Foreign relations of Djibouti

Foreign relations of Djibouti are managed by the Djiboutian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation. Djibouti maintains close ties with the governments of Somalia, Ethiopia, France and the United States. It is likewise an active participant in African Union, United Nations, Non-Aligned Movement, Organisation of Islamic Cooperation and Arab League affairs.

Djibouti has been a member of The Forum of Small States (FOSS) since the group's founding in 1992. ^[1]

Diplomatic relations

List of countries which Djibouti maintains diplomatic relations with:

#	Country	Date
1	France	27 June 1977 [2]
2	Pakistan	27 June 1977 [3]
3	United States	27 June 1977 [4]
4	Hungary	28 June 1977 [5]
5	Syria	June 1977 [6]
6	Egypt	22 July 1977 [7]
7	Oman	16 November 1977 [8]
8	Saudi Arabia	7 December 1977 [9]
9	South Korea	7 December 1977 [10]
10	Czech Republic	8 December 1977 [11]
11	Tunisia	1977 [12]
12	Cameroon	22 January 1978 [13]
13	Germany	23 January 1978 [14]
14	Sudan	25 January 1978 [15]
15	United Kingdom	25 January 1978 [16]
16	Iraq	11 March 1978 [17]
17	Morocco	14 March 1978 [18]
18	Senegal	24 March 1978 [19]
19	Russia	3 April 1978 [20]
20	Iran	4 April 1978 [21]
21	Canada	13 June 1978 [22]
—	State of Palestine	13 June 1978 [23]
22	Romania	18 June 1978 [24]
23	Belgium	19 June 1978 [25]
24	Serbia	11 July 1978 [26]
25	Libya	24 July 1978 [2]
26	Guinea	7 August 1978 [27]
27	Japan	24 August 1978 [28]
28	Algeria	10 October 1978 [29]
29	China	8 January 1979 [30]
30	Somalia	4 June 1979 [2]
31	Spain	25 June 1979 [31]
32	Turkey	25 June 1979 [32]
33	Indonesia	6 September 1979 [33]
34	Ethiopia	15 December 1979 [2]
35	India	24 December 1979 [34]
36	Sweden	20 February 1980 [35]
37	Poland	24 February 1980 [36]
38	Yemen	13 March 1980 [37]
39	Albania	2 April 1980 [38]
40	Rwanda	3 April 1980 [2]
41	Italy	19 June 1980 [39]
42	Tanzania	3 December 1980 [40]
43	Netherlands	10 February 1981 [41]
44	Lebanon	11 March 1981 [42]
45	United Arab Emirates	26 December 1981 [43]
46	Kuwait	31 October 1982 [44]
47	Switzerland	23 December 1982 [45]
48	Austria	18 January 1983 [46]
49	Bahrain	6 February 1983 [47]
50	Singapore	15 September 1983 [48]
51	Bangladesh	25 September 1983 [49]
52	Kenya	13 March 1984 [2]
53	Comoros	29 March 1984 [2]
54	Jordan	3 April 1984 [2]
55	Burundi	13 December 1984 [2]
56	Republic of the Congo	February 1985 [50]
57	Greece	21 October 1985 [51]
58	Thailand	1 April 1986 [52]
59	Uganda	20 January 1988 [2]
60	Mexico	22 June 1989 [53]
61	Nigeria	12 July 1989 [2]
62	Vietnam	30 April 1991 [54]
63	Seychelles	3 February 1993 [2]
64	North Korea	13 June 1993 [55]
65	Eritrea	11 July 1993 [56]
66	Argentina	27 August 1993 [57]
67	Norway	20 January 1995 [58]
68	South Africa	7 February 1996 [59]
69	Portugal	29 March 1996 [57]
70	Azerbaijan	22 October 1996 [57]
71	Brazil	22 October 1996 [57]
72	North Macedonia	12 June 1997 [57]
73	Philippines	16 February 1998 [60]
74	Malaysia	3 August 1998 [2]
75	Colombia	30 September 1998 [57]
76	Cuba	20 November 1998 [57]
77	Lithuania	9 June 1999 [57]
78	Madagascar	13 August 1999 [2]
—	Holy See	20 May 2000 [61]
79	Georgia	22 November 2000 [57]
80	Slovakia	22 November 2000 [57]
81	Luxembourg	14 June 2001 [62]
82	Ireland	6 July 2001 [57]
83	Denmark	10 December 2002 [63]
84	Estonia	16 June 2005 [64]
85	Iceland	19 July 2005 [57]
86	Venezuela	8 October 2005 [65]
87	Zambia	11 December 2006 [66]
88	Slovenia	14 December 2006 [57]
89	Chad	8 January 2007 [67]
90	Bulgaria	13 February 2007 [68]
91	Botswana	14 March 2007 [2]
92	Finland	14 March 2007 [57]
93	Democratic Republic of the Congo	26 March 2007 [69]
94	Uruguay	12 February 2008 [57]
95	Maldives	7 April 2008 [70]
96	Benin	16 June 2008 [2]
97	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	7 August 2008 [57]
98	Andorra	17 March 2009 [57]
99	Bosnia and Herzegovina	17 March 2009 [57]
100	Ukraine	17 March 2009 [57]
101	Niger	20 April 2009 [71]
102	Australia	23 April 2009 [72]
103	Panama	15 December 2009 [73]
104	Kazakhstan	5 May 2010 [74]
105	Paraguay	22 July 2010 [57]
106	Fiji	16 September 2010 [57]
107	Chile	22 January 2011 [75]
108	Dominican Republic	8 March 2011 [57]
109	Montenegro	6 October 2011 [57]
110	Monaco	1 December 2011 [76]
111	South Sudan	11 February 2012 [77]
112	Ghana	12 March 2012 [78]
113	Latvia	30 March 2012 [79]
114	Brunei	9 November 2012 [80]
115	Mali	12 November 2012 [81]
—	Kosovo	19 May 2013 [82]
116	Belarus	26 August 2013 [83]
117	Burkina Faso	16 December 2013 [84]
118	Kyrgyzstan	3 June 2015 [85]
119	Sri Lanka	16 November 2015 [86]
120	Ecuador	20 November 2015 [57]
121	Mongolia	20 January 2016 [57]
122	Togo	14 February 2016 [87]
123	Cambodia	28 April 2016 [57]
124	Ivory Coast	28 April 2016 [57]
125	New Zealand	1 October 2016 [88]
126	Mauritius	12 December 2016 [57]
127	Mauritania	15 February 2017 [89]
128	Tajikistan	17 March 2017 [57]
129	Namibia	15 May 2017 [90]
130	Croatia	22 May 2017 [57]
131	Turkmenistan	4 July 2017 [91]
132	Nepal	14 July 2017 [57]
133	Dominica	9 January 2018 [92]
134	Guatemala	28 February 2018 [93]
135	Peru	28 February 2018 [94]
136	Malta	26 June 2018 [57]
137	Equatorial Guinea	9 October 2018 [95]
138	Armenia	22 May 2019 [96]
139	Nicaragua	9 September 2019 [57]
140	Saint Kitts and Nevis	20 February 2020 [57]
141	Suriname	21 February 2020 [57]
142	Moldova	9 October 2020 [57]
143	Gambia	1 July 2021 [97]
144	Angola	24 January 2022 [98]
145	Gabon	28 November 2022 [99]
146	Uzbekistan	2 May 2024 [100]
147	El Salvador	6 December 2024 [57]
148	Zimbabwe	20 January 2025 [101]
149	Central African Republic	18 March 2025 [102] [103]
150	Bahamas	23 September 2025 [104]
151	Malawi	Unknown [105]
152	Mozambique	Unknown
153	Qatar	Unknown

Bilateral relations

Africa

Country	Formal Relations Began	Notes
Eritrea	11 July 1993 [106]	See Djibouti–Eritrea relations Djibouti has an embassy in Asmara. Eritrea has an embassy in Djibouti City.
Ethiopia	15 December 1979	See Djibouti–Ethiopia relations Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 December 1979. [40] Djibouti has an embassy in Addis Ababa. Ethiopia has an embassy in Djibouti City.
Kenya	13 March 1984	See Djibouti–Kenya relations Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 March 1984. [40] Djibouti has an embassy in Nairobi. Kenya has an embassy in Djibouti City.
Morocco	14 March 1978	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 March 1978 [18] Djibouti has an embassy in Rabat. Morocco has a consulate in Djibouti City.
Somalia	4 June 1979	See Djibouti–Somalia relations Both countries established diplomatic relations on 4 June 1979. [40] Djibouti has an embassy in Mogadishu. Somalia has an embassy in Djibouti City.

Americas

Country	Formal Relations Began	Notes
Brazil	22 October 1996	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 October 1996 [107] Brazil and Djibouti established diplomatic relations in 1996. In 2012, an Agreement on Technical Cooperation between the two countries was signed cooperation focus on areas of infrastructure, agriculture, environment, health, education, national solidarity, scientific research, and social development. A Brazilian company was building a port in the Djibouti funding from the United Arab Emirates. [108]
Canada	13 June 1978	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 June 1978 when the first Ambassador of Canada to Djibouti presented his credentials. [109] Canada also has an Honorary Consul in Djibouti City. Both Montreal and Ottawa are home to organized Djiboutian diaspora communities, and there is an active community of returned Djiboutian-Canadians in Djibouti. [110]
Cuba	20 November 1998	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 November 1998 [111] Djibouti has an embassy in Havana. Cuba has a consulate in Djibouti City. [112]
Mexico	22 June 1989	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 June 1989 [113] Djibouti is accredited to Mexico from its embassy in Havana, Cuba. Mexico is accredited to Djibouti from its embassy in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia and maintains an honorary consulate in Djibouti City. [114]
United States	27 June 1977	See Djibouti-United States relations Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 June 1977. [115] Djibouti is a strategic partner of the United States in the Global War on Terrorism. Djibouti has an embassy in Washington, D.C. and a consulate-general in New York City. United States has an embassy in Djibouti City.

Asia

Country	Formal Relations Began	Notes
Azerbaijan	22 October 1996	See Azerbaijan–Djibouti relations Diplomatic relations between Azerbaijan and Djibouti were established on 22 October 1996. [116]
China	8 January 1979 [117]	See China–Djibouti relations Djibouti has an embassy in Beijing. China has an embassy in Djibouti City.
India	7 December 1981	See Djibouti–India relations Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 December 1981 [118] Djibouti has an embassy in New Delhi. India has an embassy in Djibouti City.
Indonesia	1979	Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1979, Djibouti is represented in Indonesia through its embassy in Tokyo, Japan. Indonesia is accredited to Djibouti through its embassy in Addis Ababa. [119]
Iran	1978	In July 1998, Iran and Djibouti signed a letter of understanding to consolidate their political, economic, trade, and industrial ties, but in January 2016 Djibouti cut off all diplomatic relations with Iran due to tensions between Saudi Arabia and Iran. The two countries restored diplomatic ties on 22 September 2023. [120]
Japan	24 August 1978	See Djibouti–Japan relations Both countries established diplomatic relations on 24 August 1978. [121] Djibouti has an embassy in Tokyo. Japan has an embassy in Djibouti City. Japan's Maritime Self-Defense Force(MSDF) maintains an overseas military base in Djibouti since 2011. Japanese forces in Djibouti is tasked to escort ships and combat piracy on the Gulf of Aden and Red Sea.
Kuwait	31 October 1982	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 31 October 1982 [122] Djibouti has an embassy in Kuwait City. Kuwait has a consulate in Djibouti City.
Philippines	26 February 1998	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 February 1998 [123] Djibouti is accredited to the Philippines from its embassy in Tokyo, Japan.
Qatar		Djibouti has an embassy in Doha. Qatar has an embassy in Djibouti City.
Saudi Arabia	7 December 1977	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 December 1977 [124] Djibouti has an embassy in Riyadh. Saudi Arabia has an embassy in Djibouti City.
Singapore	15 September 1983	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 September 1983. [125] Djibouti is accredited to Singapore from its embassy in Tokyo, Japan. [126]
South Korea	7 December 1977	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 December 1977 [127] Bilateral trade in 2011 amounted to $47,390,000 in exports, and $9,000 in imports. [128]
Turkey	25 June 1979 [129]	See also Djibouti–Turkey relations Djibouti has an embassy in Ankara. [130] Turkey has an embassy in Djibouti City. [130] Trade volume between the two countries was US$252 million in 2019. [130]
Uzbekistan		Djibouti recognized the independence of Uzbekistan on 6 January 1992. However both countries have not yet established diplomatic relations. [131]
Vietnam	30 April 1991	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 April 1991. [132] Both countries are full members of Organisation internationale de la Francophonie.
Yemen	13 March 1980	See Djibouti - Yemen relations Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 March 1980. [133] Relations between Yemen and Djibouti are good, and cooperation takes place on many levels. A causeway between the two countries has been proposed. Djibouti has an embassy in Sana'a. Yemen has an embassy in Djibouti City.

Europe

Country	Formal Relations Began	Notes
Denmark		Denmark is accredited to Djibouti from its embassy in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [134] Djibouti is accredited to Denmark from its embassy in Brussels, Belgium. [135]
Finland	14 March 2007	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 March 2007 [136] Finland is accredited to Djibouti from its embassy in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [137] Djibouti is accredited to Finland from its embassy in Moscow, Russia. [138]
France	6 July 1977	See Djibouti–France relations Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 July 1977. [139] Djibouti has an embassy in Paris. France has an embassy in Djibouti City.
Germany	23 January 1978	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 January 1978 [140] Djibouti has an embassy in Berlin. Germany has an embassy in Djibouti City.
Greece	1981	Greece has an honorary consulate in Djibouti City. Greek-Djiboutian relations are particularly friendly. The Greek community in Djibouti has significantly contributed to that. [141]
Iceland	19 July 2005	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 19 July 2005 [142] Iceland is accredit to Djibouti from its embassy in Kampala, Uganda. [143]
Ireland	6 July 2001	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 July 2001 [144] Ireland is accredit to Djibouti from its embassy in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [145] [146]
Kosovo	22 March 2013	Djibouti officially recognised the independence of the Republic of Kosovo on 8 May 2010. [147] On 22 March 2013 Djibouti and Kosovo established diplomatic relations and vowed to strengthen bilateral co-operation with one another. [148]
Romania	18 May 1978	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 18 May 1978. [149] Both countries are full members of Organisation internationale de la Francophonie.
Russia	3 April 1978	See Djibouti–Russia relations Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 April 1978 [150] Djibouti has an embassy in Moscow. Russia has an embassy in Djibouti City.
Serbia	11 July 1978	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 July 1978 [151] Serbia has an honorary consulate in Djibouti City. [152]
Spain	25 June 1979 [153]	* Djibouti is accredited to Spain from its embassy in Paris, France. Spain is accredited to Djibouti from its embassy in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Sweden	20 February 1980	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 February 1980, when first ambassador of Sweden to Djibouti M. Bror Arne Lennart Helleryd presented his credentials to President of Djibouti Hassan Gouled Aptidon [154] Djibouti is accredited to Sweden from its embassy in Brussels, Belgium. [155] Sweden is accredited to Djibouti from its embassy in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [156]
Switzerland	23 December 1982	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 December 1982 [157] Djibouti has an embassy in Geneva. Switzerland has an honorary consulate in Djibouti City.
United Kingdom	25 January 1978	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 January 1978, when first Ambassador of the United Kingdom to Djibouti Mr. Benjamin Strachan presented his letters of credentials to President of Djibouti Hassan Gouled Aptidon [158]

Oceania

Country	Formal Relations Began	Notes
Australia		Djibouti is accredited to Australia through its embassy in Tokyo, Japan. [159]
New Zealand		Djibouti is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Tokyo, Japan. [160]

International organisations

Djibouti is a member of the African Union, Arab League, La Francophonie, Port Management Association of Eastern and Southern Africa, and the United Nations.

In 1996, the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD), a developmental organisation of seven countries in East Africa, established its headquarters in Djibouti City. IGAD's mandate is for regional cooperation and economic integration.

After the terror attacks of 11 September 2001, Djibouti joined the Global War on Terror. It is now home to the Camp Lemonnier military compound.

Djibouti is also a member of the International Criminal Court with a Bilateral Immunity Agreement of protection for the US-military (as covered under Article 98).

See also

• List of diplomatic missions in Djibouti
• List of diplomatic missions of Djibouti
• Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation (Djibouti)

Notes

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References

 This article incorporates public domain material from U.S. Bilateral Relations Fact Sheets. United States Department of State.

External links

• Embassy of the United States in Djibouti