Foreign relations of Lesotho

Lesotho's geographic location makes it extremely vulnerable to political and economic developments in South Africa. Its capital is the small city of Maseru. It is a member of many regional economic organizations including the Southern African Development Community (SADC) and the Southern African Customs Union (SACU). Lesotho also is active in the United Nations, the Organisation of African Unity, now the African Union, the Non-Aligned Movement, and many other international organizations. In addition to the Republic of Korea, the United States, South Africa, Ireland, People's Republic of China, Libya, and the European Union all currently retain resident diplomatic missions in Lesotho. Foreign relations of Lesotho are administered by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Relations.

Lesotho has historically maintained generally close ties with Ireland (Lesotho's largest bilateral aid donor), the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, and other Western states. Although Lesotho decided in 1990 to break relations with the People's Republic of China (P.R.C.) and re-establish relations with the Republic of China (commonly known by its main island as Taiwan), it had restored ties with the P.R.C. in 1994.

Diplomatic relations

List of countries which Lesotho maintains diplomatic relations with:

#	Country	Date [1]
1	United Kingdom	4 October 1966 [2]
2	United States	4 October 1966 [3]
3	Israel	4 October 1966 [4]
4	Ghana	24 November 1966 [5]
5	South Korea	7 December 1966 [6]
6	Denmark	1966 [7]
7	Ireland	1966 [7]
—	Holy See	11 March 1967 [8]
8	Canada	27 April 1967 [9]
9	Italy	June 1967 [10]
10	France	21 August 1967 [11]
11	Switzerland	22 August 1967 [12]
12	Belgium	24 August 1967 [13]
13	Austria	1967 [14]
14	Germany	15 February 1968 [15]
15	Netherlands	22 February 1968 [16]
16	Kenya	20 June 1968 [17] [18]
17	Uganda	4 October 1968 [19]
18	Liberia	20 October 1968 [20]
19	Sierra Leone	22 October 1968 [19]
20	Ivory Coast	28 October 1968 [21]
21	Cameroon	29 October 1968 [19]
22	Sweden	1968 [22]
23	Tanzania	23 January 1971 [23]
24	India	8 June 1971 [24]
25	Japan	29 July 1971 [25]
26	Nigeria	November 1971 [26]
27	Iran	15 December 1971 [27]
28	Madagascar	7 December 1971 [28]
29	Serbia	25 September 1972 [29]
30	Botswana	April 1973 [30]
31	Kuwait	30 April 1973 [31]
32	Egypt	31 May 1973 [32]
33	Australia	9 July 1973 [33]
34	Zambia	19 September 1973 [34]
35	Romania	1 May 1975 [35]
36	United Arab Emirates	8 July 1975 [36]
37	Mozambique	9 September 1975 [37]
38	Mexico	14 November 1975 [38]
39	Brazil	3 December 1975 [39]
40	Eswatini	12 February 1976 [40]
41	Portugal	29 March 1976 [41]
42	Spain	3 May 1976 [42]
43	Norway	8 May 1976 [43]
44	Bahrain	24 July 1976 [44]
45	Malawi	4 September 1976 [45]
46	Greece	31 January 1977 [46]
47	Poland	20 December 1978 [47]
48	Finland	1 February 1979 [48]
49	Cuba	14 June 1979 [49]
50	Guyana	25 August 1979 [50]
51	Jamaica	19 October 1979 [51]
52	Guinea	1 November 1979 [52]
53	Barbados	25 November 1979 [53]
54	Russia	1 February 1980 [54]
55	Bulgaria	10 July 1980
56	North Korea	19 July 1980 [55]
57	Democratic Republic of the Congo	6 November 1980 [52]
58	Turkey	1980 [56]
59	Zimbabwe	1 July 1982 [57] [58]
60	Czech Republic	7 November 1982 [59]
61	Bangladesh	4 March 1983 [60]
62	Hungary	29 March 1983 [61]
63	China	30 April 1983 [62]
64	Nicaragua	14 June 1983 [63]
65	Venezuela	26 June 1983 [64]
66	Iceland	24 August 1983 [65]
67	Algeria	1983 [66]
68	Angola	1983 [67]
69	Iraq	1983 [66]
70	Rwanda	1983 [68]
71	Pakistan	4 July 1984 [69]
72	Mongolia	2 July 1985
73	Ethiopia	1987 [70]
74	Malaysia	31 March 1988 [71]
75	Thailand	17 April 1989
76	Peru	21 July 1989
77	Singapore	12 January 1990 [72]
78	Namibia	11 April 1990 [73]
79	Morocco	1990 [74]
80	South Africa	21 May 1992 [75]
81	Indonesia	4 November 1993 [76]
82	Slovakia	8 May 1995 [77]
83	Vietnam	6 January 1998 [78]
84	Philippines	15 April 1998 [79]
85	Colombia	17 April 1998
86	Costa Rica	17 April 1998
87	Uruguay	26 May 1998
88	Chile	25 August 1998 [80]
89	North Macedonia	3 September 1998 [81]
90	Croatia	6 November 1998
91	Argentina	19 May 1999 [82]
92	Brunei	30 March 2000 [83]
93	New Zealand	27 April 2000 [84]
94	Ukraine	1 June 2000
95	Sri Lanka	14 July 2000 [85]
96	Lithuania	20 July 2000
97	Tunisia	1 December 2000
98	Qatar	10 April 2001
99	Cyprus	25 February 2004
100	Mauritius	20 July 2004 [86]
101	Lebanon	1 September 2005 [87]
102	Malta	11 April 2006 [88]
103	Monaco	15 July 2008 [89]
104	Nepal	18 May 2010 [90]
105	San Marino	30 November 2010 [91]
106	Seychelles	25 January 2011 [92]
107	Estonia	26 September 2012 [93]
108	Azerbaijan	28 September 2012 [94]
109	Trinidad and Tobago	2 November 2012 [95]
110	Georgia	23 September 2013
111	Montenegro	23 September 2013
112	Latvia	10 February 2014
113	Kazakhstan	2 April 2015 [96]
114	Eritrea	21 June 2015 [97]
115	Burkina Faso	14 April 2016 [98]
116	Mauritania	9 March 2017 [99]
117	Kyrgyzstan	20 July 2017
118	Niger	17 August 2017 [100]
—	State of Palestine	23 November 2017 [101]
119	Belarus	2020 [102]
120	Maldives	29 March 2021
121	Saudi Arabia	20 August 2021 [103]
—	Sovereign Military Order of Malta	7 December 2021 [104]
122	Dominican Republic	2 November 2023
123	Bhutan	29 October 2024
124	Bolivia	8 November 2024
125	Grenada	2024 [105]
126	Vanuatu	2024 [106]
127	Burundi	Unknown
128	Gabon	Unknown
129	Libya	Unknown
130	Luxembourg	Unknown
—	Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic	Unknown

Bilateral relations

Country	Formal Relations Began	Notes
Canada	1967	See Canada–Lesotho relations Canada is represented in Lesotho via parallel accreditation of its high commission in Pretoria, South Africa [107] and has an honorary consulate in Maseru. [108] Since 2006, Lesotho has a high commission in Ottawa [107] Both countries are full members of Commonwealth of Nations. Pakalitha Mosisili was educated in through Canadian Government provided scholarships
Cyprus	25 February 2004	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 February 2004. [109] Cyprus is represented in Lesotho through its High Commission in Pretoria, South Africa. [110] Lesotho is represented in Cyprus via parallel accreditation of its High Commission in London. [111] Both countries are full members of the Commonwealth of Nations.
France		See France–Lesotho relations France is accredited to Lesotho from its embassy in Pretoria, South Africa. Lesotho is accredited to France from its embassy in Berlin, Germany.
Germany	1966 [112]	Germany is represented in Lesotho through its embassy in Pretoria, South Africa. [112] Lesotho has an embassy in Berlin. [113]
Greece	31 January 1977	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 31 January 1977 [114] Greece is represented in Lesotho through its embassy in Pretoria, South Africa. [115] Lesotho is represented in Greece via parallel accreditation of its embassy in Rome, Italy. [115]
India	8 June 1971 [116]	See India–Lesotho relations The High Commission in Pretoria has been concurrently accredited to Lesotho. [117] Lesotho has a High Commission in New Delhi. [118]
Ireland	14 June 2005	Lesotho has significant relations with Ireland. On 13 November 1997, Liz O'Donnell (Irish Minister for State) spoke about the relationship between the two nations and Ireland's future commitment towards Lesotho. The Irish Prime Minister, Bertie Ahern visited Lesotho in 2000. [119] This relationship was further strengthened by a visit from the then President of Ireland Mary McAleese between 14 and 16 June 2006 on her speech about the long-standing relationship with Lesotho and shared history between both nations. [120] The Irish Government has donated aid to Lesotho since 1975. Donations to Lesotho is Ireland's longest running aid programme. [121] On 14 February 2005, Lesotho announced that Ireland is the largest bilateral donor with financial support in excess of M70 million in each of the past three years. [122] Ireland also supports Lesotho's Flying Doctor Service, education, sanitation, water and various health such as the Fight against AIDS with the Clinton Foundation. [123]
Mexico	14 November 1975	Lesotho is accredited to Mexico from its embassy in Washington, D.C., United States. [124] Mexico is accredited to Lesotho from its embassy in Pretoria, South Africa. [125]
Russia	1 February 1980	During the 1980s, the Soviet Union and Lesotho developed closer relations. In 1992, Lesotho recognised the Russian Federation as the successor state to the Soviet Union. From 2004 to 2007 Monyane Moleleki, who had studied at the Moscow State University, was Lesotho's Minister of Foreign Affairs.
South Korea	7 December 1966	Establishment of Diplomatic Relations between the Republic of Korea and Lesotho is 7 December 1966 and in 2011 Bilateral Trade were Exports $27,330,000, Imports: $290,000. [126]
Turkey	1980	Embassy of Lesotho in Rome is accredited to Turkey. [127] Turkish ambassador in Pretoria to South Africa is also accredited to Lesotho. [127] Trade volume between the two countries was 1.65 million USD in 2019 (Lesotho's exports/imports: 0.03/1.62 million USD). [127]
United Kingdom	4 October 1966	Lesotho established diplomatic relations with the United Kingdom on 4 October 1966. [2] Lesotho maintains a high commission in London. The United Kingdom is accredited to Lesotho through its high commission in Maseru. [128] The UK governed Lesotho from 1884 to 1966, when it achieved full independence. Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth and the World Trade Organization, as well as the SACUM–UK Economic Partnership Agreement. [129] Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement. [130]
United States	4 October 1966	See Lesotho-United States relations The United States was one of the first four countries to establish an embassy in Maseru after Lesotho gained its independence from Great Britain in 1966. Since this time, Lesotho and the United States have consistently maintained warm bilateral relations. In 1996, the United States closed its bilateral aid program in Lesotho. The Southern African regional office of the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) in Gaborone, Botswana now administers most of the U.S. assistance to Lesotho, which totalled approximately $2 million in FY 2004. Total U.S. aid to Lesotho is over $69 million, including humanitarian food assistance. The Peace Corps has operated in Lesotho since 1969.About 69 Peace Corps volunteers concentrate in the sectors of health, agriculture, education, rural community development, and the environment. The Government of Lesotho encourages greater American participation in commercial life and welcomes interest from potential U.S. investors and suppliers. In 2007, the Government of Lesotho signed a compact with the Millennium Challenge Corporation to provide $362.5 million in support to develop Lesotho's water sector, healthcare infrastructure, and private sector.  This article incorporates public domain material from U.S. Bilateral Relations Fact Sheets. United States Department of State. [131]

Notable people

• Lefa Mokotjo (1999–2005), ambassador of the Kingdom of Lesotho to the People's Republic of China

See also

• List of diplomatic missions in Lesotho

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External links

• Further Reading from Irish Department of Foreign Affairs