| Milecastle 54 | |
|---|---|
 Small fragment of Hadrian's Wall visible to the west of the site of Milecastle 54 | |
  Location within Cumbria | |
| Type | Milecastle |
| Location | |
| Coordinates | 54°58′21″N2°42′13″W / 54.972582°N 2.703493°W |
| County | Cumbria |
| Country | England |
| Reference | |
| UK-OSNG reference | NY55066444 |
Milecastle 54 (Randylands) was a milecastle on Hadrian's Wall (grid reference NY55066444 ).
Milecastle 54 is on a west-facing hill-slope northwest of the village of Lanercost. There is no trace of the milecastle visible, except for some indistinct earthworks. [1]
A small section of Hadrian's Wall can be seen about 250 metres west of Milecastle 54, on the west side of Burtholme Beck. [2] It stands as a length of mortared wall core about 1.7 metres high. [2]
Milecastle 54 was excavated in 1934. [1] It measured internally 19.3 metres east to west by 23.3 metres north to south. [1] It contained a west barrack comprising two rooms, one of which had stone benches, a hearth and a millstone. [1] It overlay an earlier Turf Wall milecastle. [1]
Each milecastle on Hadrian's Wall had two associated turret structures. These turrets were positioned approximately one-third and two-thirds of a Roman mile to the west of the Milecastle, and would probably have been manned by part of the milecastle's garrison. The turrets associated with Milecastle 54 are known as Turret 54A and Turret 54B.
Turret 54A (Garthside) (grid reference NY54546439 ) was excavated in 1933. [3] The excavations revealed two stone turrets. The earlier turret had stood upon bad ground and its front wall had collapsed, after which the second had been built upon the firmer crest of the hill. [3] The pottery found at both turrets suggested they were built in the early 2nd century and occupation probably ceased about 180 AD. [3] There are no surface remains visible. [3]
Hadrian's Wall in the vicinity of Turret 54A survives as a substantial turf covered bank at the base of a hedge. [2]
Turret 54B (Howgill) (grid reference NY54076439 ) was also excavated in 1933. [4] The excavations uncovered four courses of red sandstone masonry. [4] There are no surface remains visible. [4]
A small inscribed centurial stone can be seen 190 metres southwest of the site of Turret 54B. It was found in or before 1717, and is built into the external wall of the east range of buildings at Howgill Farm. It records the work done by the Catuvellauni in rebuilding this section of Hadrian's Wall in AD 369. [5]
Milecastle 49 (Harrows Scar) was a milecastle on Hadrian's Wall (grid reference NY6202866407).
Milecastle 53 (Banks Burn) was a milecastle on Hadrian's Wall (grid reference NY56486460).
Milecastle 79 (Solway House) was one of a series of Milecastles or small fortlets built at intervals of approximately one Roman mile along Hadrian's Wall (grid reference NY23596224).
Milecastle 78 (Kirkland) was one of a series of Milecastles or small fortlets built at intervals of approximately one Roman mile along Hadrian's Wall (grid reference NY245613).
Milecastle 73 (Dykesfield) was one of a series of Milecastles or small fortlets built at intervals of approximately one Roman mile along Hadrian's Wall (grid reference NY30975937).
Milecastle 72 (Fauld Farm) was one of a series of Milecastles or small fortlets built at intervals of approximately one Roman mile along Hadrian's Wall (grid reference NY32415913).
Milecastle 71 (Wormanby) was one of a series of Milecastles or small fortlets built at intervals of approximately one Roman mile along Hadrian's Wall (grid reference NY33805920).
Milecastle 42 (Cawfields) is a milecastle on Hadrian's Wall (grid reference NY7157466692).
Milecastle 44 (Allolee) was a milecastle on Hadrian's Wall (grid reference NY68886694).
Milecastle 40 (Winshields) was a milecastle on Hadrian's Wall (grid reference NY74566758).
Milecastle 55 (Low Wall) was a milecastle on Hadrian's Wall (grid reference NY53596437).
Milecastle 56 (Walton) was a milecastle on Hadrian's Wall (grid reference NY522643).
Milecastle 57 (Cambeckhill) was a milecastle on Hadrian's Wall (grid reference NY50816368).
Milecastle 58 (Newtown) was a milecastle on Hadrian's Wall (grid reference NY49786258).
Milecastle 59 (Old Wall) was a milecastle on Hadrian's Wall (grid reference NY48546174).
Milecastle 62 (Walby East) was a milecastle on Hadrian's Wall (grid reference NY44306049).
Milecastle 64 (Drawdykes) was a milecastle on Hadrian's Wall (grid reference NY41775874).
Milecastle 65 (Tarraby) was a milecastle on Hadrian's Wall (grid reference NY40855793).
Milecastle 50TW (High House) was a milecastle on the Turf Wall section of Hadrian's Wall (grid reference NY60716583). The milecastle is located close to the Birdoswald Roman Fort and is unique in that it was not replaced by a stone milecastle when the turf wall was upgraded to stone, the replacement wall instead running some 200m to the north. The milecastle was partially demolished by the Romans after it was abandoned. The milecastle was excavated in 1934 and several Roman rubbish pits discovered. The remains of the two turrets associated with this milecastle (which were demolished when the turf wall was abandoned) have also been located. As the turf wall lies some distance from the stone wall, the sites are not accessible from the Hadrian's Wall Path.
Milecastle 70 (Braelees) was one of a series of Milecastles or small fortlets built at intervals of approximately one Roman mile along Hadrian's Wall (grid reference NY35155898).
Forts and structures of Hadrian's Wall | ||
|---|---|---|
| Wall Forts (East to West) |   | |
| Outpost Forts | ||
| Stanegate Forts |
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| Supply Forts | ||
| Cumbrian Coast Forts (North to South) |
| |
| Milecastles | ||
| Milefortlets | ||
| Other structures on Hadrian's Wall | ||
| Regular and linear features | ||
| Authority control databases: Geographic |
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