Munneru

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Munneru is a left tributary of the Krishna River. [1] [2] It originates in Warangal District of Telangana, India and flows in the districts of Khammam District and Krishna District.

Telangana State in southern India

Telangana is a state in India situated on the centre-south stretch of the Indian peninsula on the high Deccan Plateau. It is the twelfth largest state and the twelfth-most populated state in India with a geographical area of 112,077 km2 (43,273 sq mi) and 35,193,978 residents as per 2011 census. On 2 June 2014, the area was separated from the northwestern part of Andhra Pradesh as the newly formed 29th state with Hyderabad as its historic permanent capital. Its other major cities include Warangal, Nizamabad, Khammam and Karimnagar. Telangana is bordered by the states of Maharashtra to the north, Chhattisgarh to the east, Karnataka to the west, and Andhra Pradesh to the east and south. The terrain of Telangana region consists mostly of hills, mountain ranges, and thick dense forests distribution of 27,292 sq. km. As of 2019, the state of Telangana is divided into 33 districts.

India Country in South Asia

India, also known as the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh largest country by area and with more than 1.3 billion people, it is the second most populous country as well as the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast, it shares land borders with Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the northeast; and Bangladesh and Myanmar to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives, while its Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia.

Contents

Sand dunes formed by Munneru River and old bridge keesara village of krishna district Sand dunes formed by Munneru River and old bridge keesara village of krishna district.jpg
Sand dunes formed by Munneru River and old bridge ̠ keesara village of krishna district

Origins

It originates near Mahabubabad town of Warangal District, Telangana. [3]

Mahabubabad Town in Telangana, India

Mahabubabad is a town and the district headquarters of Mahabubabad district in the Indian state of Telangana. It is on the west bank of the Munneru, which is one of the tributaries of the River Krishna. Mahabubabad is known for the Bayyaram Mines.

Flow

It flows through Dornakal Eru and comes via Kamanchkal to Danavaigudam suburb of Khammam city where it has a small Dam in order to facilitate water collection. Munneru acts as a water source to Khammam city. It goes through ManchiKanti Nagar, Kalavoddu, Moti Nagar, Prakash Nagar and Dhamsalampuram suburbs of Khammam city. It reaches Chinna Mandava and Lingala villages of Krishna District. It flows into Penuganchiprolu town, Keesara village [4] and finally discharges into the Krishna river at Eturu village near Nandigama downstream of Pulichintala dam. Muniyeru barrage was constructed in the year 1898 near Jaggayyapeta to supply irrigation water to 6,650 hectares land. [5]

Dornakal Census Town in Telangana, India

Dornakal is a census town in Mahabubabad district of Telangana, India. The town is important as a Railway Junction where a branch line emanates to Manuguru and Bhadrachalam Road and is also on the Vijayawada - Warangal - Secunderabad mainline it connects South India. Dornakal is the headquarters of the Diocese of Dornakal of the Church of South India, and is the second largest Diocese in Asia.

Khammam City in Telangana, India

Khammam, also known as Khammamett is the city in Khammam district of the Indian state of Telangana.It is the fourth largest city in the state.It is the headquarters of the Khammam district and Khammam mandal also. It is located about 193 kilometres (120 mi) east of the state capital, Hyderabad, 61 kilometres (38 mi) from Suryapet, 120 kilometres (75 mi) from Warangal and also it is located about 121 kilometres (75 mi) North of the Andhra Pradesh state capital, Amaravathi. The river Munneru flows on the western side of the city. As of 2011 census of India, Khammam urban agglomeration has a population of 2,62,255.However, on 19 October 2012, the civic body of Khammam was upgraded to Municipal corporation Post upgradation to corporation Khammam population is approximated to be 3,07,000.

Dam A barrier that stops or restricts the flow of surface or underground streams

A dam is a barrier that stops or restricts the flow of water or underground streams. Reservoirs created by dams not only suppress floods but also provide water for activities such as irrigation, human consumption, industrial use, aquaculture, and navigability. Hydropower is often used in conjunction with dams to generate electricity. A dam can also be used to collect water or for storage of water which can be evenly distributed between locations. Dams generally serve the primary purpose of retaining water, while other structures such as floodgates or levees are used to manage or prevent water flow into specific land regions. The earliest known dam is the Jawa Dam in Jordan, dating to 3,000 BC.

Bridges

Two Bridges across Munneru River in Khammam city. Munneru-bridge.jpg
Two Bridges across Munneru River in Khammam city.

There is a Water bridge constructed across Munneru to allow the flow of Nagarjunsagar water to Khammam city and other locations in Khammam district. Added to that Khammam has one old bridge for regular vehicles while heavy vehicles go through the new bridge.

Khammam district District of Telangana in India

Khammam District is a district in the eastern region of the Indian state of Telangana. The city of Khammam is the district headquarters. The district shares boundaries with Suryapet, Mahabubabad, Bhadhradhri districts and with Andhra pradesh state.


Construction has started on a newer bridge to connect Nelakondapalli and Kodad to Khammam via Prakashnagar. [6] This bridge would save the distance of travel and also would help easy flow of Munneru River.

Nelakondapalli Town in Telangana, India

Nelakondapally is a town and headquarters of a mandal in Khammam district, Telangana, India, located twenty-one kilometres from Khammam.

Kodad Town in Telangana, India

Kodad is a town in Suryapet district of the Indian state of Telangana. It is a municipality and the mandal headquarters of Kodad mandal in Kodad revenue division. It lies on the National Highway 65 between Hyderabad and Vijayawada.It is 44 km far away from the district headquarters Suryapet.

In the Krishna District there is a road and railway bridge at Lingala village. There is a road bridge at Penuganchiprolu while there is a bridge on National Highway 9 at Nandigama. ,

Penuganchiprolu Village in Andhra Pradesh, India

Penuganchiprolu is a village in Krishna district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh.

National Highway 9 (India) national highway in India

National Highway 9 is a National Highway in India in east-west direction. It starts at Malaut in Punjab and ends at Askot in Pithoragarh district in Uttarakhand. It passes through the states of Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand. After renumbering of all national highways by National Highway Authority of India in 2010, the current NH 9 was formed by merging segments of five separate national highways in 2010; these were Old NH 10, Old NH 24, Old NH 87, Old NH 74 and Old NH 125.

Nandigama Town in Andhra Pradesh, India

Nandigama is a town in Krishna district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is a Municipality and also the headquarters of Nandigama mandal in Vijayawada revenue division.

Flooding

Excess rainfall in Mahabubabad, Dornakal and other regions along with Khammam causes regular floods on Munneru river. [7] [8] 2013 has seen the over flow of Munneru river. [9] This led to a plan for building flood bank along the river bank. [10]

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