Milecastle 1

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Milecastle 1
Tyne and Wear, England, UK
Fossway (A187) heading west - geograph.org.uk - 2879622.jpg
A187 road in the vicinity of Milecastle 1
Tyne and Wear UK location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Milecastle 1
Location in Tyne and Wear
Coordinates 54°59′01″N1°33′02″W / 54.983494°N 1.550492°W / 54.983494; -1.550492 Coordinates: 54°59′01″N1°33′02″W / 54.983494°N 1.550492°W / 54.983494; -1.550492
Grid reference NZ28866552

Milecastle 1 (Stott's Pow) was a milecastle of the Roman Hadrian's Wall. It was located near the (now disappeared) valley of Stott's Pow. Its remains are covered over, and are located beneath the recreation ground at Miller's Dene. [1] Early excavations and investigations of Turret 0B were mistakenly interpreted as Milecastle 1. [2] The Milecastle sits within the parish of Wallsend. [3]

Contents

Construction

Milecastle 1 was a short-axis milecastle of unknown gateway type. Short-axis milecastles were thought to have been constructed by the legio II Augusta who were based in Isca Augusta (Caerleon). [4]

Milecastle 1 Easting and Northing:

Easting: 360162

Northing: 563796 [5]

Milecastle 1 English Heritage number: 1003507. [6]

Excavations and investigations

Associated turrets

Each milecastle on Hadrian's Wall had two associated turret structures. These turrets were positioned approximately one-third and two-thirds of a Roman mile to the west of the Milecastle, and would probably have been manned by part of the milecastle's garrison. The turrets associated with Milecastle 1 are known as Turret 1A and Turret 1B.

Turret 1A

Turret 1B

Monument records

MonumentMonument Number English Heritage Archive Number
Milecastle 124837NZ 26 NE 24
Turret 1A24781NZ 26 NE 4
Turret 1A (alternative)24778NZ 26 NE 3
Turret 1B24786NZ 26 NE 5

Related Research Articles

Milecastle 4

Milecastle 4 was a milecastle of the Roman Hadrian's Wall. Its remains exist beneath the Newcastle Arts Centre at 67-75 Westgate Road. This position is some way away from its predicted position which is at these coordinates: 54.970440°N 1.608669°W The actual location is between the predicted positions of Turrets 4A and 4B, which has led to suggestions that the numbering and positioning of milecastles and turrets on this part of Hadrian's Wall should be reconsidered.

Milecastle 3

Milecastle 3 (Ouseburn) was a milecastle of the Roman Hadrian's Wall. No remains exist, but it was thought to have been located at the junction of the A187 Byker Bridge and Stephen Street.

Milecastle 0

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Milecastle 2

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Milecastle 6

Milecastle 6 was a milecastle of the Roman Hadrian's Wall.

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Milecastle 8

Milecastle 8 was a milecastle of the Roman Hadrian's Wall. Its remains are located in West Denton, Newcastle upon Tyne. The milecastle has two associated turret structures that are known as turret 8A and turret 8B. The turrets and milecastle were excavated in the 1920s, yielding some pottery and stone carvings, and have since been overlain by modern roads. The exact location of the structures is disputed, with the road hiding any surface traces. The Milecastle forms part of the Hadrian's Wall World Heritage Site.

Milecastle 9

Milecastle 9 was a milecastle of the Roman Hadrian's Wall. Its remains exist partially as a low platform, and are located in West Denton, 300 yards (270 m) from Chapel House Farm. However, the northern part of the remains are now mostly covered by the modern roads (A69/B6528). The milecastle marks a watershed between those with relatively well-defined positions and those whose position are less certain.

Milecastle 12

Milecastle 12 (Heddon) was a milecastle of the Roman Hadrian's Wall. Its remains lay under Town Farm, Heddon-on-the-Wall, with nothing visible on the surface.

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Milecastle 15

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Milecastle 22

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Milecastle 23

Milecastle 23 (Stanley) was a milecastle of the Roman Hadrian's Wall. Its remains exist as a low, grass covered platform with traces of an external ditch. It is located to the south of the B6318 Military Road around 1.5 kilometres (0.93 mi) west of its junction with the A68.

Milecastle 27

Milecastle 27 was a milecastle of the Roman Hadrian's Wall. It was located on the line of Hadrian's Wall, approximately midway between the A6079 and the River North Tyne. Its remains survive as a slight squarish platform with a maximum height of 0.4 metres (1.3 ft), but it is poorly defined to the north and east.

Milecastle 29

Milecastle 29 was a milecastle of the Roman Hadrian's Wall. Its remains exist as a mutilated earth platform accentuated by deep robber-trenches around all sides, and are located beside the B6318 Military Road. Like Milecastles 9, 23, 25, and 51, a ditch has been identified around the Milecastle, and is still visible to a small extent. It has been postulated that this was as a result of the need for drainage on the site.

Milecastle 30

Milecastle 30 was a milecastle of the Roman Hadrian's Wall. Its remains exist as an outward-facing scarp with a maximum height of 0.8 metres (2.6 ft). Masonry from the east wall remains in situ. The remaining stretch is 3.1 metres (10 ft) in length by 2.25 metres (7.4 ft) thick, and survives to a height of 0.6 metres (2.0 ft). It is located at the western part of Limestone Corner, just off the B6318 Military Road.

Milecastle 32

Milecastle 32 (Carraw) was a milecastle of the Roman Hadrian's Wall. Its remains exist as earthworks and with no exposed masonry. The layout of the milecastle walls is defined by robber trenches (to a maximum depth of 0.3 metres. The north wall is beneath a modern wall.

Milecastle 58

Milecastle 58 (Newtown) was a milecastle on Hadrian's Wall.

Milecastle 50TW

Milecastle 50TW was a milecastle on the Turf Wall section of Hadrian's Wall. The milecastle is located close to the Birdoswald Roman Fort and is unique in that it was not replaced by a stone milecastle when the turf wall was upgraded to stone, the replacement wall instead running some 200m to the north. The milecastle was partially demolished by the Romans after it was abandoned. The milecastle was excavated in 1934 and several Roman rubbish pits discovered. The remains of the two turrets associated with this milecastle have also been located. As the turf wall lies some distance from the stone wall, the sites are not accessible from the Hadrian's Wall Path.

Milecastle 70

Milecastle 70 (Braelees) was one of a series of Milecastles or small fortlets built at intervals of approximately one Roman mile along Hadrian's Wall.

References

  1. Breeze, David J (1934), Handbook to the Roman Wall (14th Revised edition - Nov 2006), Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle upon Tyne, p. 141, ISBN   0-901082-65-1
  2. Historic England. "Turret 0B (24777)". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 17 May 2010.
  3. "Maps". www.bing.com. Retrieved 25 May 2018.
  4. Breeze, David J; Dobson, Brian (1976). Hadrian's Wall. Allen Lane. pp. 14–15. ISBN   0-14-027182-1.
  5. "Hadrian's Wall, St.Francis Presbytery-Tunstall Avenue (Wall m | sitelines.newcastle.gov.uk". www.twsitelines.info. Retrieved 25 May 2018.
  6. Historic England. "Hadrian's Wall in wall mile 1, three sections between Stotts Road and Vauxhall Road, Newcastle upon Tyne (1003507)". National Heritage List for England . Retrieved 25 May 2018.
  7. Horsley, John (1732), Britannia Romana or the Roman Antiquities of Britain, Frank Graham (published 1974), ISBN   0-85983-090-X
  8. Breeze, David J (1934), Handbook to the Roman Wall (14th Revised edition - Nov 2006), Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle upon Tyne, p. 17, ISBN   0-901082-65-1
  9. 1 2 3 4 Historic England. "Milecastle1 (24837)". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 17 May 2010.
  10. Maclauchlan, Henry (1858), Memoir Written During A Survey Of The Roman Wall: Through The Counties Of Northumberland And Cumberland, In The Years 1852-1854, Kessinger Publishing Co, ISBN   1-4370-5803-5
  11. "Pastscape - Detailed Result: MILECASTLE 1". www.pastscape.org.uk. Retrieved 25 May 2018.
  12. Historic England. "Turret 1A (24781)". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 17 May 2010.
  13. Historic England. "Alternative Turret 1A (24778)". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 17 May 2010.
  14. Historic England. "Turret 1B (24786)". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 18 May 2010.