The parliament of the Republic of Moldova (Romanian: Parlamentul Republicii Moldova) is the supreme representative body of the Republic of Moldova, the only state legislative authority, being a unicameral structure composed of 101 elected MPs on lists, for a period or legislature of four years. The parliament of Moldova is elected by universal vote, equal directly, secret and freely expressed. The president of the parliament of the Republic of Moldova is elected by the Parliament, with a minimum of 52 votes.
The Constitutional Court of the Republic of Moldova, on a proposal of the Central Electoral Commission, decides to validate or invalidate the mandate of the Member of Parliament. The mandate is invalid in the case of violation of electoral legislation. The Parliament is meeting at the convening of the Speaker of the Parliament within 30 days of the elections. The Parliament's mandate is prolonged until the legal meeting of the new composition. During this period the Constitution cannot be amended and organic laws cannot be adopted, amended or abrogated.[3]
The Parliament staff ensures an organizational, informational and technological assistance to activity of the Parliament, the Standing Bureau, standing committees, parliamentary factions and of deputies. The structure and the personal record of the parliament staff are approved by the Parliament.
Legislative procedure
According to the Constitution of Moldova (1994), the Parliament is the supreme representative organ and the single legislative authority of the state. The right of legislative initiative belongs to the Members of Parliament, to the Speaker (excepting proposals to revise the Constitution) and to the Government. In exercise of this right MPs and the president of the state present to Parliament draft papers and legislative proposals, while the Government presents draft papers.
Parliamentary factions
In order to form the working bodies and to organize the activity of the parliament, deputies form parliamentary factions composed of at least 5 deputies elected on the basis of lists of electoral contestants, as well as parliamentary factions with the same numerical composition as independent deputies. The parliamentary factions are constituted within 10 days after the legal constitution of the parliament.
The Parliament Building was formerly the meeting place of the Central committee of the Moldovan branch of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, and was built between 1976 and 1979. It is located on Stephen the Great Boulevard formerly known as Lenin Boulevard. The architects were Alexander Cerdanțev and Grigore Bosenco. The building was damaged during civil unrest in 2009[7] and repairs were carried out in 2012 and 2013. The Parliament moved back into the restored building in February 2014.[8]
The Our Moldova Alliance was a social-liberal political party in Moldova led by Serafim Urechean, former mayor of Chișinău. It merged into the Liberal Democratic Party of Moldova (PLDM) during April 2011.
The Supreme Council of the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic is the unicameral legislature of the internationally-unrecognised state of Transnistria. It consists of 33 seats, all of which are determined by single mandate constituencies and is headed by a chairman.
Serafim Urechean is a Moldovan politician. He held the position of general mayor of Chișinău municipality (1994–2005) and interim prime minister of the Republic of Moldova. He was the chairman of the party Our Moldova Alliance (2003–2011), first deputy chairman of the Parliament of the Republic of Moldova (2009–2010) and president of the Court of Accounts of the Republic of Moldova (2011–2016).
The Party of Socialists of the Republic of Moldova is a democratic socialist political party in Moldova. A populist party, it holds Eurosceptic and Russophilic views, both of which are reflected by its long-time leader and former Moldovan president Igor Dodon. It is contrasted to like-minded centre-left European parties for its conservative views on social issues, reflecting the country's strong social conservatism and the influence of the Moldovan Orthodox Church.
Parliamentary elections were held in the Moldavian SSR in February and March 1990 to elect the 380 members of the Supreme Soviet. They were the first and only free elections to the Supreme Soviet of the MSSR, and although the Communist Party of Moldova was the only registered party allowed to contest the elections, opposition candidates were allowed to run as independents. Together with affiliated groups, the Popular Front of Moldova won a landslide victory. Candidates who were openly supporters of the Popular Front won about 27% of the seats; together with moderate Communists, mainly from rural districts, they commanded a majority.
The following is timeline of the History of independent Moldova which started after the independence of Moldova.
The Order of the Republic is Moldova's highest order. It is awarded by the President of Moldova for exceptional merits in all fields which benefit Moldova and humanity as a whole. The order was established in July 1992 and its collar and badge are made from silver.
The 2010–11 Moldovan National Division was the 20th season of top-tier football in Moldova. Sheriff Tiraspol were the defending champions, having won their tenth Moldovan championship, all consecutively, the previous season. The competition began on 24 July 2010.
The Party of Action and Solidarity is a liberal political party in Moldova. The PAS was founded by Maia Sandu, the former Minister of Education and the incumbent president of Moldova. A pro-European party, it is an observer of the European People's Party (EPP) and the International Democracy Union (IDU).
Electoral bloc NOW Platform DA and PAS was a centre-right liberal political alliance in the Republic of Moldova between two pro-European, anti-corruption parties, Party of Action and Solidarity (PAS) and Dignity and Truth Platform Party (PPDA) formed with the aim of joint participation in the 2019 Moldovan parliamentary election.
The Romanian pavilion houses Romania's national representation during the Venice Biennale arts festivals.
Snap parliamentary elections were held in Moldova on 11 July 2021. Following the resignation of Ion Chicu, the position of Prime Minister became vacant, with the Parliament being obligated to form a new government within three months. After the expiration of the constitutionally mandated period and two failed attempts to win parliamentary approval for the proposed cabinets, the Constitutional Court ruled on 15 April that the circumstances justifying a dissolution of the parliament were met. President Maia Sandu signed the decree dissolving the Parliament on 28 April and snap parliamentary elections were called on.
Ion Ceban is a Moldovan politician and the current mayor of Chișinău, Moldova's capital. He is also the leader of the pro-European National Alternative Movement party. Ceban was Vice President of the Parliament of Moldova in 2019 and has served as a member of parliament in three legislatures. From 2015 to 2019, he led his party's faction in the Chișinău Municipal Council. He has held different positions at the governmental level, ranging from department head to Deputy Minister.
The Supreme Security Council (SSC) (Romanian: Consiliul Suprem de Securitate, CSS) is an advisory body to the President of Moldova (concurrently the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Moldovan Armed Forces) which aides and assists the President in the implementation of military policy and national security decisions. Its authority is vested in the Constitution of Moldova. The President is one of many permanent members of the council and chairs all of its meetings. Permanent members of the council since October 2009 have included the following:
Igor Grosu is a Moldovan politician who is the President of the Parliament of Moldova since 29 July 2021. He has been a member of the Moldovan Parliament since March 2019. Grosu has been the leader of the Party of Action and Solidarity (PAS) since 9 December 2020.
Presidential elections were held in Moldova on 20 October 2024, with a runoff held on 3 November. Incumbent president Maia Sandu, who won the first round, and former Prosecutor General Alexandr Stoianoglo, who was the runner-up, contested the runoff, with Sandu winning a majority of votes and being re-elected for a second and final term.
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