Foreign relations of Seychelles

The Seychelles follows a policy of what it describes as "positive" nonalignment and strongly supports the principle of reduced superpower presence in the Indian Ocean. The Seychelles' foreign policy position has placed it generally toward the left of the spectrum within the Non-Aligned Movement. Russia, the United Kingdom, France, India, the People's Republic of China, Libya and Cuba maintain embassies in Victoria.

The government of the Seychelles withdrew diplomatic recognition of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic on March 17, 2008, according to an official government source. ^[1]

Trends

The Seychelles government is one of the proponents of the Indian Ocean zone of peace concept and it has promoted an end to the United States presence on Diego Garcia. The country has adopted a pragmatic policy, however, and serves as an important rest and recreation stop for US ships serving in the Persian Gulf and Indian Ocean.

In its foreign relations, the Seychelles maximizes the benefits it receives from both China and India by taking advantage of those two countries' rivalry with respect to the strategic waterway in which the Seychelles exists. ^{[2] : 47}

Diplomatic relations

List of countries which the Seychelles maintains diplomatic relations with:

#	Country	Date [3]
1	United Kingdom	29 June 1976 [4]
2	Australia	29 June 1976 [5]
3	Canada	29 June 1976 [6]
4	France	29 June 1976 [7]
5	India	29 June 1976 [8]
6	Italy	29 June 1976 [9]
7	Japan	29 June 1976 [10]
8	Pakistan	29 June 1976 [11] [12]
9	Russia	29 June 1976 [13]
10	South Korea	29 June 1976 [14]
11	China	30 June 1976 [15]
12	Romania	30 June 1976 [16]
13	Belgium	1 July 1976 [17]
14	Cyprus	1 July 1976 [18]
15	United States	1 July 1976 [19]
16	Egypt	14 July 1976 [20]
17	Iran	July 1976 [21]
18	Serbia	1 August 1976 [22]
19	Libya	15 August 1976 [23]
20	Portugal	16 August 1976 [24]
21	Vietnam	16 August 1976 [25]
22	North Korea	24 August 1976 [26]
23	Algeria	September 1976 [27]
24	Czech Republic	14 December 1976 [28]
25	Austria	12 January 1977 [29]
26	Germany	18 January 1977 [30]
27	Netherlands	19 January 1977 [31]
28	Nigeria	28 January 1977 [32]
29	Hungary	30 November 1977 [33]
30	Guinea	4 April 1978 [34]
31	Cuba	12 April 1978 [35]
32	Spain	3 November 1978 [36]
33	Democratic Republic of the Congo	1978 [37]
34	Jamaica	15 January 1979 [38]
35	Poland	12 February 1979 [39]
36	Sweden	14 August 1979 [40]
37	Denmark	27 November 1979 [41] [42]
38	Grenada	22 April 1980
39	Albania	16 May 1980 [43]
40	Maldives	1 July 1980 [44]
41	Greece	16 July 1980
42	Bulgaria	14 August 1980
43	Mongolia	20 August 1980
44	Iraq	17 February 1981 [45]
45	Switzerland	10 March 1981 [46]
46	Ethiopia	14 April 1982 [47]
47	United Arab Emirates	18 December 1982 [48]
48	Bangladesh	28 February 1983 [49]
49	Oman	13 April 1983 [50]
50	Bahrain	4 May 1983 [51]
51	Mozambique	August 1983 [52]
52	Qatar	7 April 1984 [53]
53	Nicaragua	22 May 1984
—	Holy See	27 July 1984 [54]
54	Norway	1 February 1985 [55]
55	Indonesia	16 December 1985
56	Somalia	14 April 1986 [56]
57	Mexico	1 June 1986 [57]
58	Vanuatu	15 July 1986 [58]
59	Tunisia	25 August 1986 [59]
60	Argentina	2 October 1986
61	Nepal	10 October 1986
62	São Tomé and Príncipe	22 October 1986
63	Angola	7 November 1986
64	Brazil	10 November 1986
65	Tanzania	11 November 1986
66	Fiji	4 December 1986
67	Cape Verde	9 March 1987 [60]
68	Zimbabwe	11 March 1987 [61]
69	Finland	1 April 1987
70	Malaysia	1 May 1987
71	Philippines	9 October 1987
72	Benin	1 March 1988
73	Comoros	30 June 1988 [62]
74	Senegal	8 July 1988 [63]
75	Kuwait	11 July 1988 [64]
76	Saint Lucia	13 July 1988
77	Mauritius	17 July 1988 [65]
78	Thailand	19 July 1988
79	Colombia	5 August 1988
80	Singapore	16 September 1988 [66]
81	Botswana	30 September 1988
82	Ghana	10 October 1988
83	Morocco	17 December 1988 [67]
84	Luxembourg	17 February 1989
85	Malta	11 April 1989
86	Madagascar	12 April 1989 [68]
87	Ivory Coast	19 April 1989 [69]
88	Kenya	10 January 1990 [70]
89	Brunei	1 May 1990 [71]
90	Iceland	8 November 1990 [72]
—	State of Palestine	1990 [73]
91	Venezuela	15 April 1991 [74]
92	Chile	30 October 1991
93	Belize	20 November 1991
94	Ecuador	6 December 1991
95	Namibia	9 December 1991
96	Saint Kitts and Nevis	12 December 1991
97	Mauritania	10 January 1992
98	Peru	15 January 1992
99	Costa Rica	17 March 1992
100	Uganda	6 April 1992
101	Israel	30 June 1992 [75]
102	Slovenia	21 October 1992 [76]
103	New Zealand	1992 [77]
104	Slovakia	6 January 1993 [78]
105	Guatemala	13 January 1993
106	Marshall Islands	2 February 1993
107	Djibouti	3 February 1993 [79]
108	Equatorial Guinea	14 April 1993
109	Paraguay	23 April 1993
110	Guyana	28 April 1993
111	Panama	21 May 1993
112	Lithuania	1 July 1993
113	South Africa	23 March 1994 [80]
114	Latvia	23 March 1994
—	Sovereign Military Order of Malta	June 1994 [81]
115	Ukraine	30 September 1994
116	Azerbaijan	2 November 1994 [82]
117	Turkey	22 June 1995
118	Cambodia	15 August 1996 [83]
119	Gabon	14 November 1996 [84]
120	Croatia	30 September 1997
121	Zambia	11 March 1998 [85]
122	Sri Lanka	3 October 1998 [86]
123	Ireland	9 October 1999 [87]
124	Andorra	28 April 2000
125	Samoa	29 August 2000
126	Saudi Arabia	28 September 2000 [88]
127	Haiti	15 October 2000
128	North Macedonia	7 February 2001 [89]
129	Mali	April 2001 [90]
130	Malawi	22 May 2001
131	Sudan	21 September 2001
132	Belarus	4 October 2001
133	Eswatini	14 March 2002
134	San Marino	14 March 2002 [91]
135	Eritrea	25 April 2002
136	Tonga	12 July 2002
137	Burundi	15 July 2002
138	Armenia	24 March 2006
139	Laos	22 June 2006
140	Estonia	15 November 2006 [92]
141	Rwanda	2006 [93]
142	Monaco	15 April 2008 [94]
143	Dominican Republic	23 September 2008 [95]
144	Uruguay	12 November 2008
145	Trinidad and Tobago	24 November 2009
146	Montenegro	19 May 2010
147	Solomon Islands	20 December 2010
148	Tuvalu	20 December 2010
149	Lesotho	25 January 2011 [96]
150	Nauru	14 April 2011
151	Georgia	15 March 2013
152	South Sudan	24 July 2013 [97]
153	Kazakhstan	11 March 2014
154	Kyrgyzstan	15 March 2014 [98]
155	Bosnia and Herzegovina	4 June 2014
156	Niger	18 November 2014 [99]
157	Togo	3 March 2015
158	Palau	30 March 2015
159	Afghanistan	24 February 2017
160	Kiribati	24 February 2017 [100]
161	Central African Republic	16 May 2017 [101]
162	Burkina Faso	16 May 2017 [102]
163	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	26 May 2017
164	Myanmar	12 July 2017
165	Tajikistan	28 December 2017
166	Dominica	23 June 2021 [103]
167	Gambia	16 November 2023 [104]
—	Cook Islands	31 May 2024 [105]
168	Turkmenistan	13 August 2024 [106]
169	Suriname	22 September 2024 [107]
170	Antigua and Barbuda	23 September 2024
171	Uzbekistan	23 September 2024
172	Bahamas	24 October 2024 [108]
173	El Salvador	12 November 2024
174	Sierra Leone	16 February 2025
175	Lebanon	25 June 2025
176	Republic of the Congo	Unknown [109]
177	Yemen	Unknown [109]

Bilateral relations

Country	Formal Relations Began	Notes
China	30 June 1976 [110]	See China–Seychelles relations China has an embassy in Victoria. Seychelles has an embassy in Beijing and a consulate-general in Shanghai.
Cuba	12 April 1978 [111]	Diplomatic relations between Seychelles and Cuba established as of 12 April 1978 and 26 April 2017 President Seychelles inauguration Embassy of Seychelles in Havana,Cuba [112] In 2022, Seychelles closed its embassy in Havana. Cuba has an embassy in Victoria. Seychelles does not have an accreditation to Cuba.
Cyprus	1 July 1976	Diplomatic relations between Seychelles and Cyprus established as of 1 July 1976 [113] Both countries a members of the Commonwealth of Nations List of bilateral agreements. [114] Cyprus is represented in Seychelles through its embassy in Muscat, Oman. [115] Seychelles is represented in Cyprus through its High Commission in London, United Kingdom. [116] Two countries are a member of La Francophonie.
France	29 June 1976	Diplomatic relations between Seychelles and France established as of 29 June 1976 [117] Embassy of Seychelles in Paris France has an embassy in Victoria. Seychelles has an embassy in Paris. Seychelles claimed the French-owned Glorioso Islands in the Indian Ocean before the France–Seychelles Maritime Boundary Agreement. Both countries are members of La Francophonie.
Greece	16 July 1980	Diplomatic relations between Seychelles and Greece established as of 16 July 1980 [118] Greece is accredited to Seychelles from its embassy in Nairobi, Kenya. [119] Seychelles is accredited to Greece from its embassy in Paris, France. [119]
India	29 June 1976	See India–Seychelles relations Diplomatic relations between Seychelles and India established as of 29 June 1976 [120] In an effort to reduce the increasing piracy in the nearby region, Seychelles requested the Indian Navy to carry out anti-piracy operations in her waters. [121] This made India-Seychelles relations stronger. The Seychelles also praised the Indian Navy for their anti-piracy operations. [121] India has a High Commission in Victoria. [122] Seychelles maintains a High Commission in New Delhi. [123]
Malaysia	1 May 1987 [124]	See Malaysia–Seychelles relations Malaysia is accredited to Seychelles from its embassy in Harare, Zimbabwe. Seychelles has a high commission in Kuala Lumpur.
Mauritius	17 June 1988	Diplomatic relations between Seychelles and Mauritius established as of 17 June 1988 [125] Mauritius has an honorary consulate in Victoria. Seychelles has an honorary consulate in Port Louis. Both are the members of Commonwealth of Nations and La Francophonie.
Mexico	1 June 1986	Diplomatic relations between Seychelles and Mexico established as of 1 June 1986 [126] Mexico is accredited to the Seychelles from its embassy in Nairobi, Kenya. [127] Seychelles does not have an accreditation to Mexico.
North Korea	29 June 1976 and 24 August 1976	See North Korea–Seychelles relations Establishment of Diplomatic Relations between the North Korea and the Republic of Seychelles is June 28, 1976. From 1980, DPR Korea and Seychelles have a good relations in military.
Russia	30 June 1976	See Russia–Seychelles relations Diplomatic relations between Seychelles and the Soviet Union were established on 30 June 1976, a day after the island nation gained its independence from the United Kingdom. [128] Russia has an embassy in Victoria. [129] Seychelles is accredited to Russia from its embassy in Paris, France and maintains an honorary consulate in Saint Petersburg.
Switzerland	10 March 1981	Diplomatic relations between Seychelles and Switzerland established as of 10 March 1981 [130] Both countries are full members of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie. Seychelles is accredited to Switzerland from its embassy in Paris, France. Switzerland is accredited to Seychelles from its embassy in Antananarivo, Madagascar.
Turkey	22 June 1995	Diplomatic relations between Seychelles and Turkey established as of 22 June 1995 [131] Embassy of Seychelles in Paris is accredited to Turkey. [132] The Turkish Embassy in Nairobi is accredited to Seychelles. [132] Trade volume between the two countries was US$25.4 million in 2019 (Turkish exports/imports: 17.7/7.7 million USD). [132]
United Arab Emirates	18 December 1982	Diplomatic relations between Seychelles and United Arab Emirates established as of 18 December 1982 [133] Seychelles has an embassy in Abu Dhabi. UAE has an embassy in Victoria.
United Kingdom	29 June 1976	The Seychelles became a crown colony separate from Mauritius in 1903 and independence was granted in 1976, as a republic within the Commonwealth. Seychelles has a high commission in London. United Kingdom has a high commission in Victoria.
United States	1 July 1976 [134]	See Seychelles–United States relations Seychelles is accredited to the United States from its Permanent Mission to the United Nations in New York City. United States has an embassy in Victoria.
Vietnam	16 August 1979 [135]	President James Alix Michel's official visited to Vietnam in August, 2013. The statement says this is an official visit to Vietnam made by a high-ranking leader of Seychelles. [136] Both countries are members of La Francophonie.

The Seychelles and the Commonwealth of Nations

The Seychelles is a member state of the Commonwealth of Nations.

See also

• List of diplomatic missions in Seychelles
• List of diplomatic missions of Seychelles

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Further reading

• Dennis Hardy (February 2023). "Sovereignty and Seychelles: Borders and Boundaries in a Small Island State" (PDF). Seychelles Research Journal. 5 (1): 52–64.
• Anthony Bergin; David Brewster; Aakriti Bachhawat (1 December 2019). "Ocean Horizons: Strengthening Maritime Security in Indo-Pacific Island States". Indian Ocean Island States: 29–39.