Minisink Archeological Site | |
Nearest city | Bushkill, Pennsylvania and Millbrook, New Jersey |
---|---|
Area | 1,320 acres (530 ha) |
NRHP reference No. | 93000608 [1] |
Significant dates | |
Added to NRHP | April 19, 1993 [1] |
Designated NHL | April 19, 1993 [2] |
Minisink Archeological Site, also known as Minisink Historic District, is an archeological site of 1320 acres located in both Sussex County, New Jersey and Pike County, Pennsylvania. [3] It was part of a region occupied by Munsee-speaking Lenape that extended from southern New York across northern New Jersey to northeastern Pennsylvania. The Munsee were speakers of one of the three major language dialects of the Lenape Native American tribe. This interstate territory became the most important Munsee community for the majority of the 17th and 18th centuries. [2]
The area has supported human habitation for 10,000 years. [3] The site's archeology has been studied for more than 100 years, since the discovery in 1900 of Native American burials, and Indian and European artifacts. Since the late twentieth century, researchers have concentrated on trying to understand Native American cultures rather than simply retrieve artifacts and antiquities. [3] "Today, Minisink remains one of the most extensive, best preserved, and most intensively studied archeological locales in the Northeast." [2]
The site was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1993. [2] Excavations at the site have helped reveal historic interactions between European and Lenape people in Munsee country. Hundreds of early stone tools recovered at the site, along with remains of fish and fruit, indicated a more diverse diet than previously expected by researchers. [4]
Two 100-year floods, one in September 2004 and one in April 2005, caused severe erosion to one of the contributing archeological sites, 36Pi04 (Manna Site) located at the confluence of the Raymondskill Creek and Delaware River. Approximately 20% of the site was compromised during the floods. The National Park Service is collaborating with the Temple University Department of Anthropology to stabilize the banks as well as conduct archeological research and field schools at the site. [3]
Pike County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 58,535. Its county seat is Milford. The county is part of the Northeast Pennsylvania region of the state.
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Herbert Clemens Kraft (1927–2000) was an archaeologist from New Jersey, specializing in prehistory. He wrote numerous books about archaeology in New Jersey, the Lenape and the Paleo-indians of New Jersey, as well as over 170 articles in his career.
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The Munsee are a subtribe and one of the three divisions of the Lenape. Historically, they lived along the upper portion of the Delaware River, the Minisink, and the adjacent country in New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania. They were prominent in the early history of New York and New Jersey, being among the first Indigenous peoples of that region to encounter European colonizers.
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