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National Assembly Assemblée nationale الجمعية الوطنية | |
---|---|
9th National Assembly | |
Type | |
Type | |
History | |
Founded | 1977 |
Leadership | |
President of the Assembly | |
Structure | |
Seats | 65 |
Political groups | Union for the Presidential Majority (58) UDJ (7) |
Elections | |
Last election | 24 February 2023 |
Meeting place | |
Assemblee Nationale, Djibouti | |
Website | |
www |
Member State of the Arab League |
Africaportal Politicsportal |
11°35′45″N43°08′55″E / 11.595916472648423°N 43.14861465874951°E
The National Assembly, formerly known as the Chamber of Deputies, is the unicameral legislative branch of the government of Djibouti.
The first Assembly of the territory, then a French colony, was from 1946 to 1957 the Representative Council. The framework law of 1956 established a Territorial Assembly, which was replaced in 1967 by the Chamber of Deputies, which remained in office after independence in 1977.
It consists of 65 members – 30 Somali (30 Issa) and 25 Afar – elected to serve five-year terms in multi-seat (4 to 37 each) constituencies. The first free multi-party parliamentary election since independence (1977) was held in 2003, with the ruling coalition, led by the People's Rally for Progress (RPP), receiving 62.7% of the vote.
Idriss Arnaoud Ali was President of the National Assembly from 2003 until his death in 2015. He was succeeded by Mohamed Ali Houmed.
For its entire existence, the National Assembly has been dominated by the Popular Rally for Progress, which is presently the senior partner in the Union for a Presidential Majority coalition. From 1981 to 1992, the RPP was the sole legal party. Even after opposition parties were legalized in 1992, the RPP won every seat in the legislature. From 1997 onward, it fought elections as part of a coalition, known since 2003 as the UMP, which continued to sweep every seat. Opposition parties did not manage to enter the legislature until 2013. In the 2018 Djiboutian parliamentary election, which was boycotted by the main opposition parties, the Union for the Presidential Majority won a heavy majority. [1] [2] The Djiboutian political system concentrates most power in the president's hands, and there is little opposition to executive decisions.
As of 2018, a quota mandates that at least 25% of the legislators be women. [3]
Name | Took office | Left office | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Ahmed Dini Ahmed | 13 May 1977 | 13 July 1977 | [4] |
Saad Warsama Dirie | 1977 | 1979 | [4] |
Abdoulkader Waberi Askar | 1979 | 1993 | [4] |
Said Ibrahim Badoul | 1993 | 2003 | [4] |
Idriss Arnaoud Ali | 2003 | 2015 | |
Mohamed Ali Houmed | 2015 | 2023 | |
Dileita Mohamed Dileita | 2023 | Incumbent | |
The building of the national assembly was built and partially financed by the government of Iran and completed on November 23, 2014. The debt for this project has still not been paid to this date. Iranian parliament speaker Ali Larijani attended a ceremony to inaugurate this new building and to hand it over.
Politics of Djibouti takes place in a framework of a presidential representative democratic republic, whereby the executive power is exercised by the President and the Government. Legislative power is vested in both the Government and the National Assembly. The party system and legislature are dominated by the socialist People's Rally for Progress. In April 2010, a new constitutional amendment was approved. The President serves as both the head of state and head of government, and is directly elected for single six-year term. Government is headed by the President, who appoints the Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers on the proposal of the latter. There is also a 65-member chamber of deputies, where representatives are popularly elected for terms of five years. Administratively, the country is divided into five regions and one city, with eleven additional district subdivisions. Djibouti is also part of various international organisations, including the United Nations and Arab League.
Dileita Mohamed Dileita is a Djiboutian politician who was the prime minister of Djibouti from 7 March 2001 to 1 April 2013. He was vice-president of the People's Rally for Progress (RPP), the governing political party, until 2012. He also served as president of the Union for the Presidential Majority (UMP), the governing coalition. He was elected President of the National Assembly on 5 March 2023.
The People's Rally for Progress is a political party in Djibouti. It has dominated politics in the country since 1979, initially under the rule of President Hassan Gouled Aptidon. Today it is led by President Ismaïl Omar Guelleh and is in a coalition government with Front for the Restoration of Unity and Democracy (FRUD) and other parties. The RPP tends to hold more influence among the Issa population.
The National Democratic Party is a political party in Djibouti. It was founded as an opposition party in 1992 by Aden Robleh Awaleh, who remains the party's president. It was part of the ruling coalition in 2005, but has since rejoined the opposition against President Ismaïl Omar Guelleh.
Hassan Gouled Aptidon was the first President of Djibouti from 1977 to 1999.
Idriss Arnaoud Ali was a Djiboutian politician who was President of the National Assembly of Djibouti from 2003 to 2015. He was also the Secretary-General of the People's Rally for Progress (RPP) from 2003 to 2012.
Aden Robleh Awaleh (1941 – 31 October 2014) was a Djiboutian politician and President of the National Democratic Party (PND). He was a member of the National Assembly of Djibouti.
Ahmed Mohamed Hassan is a Djiboutian politician. He is a member of the People's Rally for Progress (RPP) and has served in the National Assembly of Djibouti as well as the Pan-African Parliament.
Souleiman Miyir Ali is a Djiboutian politician and a member of the Pan-African Parliament from Djibouti.
Parliamentary elections were held in Djibouti on 8 February 2008. There were 65 candidates running for the 65 seats in the National Assembly, with all of the candidates coming from the ruling coalition, the Union for the Presidential Majority (UMP). The opposition boycotted the election, and the UMP won all 65 seats.
Moumin Bahdon Farah was a Djiboutian politician and the President of the Social Democratic People's Party (PPSD). He was Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1978 to 1993 and Minister of Justice from 1993 to 1996. Concurrently, he was a member of the National Assembly of Djibouti.
Mohamed Dini Farah is a Djiboutian politician. He is a former minister and President of the Parliamentary Group of the People's Rally for Progress (RPP), currently serving as a deputy in the National Assembly of Djibouti.
Ali Mohamed Daoud, also known as Jean-Marie, is a Djiboutian politician and the President of the Front for the Restoration of Unity and Democracy (FRUD). He is currently a member of the National Assembly of Djibouti.
Ougoureh Kifleh Ahmed is a Djiboutian politician who served in the government of Djibouti as Minister of Defense from 1999 to 2011. He has also served as Secretary-General of the Front for the Restoration of Unity and Democracy (FRUD).
Ahmed Boulaleh Barreh,, also known as Gabayo, was a Djiboutian politician. He was the Vice-President of the People's Social Democratic Party (PPSD) and a member of the National Assembly of Djibouti.
Mohamed Ali Mohamed was a Djiboutian politician of the People's Rally for Progress (PDP).
Parliamentary elections were held in Djibouti on 10 January 2003 to elect the National Assembly of Djibouti. The ruling coalition of President Ismail Omar Guelleh won all 65 seats in the election, defeating an opposition coalition.
Parliamentary elections were held in Djibouti on 22 February 2013. After their boycott of the 2008 elections, opposition groups contested the elections as the Union for National Safety alliance.
Safia Elmi Djibril is a Djiboutian politician and women's rights activist.
Parliamentary elections were held in Djibouti on 24 February 2023 to elect the 65 members of the National Assembly.