73 (Dykesfield) was one of a series of Milecastles or small fortlets built at intervals of approximately one Roman mile along Hadrian's Wall (grid reference NY30975937).
Milecastle 72 (Fauld Farm) was one of a series of Milecastles or small fortlets built at intervals of approximately one Roman mile along Hadrian's Wall (grid reference NY32415913).
Milecastle 40 (Winshields) was a milecastle on Hadrian's Wall (grid reference NY74566758).
Milecastle 54 (Randylands) was a milecastle on Hadrian's Wall (grid reference NY55066444).
Milecastle 55 (Low Wall) was a milecastle on Hadrian's Wall (grid reference NY53596437).
Milecastle 56 (Walton) was a milecastle on Hadrian's Wall (grid reference NY522643).
Milecastle 57 (Cambeckhill) was a milecastle on Hadrian's Wall (grid reference NY50816368).
Milecastle 58 (Newtown) was a milecastle on Hadrian's Wall (grid reference NY49786258).
Milecastle 59 (Old Wall) was a milecastle on Hadrian's Wall (grid reference NY48546174).
Milecastle 63 (Walby West) was a milecastle on Hadrian's Wall (grid reference NY43155973).
Milecastle 64 (Drawdykes) was a milecastle on Hadrian's Wall (grid reference NY41775874).
Milecastle 65 (Tarraby) was a milecastle on Hadrian's Wall (grid reference NY40855793).
Milecastle 50TW (High House) was a milecastle on the Turf Wall section of Hadrian's Wall (grid reference NY60716583). The milecastle is located close to the Birdoswald Roman Fort and is unique in that it was not replaced by a stone milecastle when the turf wall was upgraded to stone, the replacement wall instead running some 200m to the north. The milecastle was partially demolished by the Romans after it was abandoned. The milecastle was excavated in 1934 and several Roman rubbish pits discovered. The remains of the two turrets associated with this milecastle (which were demolished when the turf wall was abandoned) have also been located. As the turf wall lies some distance from the stone wall, the sites are not accessible from the Hadrian's Wall Path.
Milecastle 70 (Braelees) was one of a series of Milecastles or small fortlets built at intervals of approximately one Roman mile along Hadrian's Wall (grid reference NY35155898).
Media related to Milecastle 42 at Wikimedia Commons
Forts and structures of Hadrian's Wall | ||
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| Wall Forts (East to West) |   | |
| Outpost Forts | ||
| Stanegate Forts |
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| Supply Forts | ||
| Cumbrian Coast Forts (North to South) |
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| Milecastles | ||
| Milefortlets | ||
| Other structures on Hadrian's Wall | ||
| Regular and linear features | ||
| Authority control databases: Geographic |
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